ralization of their parents, shall, if dwelling in the United States, be considered as citizens thereof; * * of seamen. lots and pilot. SEC. 2174. Every seaman, being a foreigner, who declares Naturalization his intention of becoming a citizen of the United States in any competent court, and shall have served three years on board of a merchant-vessel of the United States subsequent to the date of such declaration, may, on his application to age." any competent court, and the production of his certificate of discharge and good conduct during that time, together with the certificate of his declaration of intention to become a citizen, be admitted a citizen of the United States; and every seaman, being a foreigner, shall, after his declaration of intention to become a citizen of the United States, and after he shall have served such three years, be deemed a citizen of the United States for the purpose of manning and serving on board any merchant-vessel of the United States, anything to the contrary in any act of Congress notwithstanding; but such seaman shall, for all purposes of protection as an American citizen, be deemed such, after the filing of his declaration of intention to become such citizen. Title 25. SEC. 1992. All persons born in the United States and not subject to any foreign power, excluding Indians not taxed, who are citi are declared to be citizens of the United States. Hereafter no State court or court of the United States shall admit Chinese to citizenship; and all laws in conflict with this act are hereby repealed. zens. Apr. 9, 1866, s. 1, v. 14, p. 27. May 6, 1882. Chinese excepted. May 6, 1882, s. 14, v. 22, p. 61. Title 25. Citizenship of children of citi zens born abroad. Apr. 14, 1802, s. Feb. 10, 1855, s. 4, v. 2, p. 155; Citizenship of married women. Feb. 10, 1855, s. 2, v. 10, p. 604. SEC. 1993. All children heretofore born or hereafter born out of the limits and jurisdiction of the United States, whose fathers were or may be at the time of their birth citizens thereof, are declared to be citizens of the United States; but the rights of citizenship shall not descend to children whose fathers never resided in the United States. 1, v. 10, p. 604. SEC. 1994. Any woman who is now or may hereafter be married to a citizen of the United States, and who might herself be lawfully naturalized, shall be deemed a citizen. SEC. 1996. All persons who deserted the military or naval Rights as citi service of the United States and did not return thereto or desertion, etc. report themselves to a provost-marshal within sixty days after the issuance of the proclamation by the President, dated the 11th day of March, 1865, are deemed to have voluntarily relinquished and forfeited their rights of citizenship as well as their right to become citizens; and such deserters shall be forever incapable of holding any office of zens forfeited for Mar. 3, 1865, s. 21, v. 13, p. 490. Certain soldiers and sailors last section. trust or profit under the United States, or of exercising any rights of citizens thereof. SEC. 1997. No soldier or sailor, however, who faithfully not to incur the served according to his enlistment until the 19th day of forfeitures of the April, 1865, and who, without proper authority or leave July 19, 1867, first obtained, quit his command or refused to serve after ch. 28, v. 15, p. 14. that date, shall be held to be a deserter from the Army or Navy; but this section shall be construed solely as a removal of any disability such soldier or sailor may have incurred, under the preceding section, by the loss of citizenship and of the right to hold office, in consequence of his desertion. Mar. 3, 1875. alien convicts, It shall be unlawful for aliens of the following classes to Immigration of immigrate into the United States, namely, persons who are etc., forbidden. undergoing a sentence for conviction in their own country Mar. 3, 1875, of felonious crimes other than political or growing out of the result of such political offences, or whose sentence has been remitted on condition of their emigration, and women "imported for the purposes of prostitution." ch. 140, s. 5, v. 18, May 5, 1892. * *** * That all laws now in force prohibiting and regulating the 27 Stat. L., 25. coming into this country of Chinese persons and persons Immigration of Chinese descent are hereby continued in force for a laws extended for period of ten years from the passage of this act. Chinese. ten years. See Appendix, "Chinese.' Exclusion of Aug. 18, 1894. In every case where an alien is excluded from admission 28 Stat. L., 372. into the United States under any law or treaty now existaliens; executive ing or hereafter made, the decision of the appropriate immidecision final. gration or customs officers, if adverse to the admission of 551, 8. 8 (1 Supp. Such alien, shall be final, unless reversed on appeal to the Secretary of the Treasury. 1891, Mar 3, ch. R. S., 936). 1893, Mar. 3, ch. 206, s. 5, p. 118; 142 U. S., 651. Head money increased. ch. 376, s. 1. (1 Bureau of Immigration: The head money from alien 1882, Aug. 3, passengers on and after the first day of October next, colSupp. R. S., 370.) lected under the Act of August third, eighteen hundred and eighty-two, to regulate immigration, shall be one dollar in lieu of the fifty cents as provided in said Act; Immigration And such head money and all other receipts which shall covered into be collected on and after July first, eighteen hundred and ninety-five, in connection with in migration shall be covered into the Treasury; receipts to be Treasury. * Note 1.