ments, with the best of machinery and the most experienced work men. But, with the new Rolling gear, 120 tons can be manufactured in 12 hours; or nearly four times as much-yet the yield in both cases being limited by the rolling power. The principal difference, so far as cost is concerned, after the new Rolling apparatus is introduced, is in the additional number of furnaces required to keep it going.

There are other incidental advantages connected with this invention that we have not attempted to enumerate - we may have occasion to allude to it hereafter. The model has been examined by a great many persons, and the actual process of manufacture performed with small bars of cold lead. The general opinion expressed is admiration and implicit confidence in its success. We commend it specially to the notice of Iron Manufacturers throughout the country.-(Pottsville Journal.

ANGEL CHILD.

"Of such is the Kingdom of Heaven."

The death of a child awakens an emotion of grief which is concentrated in the heart of its parents, but which is seldom deeply diffused throughout the circle of even their intimate friends, much less through the mass of society. The world does not mourn for those who die young, yet it is often said that they are the ones "whom the gods love," that "of such is the Kingdom of Heaven."

Why should not the death of a child awaken a deeper feeling? Why should the world be indifferent to those whom the gods love? Why should mankind pay so little respect to the emblems of the Kingdom of Heaven?

Hallowed are the hours of childhood; hallowed its associations, its innocence, its singleness of heart, its love, its joy, its Angelguarded existence. God grant that its freshness of feeling, like the waving of Angel-wings beside the well of everlasting life, may be prolonged in harmony with the experience of years—that “Arcadia may be always in man, and man always in Arcadia.”*

These reflections were suggested on the perusal of the following beautiful lines, full of tones of tenderness, coming from a heart overflowing with that freshness of feeling which indicates the Arcadian life of truth and poetry enjoyed by the fair authoress. With naive and charming modesty she says:

* Jean Paul.

"These simple lines came impromptu from my heart upon learning the death of little Georgie. That they are very imperfect I am aware, but they express so truthfully my feelings, I cannot refrain from offering them to his dear afflicted mother."

It is a tribute of consolation to the bereaved mother, wife of Dr. P, of St. Louis, on the death of their only child.

Dear little babe! thy while on earth

Was like a flower of noon-day birth,
Too delicate and sweetly fair

To live, tho' nursed with tenderest care.

The purity and winning grace

And smile which lit thy fair young face,
Seemed but a loan from angel-hand,

Best fitted for the "spirit land."

We should not wish thee back, sweet child,
Tho' oft thy loveliness beguiled

Our thoughts from care, and toil, and strife,
And pointed to eternal Life.

'Twere sin to call thee from that choir,
Where now thou tun'st an Angel's Lyre,
'Tho' ne'er will fall on mother's ear,
Again the tones she joyed to hear.

Then rest thee, little one, above,

Where all is one bright scene of love;

The same High Power which gave thee birth,
Took thee, in wisdom, back from earth.

LEXINGTON, KY., 1854.

LETTIE.

MEMORY OF FRIENDS.

BY HARRY.

A varied scene, with lakes and brooks,
Is pleasant to the eye;

And clouds and birds look light and gay,

While flying through the sky

A garden filled with flowers and shrubs,
To life a pleasure lends,

But pleasanter than tongue can tell
Is the Memory of Friends.

Additions to the public domain, and the settlement and cultivation of new territories, are events which necessarily affect the industrial pursuits and social relations of the community whose limits are thus extended. Under institutions like ours where every individual may adopt the vocation most congenial to their nature, and where local interests constitute an important element of public policy, the settlement of new territories and the admission of new States into the Union afford legitimate and interesting subjects for the study of the political economist and statesman.

In discussing the subject before us, we shall omit to notice that provision in the act of Congress which authorizes the institution of slavery in these territories, and confine our views chiefly to the economical and social effects arising from the settlement of so large a district of country, embracing as it does the centre of the continent.

