Can such a state of things long continue, especially blood of an unarmed, defenceless man, and he a Senator with the ever-present risk of new causes of exasperation of Massachusetts : if by laying down my life this hour, I I own it seems to me impossible, unless some healing could undo what has been done the last two years (begin. course is adopted, that the catastrophe, which the mass of ning with the disastrous repeal of the Missouri Comprogood citizens deprecate, should be much longer delayed. i mise) to embitter the different parts of the country against A spirit of patriotic moderation must be called into action each other, and weaken the ties which unite them, I would throughout the Union, or it will assuredly be broken up. willingly, cheerfully, make the sacrifice. Unless the warfare of inflammatory speeches and incen In a letter, written subsequently, in explanadiary publications is abandoned, and good citizens, as in 1776 and 1787, North and South, will agree to deal with tion of these remarks, Mr. Everett said the same elements of discord (for they existed then as now), I have condemned from the outset, and still most as our Fathers dealt with them, we shall but for a very | decidedly con the policy of late Administration few years longer be even nominally brethren of one family. towards Kansas. I opposed the Kansas-Nebraska bill in The suggestion that the Union can be maintained by the the Territorial Committee, of which I was a member. I numerical predominance and military prowess of one voted against the amendment to the bill by which the section, exerted to coerce the other into submission, is, in Missouri Compromise was repealed. I opposed the bill to my judgment, as self-contradictory as it is dangerous. It the best of my ability, in a speech delivered in the Senate comes loaded with the death smell from fields wet with on the 8th of February, 1854, of which I send you a copy; brothers blood. If the vital principle of all republican and I should have voted against it on its passage (as i government “is the consent of the governed,” much more stated in my place at the next meeting of the Senate) had does a union of coequal sovereign States require, as its not severe illness compelled me, at 31 o'clock in the mornbasis, the harmony of its members and their voluntary ing, to leave the Senate chamber before the vote was coöperation in its organic functions. taken. I informed my Southern political friends, when Believing, for these reasons, that healing counsels must the bill was brought in, that it ought to be entitled a bill be listened to, if we are much longer to remain one people, to “ annihilate all conservative feeling in the non-slaveI regard the late National Union Convention as a move holding States." With these views of the subject, though, ment in the right direction. I could wish that it had been as I trust, for reasons higher than any effect on party earlier assembled; with less exclusive reference to official politics, I fully concurred in the main line of argument nominations, and wit a more comprehensive representa in Mr. Sumner's speech. Abstaining, however, habitution, if possible, of the conflicting opinions of the country. ally myself from all personalities in debate, and believing On general principles and in ordinary times, I admit that that they always irritate and never persuade nor convince third parties are objectionable, but in the existing state I could not of course bestow my“ unqualified approbation" of affairs, if there is to be any escape from the present ill on the manner in which he treated the subject. omened conflict, it would seem that a commencement must be made with such a meeting as that of the 9th and GEORGIA ON EVERETT. 