A Political Text-book for 1860: Comprising a Brief View of Presidential ...

167
LINCOLN, ABRAHAM, of Illinois, defeated for
Vice-President in Republican Convention, 1856... 22 OHIO DECLARES FOR FREEDOM through Legis-
Nominated for President by Republican Conven-

lative Resolves

208

tion, 1860...

29 PENNSYLVANIA LEGISLATURE FOR FREE

Speech at Springfield, II., June 17, 1858

127

Discussion with Mr. Douglas at Freeport, Ill. 129

Territory

Speech at Cooper Institute, New-York, 1860. 144 PIERCE, FRANKLIN, of New-Hampshire,
Letter to Boston Committee on the Jefferson

nominated for President in Democratic Conven-

Birthday Festival; Letter to Dr. Canisius on

tion, 1852..

Naturalization.

206 Elected President,

Accepts nomination for Presidency..

210

Defeated for President in National Con., 1856 .. 24

Lucas, Gen. ROBERT, President first Demo-

Receives one vote for President in National

cratic National Convention.......

Convention, 1860...

Madison, JAMES, of Virginia, elected Presi.

Pillow, Gen. GIDEON J., of Tennessee,

dent 1808, and reëlected in 1812..

beaten for Vice-President in Democratic Conven-

tion, 1852.....

MAINE DEMOCRACY FOR THE WILMOT PRO-

PINCKNEY, CHARLES C., of South Carolina,

viso.

201

beaten for Vice-President, 1800; also for President

MANGUM, WILLIE P., of North Carolina, sup- in 1804 and 1808..

ported by South-Carolina for President in 1886... 12

POLITICAL NATIONAL PLATFORMS. -- None

MARCY, WILLIAM L., of New York, beaten adopted by first Democratic Convention; Nasion-

for President in Dem. National Convention, 1862. 20 al Republican Platform..

....

No Platform adopted by second Democratic SLAVERY EXTENSION or RESTRICTION, His-

Convention; no Platform adopted by Whig

tory of the struggle for..

Convention at Harrisburg, 1839; First Demo-

Origin and Progress of Slavery in America.... 49

cratic National Platform, 1840..

British Decisions affecting Slavery in the Colo-

Whig National Platform, 1844.

nies.....

Democratic National Platform, 1844

Slavery under the Confederation.

Liberty Party Platform, 1844

Jefferson's Ordinance of 1784, providing for the

No Platform adopted openly by Whig Con-

Government of the Territories and the exclu.

vention, 1848...

sion of Slavery therefrom...

Democratic National Platform, 1848.

Yeas and Nays thereon in Continental Congress 52

Buffalo Free Soil Platform, 1848.

Ordinance of 1787, prohibiting Slavery in the

Whig National Platform, 1852.

North-west Territory..

Democratic National Platform, 1852.

The Federal Constitution on Slavery..

Free Democratic Platform, 1852.

Constitutional Amendments affecting Slavery;

Republican National Platform, 1856.

Cessions of Territory by Slave States; Early

American National Platform, 1856..

attempts to override the Ordinance of '87 53

Democratic National Platform, 1856.

Reports of John Randolph of Va., and Franklin

Whig National Platform, 1856.

of N. O., in opposition thereto; The first Mis-

Republican National Platform, 1860..

souri Struggle...

Constitutional Union Party Platform, 1860..

Slavery Restriction proposed by Gen. James

Democratic (Douglas) Platform of 1860..

Tallmadge of N. Y.; Proposition sustained by

Addition thereto by Baltimore Convention. 48

the House ; Remarks thereon by Mr. T. Fuller

Seceders' Platform adopted at Charleston.. 41

of Mass...

The same readopted by the Seceders' (Breckin-

Remarks of Gen. Tallmadge of N. Y.

ridge) Convention at Baltimore..

Reply of Mr. Scott of Mo...

Restriction negatived in the Senate..

POLK, JAMES K., of Tennessee, nominated

House refuses to concur; Second Missouri

for and elected President, 1844.

Struggle; Mr. John W. Taylor of N. Y. moves

POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY IN THE TERRITORIES,

a Committee; Memorial of Daniel Webster in

favor of Slavery Restriction.....

invented by Gen. Lewis Cass, in his Nicholson

Resolves of Legislature of N. Y., in favor of

179

Slavery Restriction...

PROHIBITION OF SLAVERY IN THE TERRITO-

Resolves of N. J. and Pa...

ries : Letter of Martin Van Buren thereon........

Resolves of Delaware; Counter Resolves of

181

Kentucky Legislature; Compromise proposed

Pugh, JAMES L., of Alabama, for Dissolu-

by the Senate.

172 Adopted in the Senate, and Bill passed; House

refuses to concur...