The first American settlements established west of the Alleghanies were made in the central region; but subsequently the stream of emigration from the Atlantic slope separated, and formed two principal currents: the one bearing south, the other north, diverging further from the center as they proceeded towards the west. This peculiarity in the progress of emigration from east to west is generally attributed, we believe, to the institution of slavery in the Southern States: but, if in connection with the enterprising and money-loving character of the American people, we consider the nature of the country and its productions from the Gulf of Mexico to the Northern Lakes, we shall perceive that these diverging currents owe their origin less to social than to national causes.

The Southern States, and the region bordering on the Northern Lakes, are favorable to the growth of certain commercial staples, and until recently their facilities of transportation eastward were much better than those enjoyed by the central region. These were inducements not likely to be overlooked by an intelligent and enterprising people. The culture of tobacco and hemp, the principal commercial staples of the central region, could not be rapidly increased without depressing the price below the cost of production, while the cereals produced in the interior, remote from navigation, would not bear transportation to market.

Hence, it is evident that the course of emigration has been governed chiefly by considerations of economy and calculations of profit on labor. The owners of slave labor emigrating from the Atlantic States moved within the range of the cotton growing region, while the more substantial, and perhaps better judging farmers of the free States settled along the shores of the Northern Lakes.

So decided and well defined has been this movement, that its effects are observable at no great distance below the Falls of the Ohio: Western Kentucky, Southern Illinois, Missouri and Arkansas having remained comparatively stationary in the development of their resources, while the northern and southern regions, and more especially the former, have increased in population, commerce and wealth to a degree unequalled perhaps in the history of man.

Having traced the currents of emigration, as hitherto observed, to physical causes, we are gratified to perceive that those causes are undergoing important modifications, and that not only the physical impediments to emigration have, in a good measure, been overcome, but the commercial facilities of the central region are. now nearly equal, all things considered, to those enjoyed by either the north or the south. Within another year we may reasonably expect that at least three lines of railway will be completed from the Atlantic to the Mississippi river, affording ample facilities to emigration and commerce. After reaching the Mississippi, emigration, still governed in its course by physical causes, will, instead of diverging north and south, as in times past, tend to the

center.

The hydrographie systems and physical conformation of that part of the continent lying between the Mississippi and the Rocky Mountains, all point with unerring certainty to such a result.

The valleys of the Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Yellow Stone, the upper Arkansas and the upper Del Norte, will from this time forth attract emigration and commerce to the central region west of the Mississippi, by causes not less certain in their operation than the law of gravitation. Already, even before the Indians have left their hunting grounds, or the surveyors have stretched a chain upon the soil, many have entered those valleys, others are on their way, and thousands are preparing to remove without seeing the land.

This extraordinary movement is attributed in part to that provision in the organic law of these territories, which recognizes the institution of slavery; but we are persuaded that it may be traced to a far deeper source-the instincts of the American people.

Individuals actuated by political and religious fanaticism may have been instrumental in organizing emigrating companies in the eastern States; but in this they have only anticipated a movement which would have taken place sooner or later without their assistance. All that was necessary to ensure the rapid settlement of these territories was the removal of the Indian tribes. The spirit of emigration is a natural and active element in the character of the race to which we belong; and the fertile region bordering on the shores of the northern lakes having become so much occupied as to have lost its attractions as a new country, nothing could be more natural or more consistent with the character of our people residing north of the cotton growing region, than to emigrate to the valleys of the Kansas and Nebraska.

If these views touching the course of emigration be correct, it is manifest that we are about to onter upon a new era in the commercial and social history of this country.

The currents of commerce rising in the valleys and plains on the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains and flowing eastwardly, will be checked in their course by the Mississippi, and there meeting with commercial currents flowing north and south, the shores of this river, in a commercial point of view, will be to the region west of it, what the shores of the Atlantic were in former times to the whole country. Hither the productions of the west-the great central region-will, necessarily, come to be exchanged for the commercial staples and fruits of the south, and direct importations of foreign merchandize following as a natural consequence, a cen