10th, at Baltimore. It was a fair representation of the conservative opinion of the country; and the calmness, On the accession of Gen. Harrison to the gravity and good feeling with which its proceedings were Presidency, in 1840, he nominated the Hon. conducted, cannot be too highly praised. Edward Everett as minister to England, and In adopting as its platform the Constitution without note or comment, the Convention, as it seems to me, pur- this nomination was resisted with great pertisued a wise and patriotic course. No other course was nacity by the entire force of the Democratic thought of in the earlier days of the Republic. Elec- party in the Senate, on the ground of Mr. tioneering platforms are almost without exception equivocal and delusive. It is objected that men differ as to the Everett’s Anti-Slavery sentiments, already quomeaning of the fundamental law; but they differ not less ted. The Whigs having a majority in the as to any gloss or commentary. The Constitution, in its Senate, the nomination, after a severe struggle, fair and natural interpretation, is the only basis on which was confirmed. Among those voting for the good citizans in every part of the country can now unite; and any attempt to go further will usually have no other Confirmation was the Hon. James McPhersou effect than to cause those who agree on great practical Berrien, of Georgia ; but his vote on this occa. principles to differ on metaphysical subtleties, or to bring sion was so distasteful to the people of Georgia together, by artfully constructed phrases and from selfish that the legislature of that State adopted the motives, those who have nothing else in common. The candidate for the Presidency, presented by the following resolve : Union Convention, is every way worthy of confidence and support. I speak from personal knowledge and long asso: Edward Everett, now minister to England, of the power Resoloed, That the opinions publicly proclaimed by ciation with him in the public service. His distinguished and obligation of Congress to abolish Slavery in the Distalent, large experience in public affairs, proved integ: trict of Columbia, to interdict the slave-trade between the rity and sterling patriotism furnish the amplest pledge for at home and abroad. A citizen of the South, and loyal character, subversive of the rights of the South, and if an honest and efficient administration of the government States, and to refuse the admission into the Union of any Territory tolerating Slavery, are unconstitutional in their to her constitutional rights, his impartial and conciliatory course as a public man affords a ground on which he can carried out, will destroy this Union; and that the Hon. be supported in either section of the country, without John McPherson Berrien, in sustaining for an important dereliction of principle, and by men of all parties, without appointment, an individual holding such obnoxious sentia painful sacrifice of former preferences. ments, has omitted a proper occasion to give an efficient Deeply regretting that the Convention has not put it in check to such sentiments, and in so doing has not truly my power to pay an equally cordial and emphatic tribute represented the opinions or wishes of the people of to some worthy candidate for the Vice-Presidency, but Georgia, of either political party. feeling it a duty to give the desired proof of sympathy The vote of the legislature on the adoption with their patriotic efforts to restore the happy days of of this resolve was: In the Senate, Ayes 40 ; brotherly concord between the different sections of our beloved country. Nays 0. In the House, Ayes 101 ; Nays 40. In a speech delivered at Springfield, Ill., in 1849, Senator Douglas, in speaking of the Mis. Soon after the brutal assault on Charles Sum- souri Compromise, said: ner, in 1856, Mr. Everett, in some remarks It has received the sanction of all parties in every sec. delivered at Taunton, Mass., referred to the tion of the Union. It had its origin in the hearts of all subject as follows: patriotic men who desired to preserve and perpetuate the blessings of our glorious Union--an origin akin to The civil war, with its horrid train of pillage, fire, and