QUITMAN, Gen. JOHN A., of Mississippi,

Benate asks a Conference..

beaten for Vice-President in Democratic Conven-

Compromise finally carried in the House by 90

tion, 1848..

16 Yeas (14 only from Free States) to 87 Nays

Béaten for Vice-President in Democratic Con-

(all from Free States)..

vention, 1856.

The third Missouri Struggle ; Enlargement of

Missouri in 1836; Annexation of Texas... 65

ANDOLPH, John, of Virginia, on Everett,- 204 Address of John Q. Adams and other Whig

RAYNOR KENNETH, of North Carolina, de-

members against such Annexation....

feated for President in American Convention,

Mr. Calhoun's dispatch to Mr. King; Mr. John

1856...

P. Hale proposes a division of Texas..

Annexation project of Milton Brown of Tenn.;

REPUBLICAN NATIONAL CONVENTION, 1856 22 Adopted, Yeas 118, Nays 101; Proposition of

Mr. Foster of Tenn...

REPUBLICAN NATIONAL CONVENTION, 1860 26 Annexation carried in Senate, 26 to 25; The

REVOLUTION PROPOSED by William L. Yan-

Wilmot Proviso....

The Clayton Compromise ; Mr. J. M. Root's Re-

cey..

173

solve for Slavery Restriction; Proposition of

RIVES, Wm. C., of Virginia, defeated for

Isaac P. Walker of Wisconsin..

Vice-President in Democratic National Conven-

Proposition of Mr. Richard W. Thompson, of

tion...

12 Ind. ; Slavery excluded from Oregon Terri-

tory

Rush, RICHARD, beaten for Vice-President

Mr. Douglas, of Illinois, proposes to extend the

in 1829...

Missouri line of restriction to the Pacific.... 74

Rosk, Gen. Thomas J., of Texas, beaten

Senate agrees, but House refuses; The Compro-

;

for Vice-President in Democratic National Con-

mise of 1850; Gen. Taylor's recommenda-

vention, 1852.

tions ; Gen, Sam Houston's proposition; Hen-

ry Clay's plan of Compromise; John Bell's

Scott, Gen. WINFIELD, of New-York, de-

proposition..

feated for President at Harrisburg, 1889.

12 Objections to Mr. Clay's scheme by Foote of

Defeated for President in Whig Convention,

Miss, and Mason, of Va....

1848.

15 Ditto by Jefferson Davis of Miss. ; Mr. Clay

Nominated for President, 1852.

18 in reply; Messrs. Downs of La., King of Ala.,

Letter accepting nomination for President,

and Butler of S. C., in further opposition to

1852..

19 Mr. Clay...

Defeated for President, 1852.

22 Mr. Foote of Miss. moves a Committee of Thir-

SECEDERS' CONVENTION at Charleston, and

teen; Mr. Clay reports from said Committee;

Mr. Jefferson Davis's Amendment..

Platform...

Mr. Chase of Ohio moves a prohibition of Sla-
SECEDERS' CONVENTION at Baltimore nomi-

very ; The Omnibus defeated as a whole, but
nates John C. Breckinridge for President, and

passed in separate bills; The Kansas-Nebraska

Gen. Joseph Lane for Vice-President....

48 Struggle.

Mr. Atchison's remarks thereon; President
SEWARD, WM. H., of New-York, candidate

Pierce protests against the renewal of agita-

for President before National Republican Conven-

tion; Mr. Douglas's first Nebraska Report... 80

tion, 1860....

He amends his bill; Mr. Chase proposes to au-

His “ Irrepressible Conflict " Speech at Roches.

thorize the people of Kansas to prohibit Sla-

ter..

160

very therein; Opposed by Messrs. Bell, Doug.

SERGEANT, JOAN, of Pennsylvania, beaten

las, etc., and defeated..

for Vice-President in 1832.

Mr. Clayton's “ American" amendment; Mr.

Defeated for Vice-President in Whig National

Chase moves that the people of the Territory

Convention, 1844.....

be authorized to elect their own Governor;

Defeated by 30 to 10; Mr. Seward's speech

SINGLETON, OTHO R., of Mississippi, for Dis-

against the bill....

solution

172 The Kansas-Nebraska bül passes the Senate.. 84

PAGB
The Kansas-Nebraska bill passes the House.....

PAOB
Yeas 118, Nays, 1011, thereon.

85 TYLER, JOHN, of Virginia, nominated and

The clause of said bill repealing the Missouri

defeated for Vice-President, 1835-6..

Compromise; President Pierce on Kansas Ar-

Nominated for Vice-President, at Harrisburg,
fairs in '55–6; Mr. Douglas's · Report on do.,

1839, and elected in 1840..

March 12, '56

Minority Report of Mr. Collamer of Vermont...

ST TWO-THIRDS RULE adopted by first Demo-

House orders an investigation of Kansas frauds;

cratic Convention, 1882 .