-The first and second sections of the act of May 6, 1882, chap. 126, vol. 22 p. 58, suspended the immigration of Chinese laborers to the United States, after ninety days from the passage of the act, for ten years, and provided that the master of any vessel who should knowingly bring within the United States, and land or permit to be landed any Chinese laborer from any foreign port or place, should be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and, on conviction thereof, be punished by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars for each and every such Chinese laborer so brought, and also might be imprisoned for a term not exceeding one year. The words "Chinese laborers are to be construed to mean both skilled and unskilled laborers and Chinese employed in mining. A child born in the United States of alien parents, who have never been naturalized, is by the fact of birth a native-born citizen of the United States, entitled to all the rights and privileges of citizenship. So of children born in the United States of alien subjects who have declared their intention of becoming citizens of the United States. Children born abroad of aliens (who subsequently emigrated to the United States with their families and were naturalized here during the minority of their children) are citizens of the United States. (Op., X., pp. 328, 329, Sept. 1 and 2, 1862. Bates.) An American citizen, domiciled in a foreign country, who has taken an oath of allegiance to the foreign sovereign is not under the protection of the United States. (Murray v. The Charming Betsey, 2 Cranch, S. C. Brightly's Federal Digest, p. 41.) of immigration, The commissioners of immigration at the several ports Commissioners shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice how appointed. and consent of the Senate, to hold their offices for the term of four years, unless sooner removed, and until their successors are appointed; and nominations for such offices shall be made to the Senate by the President as soon as practicable after the passage of this Act. SEC. 5281. Every citizen of the United States who, within the territory or jurisdiction thereof, accepts and exercises a commission to serve a foreign prince, state, colony, district, or people, in war, by land or by sea, against any prince, state, colony, district, or people, with whom the United States are at peace, shall be deemed guilty of a high misdemeanor, and shall be fined not more than two thousand dollars, and imprisoned not more than three years. Title 67. Accepting a sion." foreign commis Apr 20, 1818, s. 1, v. 3, p. 447. Enlisting in foreign service. 448. SEC. 5282. Every person who, within the territory or jurisdiction of the United States, enlists or enters himself, Idem, s. 2, p. or hires or retains another person to enlist or enter himself, or to go beyond the limits or jurisdiction of the United States with intent to be enlisted or entered in the service of any foreign prince, state, colony, district, or people, as a soldier, or as a marine or seaman, on board of any vessel of war, letter of marque, or privateer, shall be deemed guilty of high misdemeanor, and shall be fined not more than one thousand dollars, and imprisoned not more than three years. SEC. 5283. Every person who, within the limits of the United States, fits out and arms, or attempts to fit out and arm, or procures to be fitted out and armed, or knowingly is concerned in the furnishing, fitting out, or arming, of any vessel, with intent that such vessel shall be employed in the service of any foreign prince or state, or of any colony, district, or people, to cruise or commit hostilities against the subjects, citizens, or property of any foreign prince or state, or of any colony, district, or people, with whom the United States are at peace, or who issues or delivers a commission within the territory or jurisdiction of the United States, for any vessel, to the intent that she may be so employed, shall be deemed guilty of a high misdemeanor, and shall be fined not more than ten thousand dollars, and imprisoned not more than three years. And every such vessel, her tackle, apparel, and furniture, together with all materials, arms, ammunition, and stores, which may have been procured for the building and equip Arming vessels against people at peace with the United States. United States. See note 1. ment thereof, shall be forfeited; one-half to the use of the informer, and the other half to the use of the United States. Arming vessels SEC. 5284. Every citizen of the United States who, withto cruise against citizens of the out the limits thereof, fits out and arms, or attempts to fit out and arm, or procures to be fitted out and armed, or knowingly aids or is concerned in furnishing, fitting out, or arming any private vessel of war, or privateer, with intent that such vessel shall be employed to cruise, or commit hostilities, upon the citizens of the United States, or their property, or who takes the command of, or enters on board of any such vessel, for such intent, or who purchases any interest in any such vessel, with a view to share in the profits thereof, shall be deemed guilty of a high misdemeanor, and fined not more than ten thousand dollars, and imprisoned not more than ten years. And the trial for such offense, if committed without the limits of the United States, shall be in the district in which the offender shall be apprehended or first brought. Augmenting vessel of war. 5, v. 3, p. 448. SEC. 5285. Every person who, within the territory or jurisforce of foreign diction of the United States, increases or augments, or Apr. 20, 1818, 8. procures to be increased or augmented, or knowingly is concerned in increasing