that of the Constitution of the United States, conceiv slaughter, carried on, without the slightest provocation, in the same spirit of fraternal affection, and calculated to against the infant settlements of our brethren on the fron- remove forever the only danger which seemed to threaten tier of the Union; the worse than civil war which has for at some distant day to sever the sacred bond of Union. months raged unrebuked at the Capital of the Union, and All the evidences of public opinion seem to indicate that has at length, by an act of lawless violence, of which I this Compromise has become canonized in the hearts of know no parallel in the history of Constitutional Govern- the American people as a sacred thing, which no ruthless ment, stained the floor of the Senate chamber with the hand would be reckless enough to disturb. Fremont over Buchanan, 28,299; Pierce over Scott, 9,066; Cass over Taylor, 4,755; Polk over Clay, 11,341; Harrison over Van Buren, 411. Mr. James G. Birney received 194 votes in this state, in 1840. Fremont over Buchanan, 5,556; Pierce over Scott, 18,850; Cass over Taylor, 12,982 ; Polk over Clay, 9,294 ; Van Buren over Harrison, 6,598. Mr. Birney received 126 votes in 1840. COUNTIES. Rep. Dem. Am. Whig. Dem. F. Soil. Whig. Dem. Free D. Whig. Dem. Abo. Whig. Dem. Fremont over Buchanan, 4,787 ; Pierce over Scott, 1,109; Taylor over Cass, 8,133; Clay over Polk, 2,455; Harrison over Van Buren, 1,977. Mr. Birney received 42 votes in 1840. Rep. Dem. Am. Whig. Dem. F. Soil. ( Whig. Dem. Free D. Whig. Dem. Abo Whig. Dem. Total.. 108190 39240 19628, 52683 44569 28023 61070 85281 28058 67418 52846 20860 12874 51944 Fremont over Buchanan, 68,950; Scott over Pierce, 8,114; Taylor over Cass, 25,789 ; Clay over Polk, 14,572 ; Harrison over Van Buren, 20,930. Mr. Birney received 1,621 votes in 1840. VERMONT. COUNTIES. Abo Dem. Whig. Am. Fremont over Buchanan, 28,992 ; Scott over Pierce, 9,129; Taylor over Cass, 12,174; Clay over Polk, 8,729 ; Harrison over Van Buren, 14,422. Mr. Lirney received 319 votes in 1840. NEW JERSEY. Whig. Dem. F. Soil. Whig. Dem. Free D. Whig. Dem. Aho. Whig. Dem. Buchanan over Fremont, 18,605; Pierce over Scott, 5,749 ; Taylor over Cass, 8,114; Clay over Polk, 823; Harrison over Van Buren, 2,817. Mr. Birney received 69 votes in 1840. COUNTIES Rep. Dem. Am. Freiu't Buc'an Fill’re. Whiy. Dem. F. Soil. Whig. Dem. Free D. IThig. Dem. Abo. Whig. Dem. 2751 91 39 252 154 297 SS 1753 428 296 87 320 163 781 240 96 56 32 296 209 35 230 75 711 373 574 64 1206 58 214 210 5650 37 82 110 22 894 115 5 54 416 259 121 39 902 417 267 54 486) 475 495 Adams 251 1407 1790 1415 1508 1912 2059 5108 975 2299 1350 912 1604 1817 2810 1785 2700 2301 3509 1750 1255 1995 1711 2641 1539 2183 2741 2117 1170 3516 2497 2162 2281 1695 2154 6360 4446 2086 1998 821 895 2367 1649 2255 1377 1700 3233 1209 880 3488 3791 1098 772 610 1341 2694 575 3032 1465 2392 1932 9345 13051 1778 1941; 1091 SS2 2060 1473 587 655 1810 2140 1092 1454 1285 2108 3168 1709 935 1353 2424 1991 2735 2437 2371 023 743 1150 3027 3371 2093 18:25 3604 1420 1639 1866 9971 656 2323 1937 1367 1275 2635 1572 1998 1603 629 1159 3171 1908 1016 2312 4038 4285 2125 1669 2031 1667 8172 3391 1603 1337 454 477 497 170 1865 1817 1724 2066 523 1175 2983 2072 2249 1561 7901 1116 2726 2909 2436 2681 1548 1599 546 684 2565 2005 1356 1446 3770 3633 3185 1746 40-19 1920 3007 2656 1431 1055 755 789 932 1174 26881 1776 12181 1786 283 959 1536 23 1368 2434 2174 1075 2502 1751 1383 864 538 1480 24 2756 2694 454 1702 2460 23 2210 3519 122 1513 1305 242 1994 1687 206 2662 137+ 183 2213 2765 409 1424 1063 702 2237 2911 993 1798 2618 78 1074 2106 58 2944 3571 2107 1719 1797 92 554 896 43 2053 1591 891 1599 1404 275 2117 8311 10 1221 893 166 3495 3052 242 557 727 71 1567 1103 185 1147 664 1459 2450 1490 500 1941 1809 504 9232 13435 684 1076 1617 85 SS? 817 74 1723 1462 422 3:25 536 14 1952 2290 563 1552 21 1066 2100 42 22-12 1819 893 1009 1093 19 1995 2169 