...Party, Washington said: 7. Maurice Duverger, Political Parties (New York, John Wiley. 1954) . p. 426. serves always to distract the Public Councils, and...the animosity of one part against another, foments occasionally riot and insurrection. — It opens the doors to foreign influence and corruption, which...

...solemn manner against the baneful effects of the spirit of party." The spirit of party, said Washington, "serves always to distract the public councils and...jealousies and false alarms; kindles the animosity of one party against another; foments occasionally riot and insurrection. It opens the door to foreign influence...

...It serves always to distract the Public Councils. . . . It agitates the Community with ill founded jealousies and false alarms, kindles the animosity of one part against another. . . . There is the opinion that parties in free countries are useful checks upon the Administration...

...of warming, it should consume. I think I'm in love. Especially when he writes that the party spirit "serves always to distract the public councils and...kindles the animosity of one part against another ... it is a spirit not to be encouraged." By being an independent, I've chosen not to encourage that...

...people and to usurp for themselves the reins of government." Furthermore, the formation of parties "agitates the community with ill-founded jealousies...the animosity of one part against another, foments occasionally riot and insurrection." Washington advised the citizens on the need for morality based...