or augmenting, the force of any ship of war, cruiser, or other armed vessel, which, at the time of her arrival within the United States, was a ship of war, or cruiser, or armed vessel, in the service of any foreign prince or state, or of any colony, district, or people, or belonging to the subjects or citizens of any such prince or state, colony, district, or people, the same being at war with any foreign prince or state, or of any colony, district, or people, with whom the United States are at peace, by adding to the number of the guns of such vessel, or by changing those on board of her for guns of a larger caliber, or by adding thereto any equipment solely applicable to war, shall be deemed guilty of a high misdemeanor, and shall be fined not more than one thousand dollars and be imprisoned not more than one year. Military expe ditions against States. 449. SEC. 5286. Every person who, within the territory or jurispeople at peace diction of the United States, begins, or sets on foot, or provides with the United or prepares the means for, any military expedition or enterIdem, s. 6, p. prise, to be carried on from thence against the territory or dominions of any foreign prince or state, or of any colony, district, or people, with whom the United States are at peace, shall be deemed guilty of a high misdemeanor, and shall be fined not exceeding three thousand dollars, and imprisoned not more than three years. Enforcement of sions. SEC. 5287. The district courts shall take cognizance of foregoing provi- all complaints, by whomsoever instituted, in cases of capIdem, 8.8; Feb. tures made within the waters of the United States, or within a marine league of the coasts or shores thereof. In every case in which a vessel is fitted out and armed, or attempted 18. 1875, v. 18, p. 320. Note 1.-Section 4090 of the Revised Statutes empowers United States ministers to issue all manner of writs to prevent citizens of the United States from enlisting in the military or naval service of a country to make war upon any foreign power with whom the United States are at peace, or in the service of one portion of the people against another portion of the same people, and to carry out this power he may resort to such force belonging to the United States as may at the time be within his reach. to be fitted out and armed, or in which the force of any vessel of war, cruiser, or other armed vessel is increased or augmented, or in which any military expedition or enterprise is begun or set on foot, contrary to the provisions and .prohibitions of this Title; and in every case of the capture of a vessel within the jurisdiction or protection of the United States as before defined; and in every case in which any process issuing out of any court of the United States is disobeyed or resisted by any person having the custody of any vessel of war, cruiser, or other armed vessel of any foreign prince or state, or of any colony, district, or people, or of any subjects or citizens of any foreign prince or state, or of any colony, district, or people, it shall be lawful for the President, or such other person as he shall have empowered for that purpose, to employ such part of the land or naval forces of the United States, or of the militia thereof, for the purpose of taking possession of and detaining any such vessel, with her prizes, if any, in order to the execution of the prohibitions and penalties of this Title, and to the restoring of such prizes in the cases in which restoration shall be adjudged; and also for the purpose of preventing the carrying on of any such expedition or enterprise from the territories or jurisdiction of the United States against the territories or dominions of any foreign prince or state, or of any colony, district, or people with whom the United States are at peace. 9, v. 3, p. 449. SEC. 5288. It shall be lawful for the President, or such Compelling for eign vessels to person as he shall empower for that purpose, to employ such depart. part of the land or naval forces of the United States, or of, Apr. 20, 1818, 8. the militia thereof, as shall be necessary to compel any foreign vessel to depart the United States in all cases in which, by the laws of nations or the treaties of the United States, she ought not to remain within the United States. to give bond on Idem, s. 10. SEC. 5289. The owners or consignees of every armed, Armed vessels vessel sailing out of the ports of the United States, belong- clearance. ing wholly or in part to citizens thereof, shall, before clearing out the same, give bond to the United States, with sufficient sureties, in double the amount of the value of the vessel and cargo on board, including her armament, conditioned that the vessel shall not be employed by such owners to cruise or commit hostilities against the subjects, citizens, or property of any foreign prince or state, or of any colony, district, or people, with whom the United States are at peace. collectors of cus 11, v. 3, p. 450. SEC. 5290. The several collectors of the customs shall Detention by detain any vessel manifestly built for warlike purposes, toms. and about to depart the United States, the cargo of which Apr. 20, 1818, s. principally consists of arms and munitions of war, when the number of men shipped on board, or other circumstances, render it probable that such vessel is intended to be employed by the owners to cruise or commit hostilities upon the subjects, citizens, or property of any foreign prince or state, or of any colony, district, or people with whom the United States are at peace, until the decision of the President is had thereon, or until the owner gives such |