343 1574 2692 626 1046 670 1111 1299 981 15 2779 8569 552 2118 1361 191 1832 1554 1777 1238 1271 129 14001 655 61 955 1873 1033 914 1270 79 1579 1754 1008 1573 1899 297 5001 831 11 2754 2001 235 997 2422 180 8856 8744 177 2084 1708 220 1080) 1710 748 4223 3500 214 885 1457 435 27+ 400 2 121 312 5 1417 2246 17 2175 2041 35 927 1029 16 1851 2007 1296 2253 1633 197 461 890 61 2183 8284 209 8091 2465 179 1064 1619 88 1801 1424 29 1972 2809 118 1147 1309 54 2740 3634 356 2386 1965 660 1968 2039 1739 2659 2685 112 1249 943 255 422 737 6 774 912 951 25231 1919 223 1259 1690 1961 1252 1611 878 1123 1846) 1500 320 2050 1425 Un organized. 2723 2592 543) 31-10 2821 1971 2557 4031 1798 2342 1959 8536 881 2158 8546 1453 1395 345 1701 1584 1878 1508 330 2069 1409 25061 1875 2081 2477 1155 2204 2833 404 2189 2627 1283 1122 735) 1736) 1187 1850 2782 865 3416 3743 1914 2422 137 1885 2281 952 1678 90 1197 1734 1776 2368 2594 3331 2385 1508 1554 81 140811409 l'n organized. 1866 1574 268 2546 2017 1409 999 6S 1458 1261 2433 3515 42 2512 3637 1157 946 128 1229 878 3199 3029 284 2965 2498 Un organized. 1630 1081 95 1484 957 872 922 1373 2274 1101 2035 1256 644 2422 1380 2375 2504 489 2746 2628 9018| 10834 1986 7201 8983 1016 1501 22 907 1247 596 605 51 510 1504 1(158 543 2039 1750 217 297 17 229 245 2114 2224 342 2148 2164 856 1919 23 719 1289 1118 2224 45 1142 2317 1950 1769 876 2561 2136 987 1108 50 908 1046 2147 2231 455 2385 2354 1910 2890 539 2746 3324 777 716 904 1818 901 1164 745 53 1140 658 3030 8468 561 3500 3840 1652 1147 2761 1625 1015 647 1473 1616 1956 1793 1293 1197 327 881 1829 712 SO 1269 643 Un organized. 1001 1193 55 1425 1480 1410 1836 1095 2045 1920 1327 1014 305 1341 880 360 641 16 423 812 2542 1822 272 2572 1657 999 2574 830 1210 2548 8561 8330 804 8388 8101 2820 2448 314 2051 2077 Un organized. 4427 3350 228 4499 8196 Un organi zed. 1901 231 45 241 233 70 198 63 192 1488 2192 19 1527 2273 2115 1960 24 2219 2012 843) 909 33 800 636 1270 2149 1127 2510 2247 2106 1519 314 2262 1526 402 684 3 451 697 2067 8177 188 8448 5574 8394 2306 174 2380 928 1148 124 997 1214 1838 1268 13 1519 1095 1536 2826 488 1727 2316 1021 1129 49 1026 1014 2382 3495 570 2952 3575 1892 1815 1058 2056 1864 1951 2075 8887 8544 2662 2553 164 2696 2858 1080 797 178 1009 710 228 881 270 Un organized. 25261 18611 402|| 2822 1795 114 2 5 138 13 95 134 109 3 238 93 473 12 8 1479 2310 2821 2606 5878 693 431 2003 191 2145 649 1109 2291 794 2300 2441 1887 1118 3357 1574 1868 981 1201 725 921 1172 2186 5835 1063 376 1789 181 1999 903 1906 1531 785 2218 2789 658 453 3516 845 1318 526 571 1167 29 4 2S 841 114 159 413 391 201 101 1092 154 1 5 492 352 375 6 273 4 53 589 45 9 232 163 65 155 3 1471 2097 101 2201 1187 16 6501 647 244 2524 1968 70 2299 1931 2 401 582 111 8831 4539 8081 2071 12 919 917 1472 749 41 1483 1616 26 955 1027 76 2701 8106 184 2562 1646 738 4101 8326 85 2338 1787 82 946 577 Unorganized 1321 851 2818 1504 Whig Whig. Dem. Clay. Polk. Birney Ha'son Tank. 2473 2189 8331 2079 1930 462 2194 1686 151 2109 1458 2288 8143 149 2284 8380 190 2759 3765 75 2798) 3321 546 882 160 828 510 154 589 673 896 407 831 986 20 647 636 -29 576 570 1 548 990 1290 9 951 1059 46 Un organi zed. 518 Total.. 187497 170874' 23126 152526 169220) 31682 138360 154775/ 35354 (155057|149117| 8050 148157 124782 Fremont over Buchanan, 16,623; Pierce over Scott, 16,694; Cass over Taylor, 16,415; Clay over Polk, 5,940 Harrison over Van Buren, 23,375. In 1840, Mr. Birney received'903 votes. COUNTIES. 