Report of Messrs. Howard and Sherman there- Toucey. ISAAC, of Connecticut, supported

House votes to admit Kansas as a Free State... 107

for President by Democratic National Convention. 41

Mr. Douglas reports bill to pacify Kansas..

Mr. Trumbull's amendments thereto; Do. Messrs.

107 VAN BUREN, MARTIN, of New-York, nomi-

Foster's, Wilson's and Seward's ; Passage of

nated for Vice-President.

Douglas's bill...

Nominated for President in 1885, and elected in

108

Mr. Geo. G. Dunn's bill to reorganize Kangas..

1886.

109

President Pierce's last Message on Kansas....

Nominated for reëlection as President, 1840 18

110

Remarks of Messrs. Hale, Seward, Mason, Wil-

Defeated for President in 1840.

son and Pugh thereon.

Defeated in Democratic National Convention,

112

President Buchanan on the Lecompton Constitu-

1844

tion...

Nominated for President by Buffalo Convention,

118

Mr. Douglas's speech against Lecompton.

1848

114

Action on Lecompton in Kansas,

On Slavery in the Territories, letter to Water

116

Mr. Buchanan's special Lecompton Message... 117

bury and others....

181

Provisions of Lecompton Constitution respecting VOTE IN WHIG NATIONAL CONVENTION,

Slavery.

120

The Lecompton bill; Passed in the Senate, but

1852, on Resolve approving Compromise Measures

of 1850.

defeated in the House ; The Crittenden-Mont-

gomery substitute...

121 WARD, John E., of Georgia, President of

Yeas and Nays on adopting substituie.

122 the Democratic National Convention, 1856.. 24

Senate refuses to concur; Mr. English moves a

Conference Committee ; Carried by the Speak-

WEBSTER, DANIEL, of Massachusetts, sup-

er's casting vote; The English Compromise

ported by Massachusetts for President, 1836.

bill..

123

Defeated for President in Whig Convention, 1848 15

Carried through both Houses; The Wyandot

Beaten for President in Whig Convention, 1852.. 18

Convention and Constitution..

Memorial to Congress for Slavery Restriction 59

125

Mr. Grow proposes, and the House votes to ad.

His view on the powers of Supreme Court. 177

mit Kansas under the Wyandot Constitution;

Speech against Slavery Extension.

202

Senate refuses to act on the bill....... 126 WELLER, Col. JOHN B., of California,

SLAVE-TRADE ADVOCATED in Democratic

beaten for Vice-President in Democratic National

National Convention by Mr. Gaulden, of Georgia.

Convention, 1852

Also by Governor Adams, of 8. O., in Message to

Whig NationAL CONVENTIONS, held at Har-

Legislature

208

risburg, Penn., 1839

Held at Baltimore, Md., 1844

SPENCER, AMBROSE, of New-York, Presi- Held at Philadelphia, Penn., 1848..

dent Whig National Convention, 1844 ..

18 Held at Baltimore, Md., 1852

Held at Baltimore, Md., 1856

SPENCER, JOHN C., of New York, Presi-

dent Anti-Masonic National Convention

White, Hugh L., of Tennessee, unsuccess-

ful candidate for President

STEVENSON, ANDREW, of Virginia, Presi-

dent Second Democratic National Convention.

WILMOT, DAVID, of Pennsylvania, defeated

Ditto, President National Democratic Conven-

for Vice-President in Republican Convention, 1856 22

tion, 1848....

Temporary Chairman of Re, ublican National

Convention, 1860.

STRANGE, ROBERT, of North Carolina, beaten

for Vice-President in Democratic Convention,

Wilson, Gen. HENRY, of Massachusetts,

1852

President of Free Democratic National Conven-

tion, 1852

SUMNER, CHARLES, of Massachusetts, de-
feated for Vice-President in Republican National

Wirt, WILLIAM, of Maryland, Anti-Ma-

Convention, 1856.........

sonic candidate for President, 1832 .

SUPREME COURT, POWER AND DUTIES OF-

Wilkins, William, of Pennsylvania, sup-

Opinions of Thomas Jefferson..

174

ported by Pennsylvania for Vice-President, 1882.. 11

Opinions of John Taylor of Caroline, Va., John WISCONSIN declares for Free Territory,
Randolph of Roanoke, Nathaniel Macon of

201
N. C., and John Bacon, of Massachusetts ....

through Legislative Resolves.....

175

Opinions of John J. Crittenden, Nathaniel Macon,

WOODBURY, LEVI, of New-Hampsbire, beaten
James Barbour, Supreme Court of Georgia,

for President in Democratic Convention, 1848 16

Legislature of Georgia, Supreme Court of Penn-

sylvania, and Court of Appeals of Virginia .... 176

WRIGAT, Silas, of New-York, nominated

Opinions of Mahlon Dickerson, Richard M. John-

for Vice-President by Democratic National Con.
son, Gen. Andrew Jackson, and Daniel Web-

vention of 1844, but declined..

ster..