143 115 2164 Albany. Rep. Dem. Am. Whig. Dem. F. Soil. Whig. Dem. Free D. Whig. Dem. Abo. Whig. Dem. Frein Buc'an Fill’re. Scott. Pierce. Hale. Taylor. Cass. Van B. Clay. Polk. Birney Hu’son Van B. 5016 7751 5301 7246 8363 138 7068 4002 2407 7109 6916 124 6371 5944 6545 1640 856 3670 4009 678 2789 1283 2040 3913 3640 435 4132 8382 4297 2106 791 2674 8064 847 2490 1959 777 2681 2508 106 2395 2131 5166 1773 978 3687 3499 561 2604 1677 1236 2743 2634 487 2966 2485 7035 1818 1923 4838 4550 916 4318 1034 8979 4908 5202 876 5164 4864 7037 1847 2017 5612 3703 146 4207 1911 1628 5612 8407 314 5985 8345 2664 1789 766 2326) 8189 839 1943 728 2166 1791 2592 106 1693 2296 5458 2406 1070 8950 4-181 8031 3587 2616 1481 4215 4495 243 4386 3995 8818 3020 1951 4142 4455 7 3943 2121 2100 4322 4691 11 4287 4478 3596 1181 628 2928 21164 655 1879 946 1803 2378 285e 543 2664 2229 2659 2134 1311 2256 2912 245 1941 1472 1221 1919 2218 410 2023 1828 4367 2107 2009 3269 4052 839 2832 790 2908 3071 4230 205 2988 8847 5512 4039 2013 5495 5600 33 5376 3227 1295 5767 5627 87 5355 5362 6901 7536 5520 8023 7083 610 7647 8360 2357 6905 5050 415 6784 8691 1119 2617 1789 911 1524 1501 93 1440 1110 2593 1374 1034 2171 2070 1976 880 1602 2107 2192 100 1964 1645 8620 1434 1100 3358 2166 313 2990 1180 1111 8604 2105 298 7057 8809 2346 1533 2803 8242 16 2707 1551 1425 2968 8488 80 2991 8258 149 250 117 126 842 With Fulton, 123 222 5074 1650 1230 2679 4220 555 2430 699 3893 2868 4346 608 8118 4850 8249 8496 1058 5656 6279 757 4841 2445 4342 5576 6291 712 6257 5680 7846 14174 8647 8487 10621 66 7511 4892 817 5107 4648 77 8293 8157 3124 1114 418 1727 2535 303 1223 789 1258 1640 2078 154 1718 1755 8597 1652 1979 4096 3055 808 8730 889 2100 8773 2709 210 8916 2684 3076 1485 1713 2995 8373 40 2924 1285 1602 2849 3278 85 2828 3298 6312 1861 865 3379 3435 1584 2898 1565 2739 8683 8848 1811 4266 4114 7584 4683 3070 7467 6314 775 6539 1443 4671 6873) 5611 430 6468 4834 17771 41913 1992223115 34226 2061 29057 18974 5106 26385 28296 117 20958 21935 8906 1864 1985 8413 2862 1056 2828 1313 2080 3100 2589 810 2964 2219 10071 4227 1724 6097 6415 1701 5442 2229 4942 6495 6878 732 6557 6563 4551 1642 2189 4402 8347 547 8848 1272 2627 4568 8659 485 4828 8451 4274 3948 2172 4221 5171 16 4172 8170 1434 4626 5303 87 4371 4845 11174 6386 1601 7831 8636 1033 6032 3585 4816 6983 7717 1144 7156 7768 8246 8688 1175 375 4973 2143 3655 113 51 4352 851 4192 3907 8088 1052 1412 2586 2267 605 2402 918 1772 2600 2311 276 2606 2027 6373 8595 1229 4454 5496) 643 8929 8674 1941 4743 6050 413 4856 5551 963 1096 479 826 1521 816 996 415 979 1731 920 1583 1856 2394 2521 2208 2899 12 2444 1810 800 2547 2751 2522 2550 5153 4415 4548 6185 6563 218 6241 2685 2930 6360 5618 181 5752 8424 736 1550 946 1147 1824 80 1099 860 123 1049 1063 1 903 851 668 1526 937 1064 255 794) 1679 1 637 1657 9698 1950 1332 4570 5583 1386 8667 613 6023 4672 6008 468 4803 4751 4524 2446 2581 4498 4291 71 4438 2515 1405 4550 4200 119 4416 8973 1714 787 1213 1654 1900 1716 1069 444 1814 1679 31 1752 1577 2542 951 461 From Steub er, Chemung and Tompki ns. 2893 2045 1930 1917 8306 2180 1051 1400 2487 8375 14 2415 3482 2163 1625 1265 2213 2511 200 1767 1360 1523 2327 2569 124 2466 2472 2376 2887 1630 2958 3846 18 2724 2671 654 2986 8523 111 2895 8345 1690 1583 2037 2054 2681 44 1672 1363 534 1739 1964 80 1475 1679 7270 8217 2034 5236 6580 845 4357 1975 8623 4385 5512 243 4081 4820 3381 2154 435 2234 2815 197 1782 1683 789 1999 2545 90 1925 2180 4019 1430 1470 8410 8472 862 3003 1270 2648 3845 4018 822 8969 8552 2932 4030 4703 5183 5916 26 4659 1970 2277 4804 4783 12 4491 4280 5174 1632 1848 4230 8174 451 4486 1225 2024 5024 8270 838 5071 8024 2202 1006 785 1174 1718 119 1270 1019 618 1830 1791 118 1806 1411 5776 1999 1448 4083 4050 941 8567 797 8690 8953 4046 563 4309 8997 4066 1911 571 8005 2471 727 2381 1837 1630 2754 2102 442 With Gen'see 4450 4600 3641 4083 5279 55 4112 2146 1812 4258 4412 19 4083 4354 2994 915 351 1974 2153 824 1651 862 1483 2056 2110 207 2072 2087 918 Total.. 276007 195878 124604 234892 262083 25329 218603 114318 120510 232482 287588 15812 225817 212527 Fremont over Buchanan, 80,129 ; Pierce over Scott, 27,201 ; Taylor over Cass, 104,285; Polk over Clay, 5,108; Harrison over Van Buren, 18,290. Mr. Birney received 2,808 votes in 1840 • and Gerrit Smith, Land Reform and Abolitionist received 2,545 votes in 1848. |
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