177 YANCEY, William L., of Alabama, offers

TAYLOR RATIFICATION MEETING at Phila-

"non-interference " resolve in Democratic Con-

delphia, 1848, and Resolves ...

vention, 1848

He advocates Revolution in the South..

178

TAYLOR, ZACHARY, of Louisiana, Wbig

vominee for President, 1843

15 YOUNG, Col. SAMUEL, of New-York, Presi.

Elected President in 1848

dent of the Barnburners' Convention at Utica in

1848.

TILDEN, DANIEL R.,

of Ohio, proposes Offers Anti-Slavery Resolves in Senate of New

Slavery Restriction in Whig Convention, 1848 .... 15) York

208

APPENDIX.

263

RESOLUTIONS of '98 and '99, (Va. & Ky.) 249 | THE DRED Scott DECISION.....

DOUGLAS' OPINIONS ON SLAVERY in the SLAVERY IN NEW MEXICO, with the action

Territories, Wilmot Proviso, &c,....

281

of Congress thereon...

254

........

Å POLITICAL TEXT-BOOK FOR 1860.

NATIONAL CAUCUSES, CONVENTIONS, AND

PLATFORMS.

National Conventions for the nomination of a potent influence over such questions, being. candidates are of comparatively recent origin. on this occasion, unable to agree as to which of In the earlier political history of the United her favored sons should have the preference. States, under the Federal Constitution, candi- Ninety-four of the 136 Republican members of dates for President and Vice-President were Congress attended this caucus, and declared nominated by congressional and legislative their preference of Mr. Madison, who received caucuses. Washington was elected as first 83 votes, the remaining 11 being divided bePresident under the Constitution, and reëlected tween Mr. Monroe and George Clinton. The for a second term by a unanimous, or nearly Opposition supported Mr. Pinckney; but Mr. unanimous, concurrence of the American people; Madison was elected by a large majority. but an opposition party gradually grew up in Toward the close of Mr. Madison's earlier Congress, which became formidable during his term, he was nominated for reëlection by a second term, and which ultimately crystalized Congressional Caucus held at Washington, in into what was then called the Republican May, 1812. In September of the same year, a party. John Adams, of Massachusetts, was convention of the Opposition, representing prominent among the leading Federalists, while eleven States, was held in the city of NewThomas Jefferson, of Virginia, was preëmi. York, which nominated De Witt Clinton, of Dently the author and oracle of the Republican New-York, for President. He was also put in party, and, by common consent, they were the nomination by the Republican Legislature of opposing candidates for the Presidency, on New-York. The ensuing canvass resulted in Washington's retirement in 1796-7.

the reëlection of Mr. Madison, who received Mr. Adams was then chosen President, while 128 electoral votes to 89 for De Witt Clinton. Mr. Jefferson, having the largest electoral vote In 1816, the Republican Congressional Caucus next to Mr. A., became Vice-President. nominated James Monrue, who received, in the

The first Congressional Caucus to nominate caucus, 65 votes to 54 for Wm. H. Crawford, candidates for President and Vice-President, is of Georgia. The Opposition, or Federalists, said to have been held in Philadelphia in the named Rufus King, of New-York, who receiveå year 1800, and to have nominated Mr. Jeffer- only 34 electoral votes out of 217. There was son for the first office, and Aaron Burr for the no opposition to the reëlection of Mr. Monroe second. These candidates were elected after a in 1820, a single (Republican) vote being cast desperate struggle, beating John Adams and against him, and for John Quincy Adams. Charles C. Pinckney, of South Carolina. In In 1824, the Republican party could not be 1804, Mr. Jefferson was reëlected President, i induced to abide by the decision of a Congres with George Clinton, of New-York, for Vice, sional Caucus. A large majority of the Repubencountering but slight opposition: Messrs. lican members formally refused to participate Charles C. Pinckney and Rufus King, the op- in such a gathering, or be governed by its deciposing candidates, receiving only 14 out of 176 sion; still, a Caucus was called and attended by Electoral Votes. We bave been unable to find the friends of Mr. Crawford alone. Of the 261 any record as to the manner of their nomina- members of Congress at this time, 216 were tion. In January, 1808, when Mr. Jefferson's Democrats or Republicans, yet only 66 ressecond term was about to close, a Republican ponded to their names at roll-call, 64 of whom Congressional Caucus was held at Washington, voted for Mr. Crawford as the Republican nomito decide as to the relative claims of Madison nee for President. This nomination was very and Monroe for the succession, the Legisla- extensively repudiated throughout the country, Cure of Virginia, which had been said to exert and three competing Republican candidates

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