MONDAY NIGHT SESSION.

The Congress was called to order at eight o'clock by the president. The invocation was delivered by Col. R. E. Holz, Philadelphia.

President Milligan-Dr. Barrows, of New York, has a telegram to present for the consideration of the Congress.

Dr. Barrows-There is one familiar face that we have missed at this Congress. It is that of a man who has been present at every preceding Congress and whose cheerful boast has been that he has not missed a single session of any Congress that he has attended. That is our dear friend, General Brinkerhoff, one of the founders of this Association and one of its promoters from its beginning. I am sorry that he is unable to be present at this meeting and I move that we send him this telegram:

"The American Prison Association in session at Richmond sends cordial greetings and regrets that you are unable to bring to it the inspiration of your presence. It cannot forget, however, the splendid contributions you have made to the cause of prison reform in the United States."

On a rising vote the motion was adopted and the Secretary was instructed to send the telegram.

Mr. Shirer--Cuba has had an election and yesterday the Cuban delegation received the following telegram. They feel that the good word should be passed along.

"Cuban Delegation, National Prison Association, Richmond, Virginia Election held. Perfect order throughout the island. Returns indicate Liberal victory in all provinces.

The Chair announced the following committees:

On Organization: Albert Garvin, Wethersfield, Conn.; Rev. W. J. Batt, Concord Junction, Mass.; Dr. O. J. Bennett, Allegheny, Pa.; W. H. Moyer, Atlanta, Ga.; A. D. Conover, Madi

son, Wis.; Lt.-Col. A. G. Irvine, Stony Mountain, Manitoba; C. V. Collins, Albany, N. Y.; J. A. Leonard, Mansfield, Ohio; George L. Sehon, Louisville, Ky.

On Resolutions: Fred. G. Pettigrove, Boston, Mass.; Judge R. V. LaDow, Washington, D. C.; Rev. J. L. Sutton, New Orleans, La.; Mrs. Emma O'Sullivan, Toronto, Canada; Charles S. Reed, Walla Walla, Wash.

Dr. Charles R. Henderson, Illinois-On behalf of the committee appointed by this body to co-operate with our United States Commissioner, Dr. S. J. Barrows, in making arrangements for the International Prison Congress, there are three resolutions to be brought before us. It was the sense of that committee and of the Executive Committee of this Association that certain actions ought to be taken at this time looking to those arrangements. Possibly all the members and especially perhaps our visitors do not understand the relations between the American Prison Association and this International Prison Congress, which is represented here by our good friend, Dr. Barrows. He is not only United States Commissioner in charge, our official representative on the commission, but he has also been elected by that commission as president of the International Prison Congress, which will be held in Washington in 1910. It was on the invitation of the American Prison Association, at its suggestion at least, that the Congress of the United States extended this official invitation to the International Prison Commission. You will remember that it is entirely appropriate that we should do this because it was one of our own esteemed members who suggested the International Prison Congress itself, and not only suggested it but worked for it, traveling from capital to capital in Europe until the purpose was accomplished. Therefore the invitation of our government was very cordially accepted by the International Commission at Budapest in 1905. The three resolutions are as follows:

Resolved, In view of the fact that Congress has, at the request of the American Prison Association, invited the International Prison Commission to hold its Congress in the United States, in the year 1910, that the Executive Committee be instructed to adopt the program of the International Congress as our program for that year.

Resolved, That the committee appointed to arrange for the International Prison Congress be given authority to add to its membership as seems to it desirable.

Resolved, That we respectfully ask Congress to make suitable provision for the preparatory work of the International Prison Commission and for the entertainment of the Congress as asked for in the estimates of the State Department, and we pledge the cordial co-operation of the American Prison Association in making the meeting at Washington a memorable success.

All the above resolutions were unanimously adopted.

Major R. W. McClaughry, Kansas-I move the adoption of the following resolution concerning the death of William Tallack:

Resolved, by the American Prison Association, That this Association has learned with great regret of the death of Mr. William Tallack of London, England, which occurred in September last, and takes this opportunity to place on record its appreciation of his life-long and valuable service in the cause of prison reform. He has been an indefatigable worker with tongue and pen and the effect of his work has been felt on two continents.

The motion, seconded by Timothy Nicholson, was adopted.

Chaplain D. H. Tribou, Pennsylvania, moved that if any member of the committee on resolutions should leave the city, he should name a successor to act in his place on that committee. The motion was seconded and adopted.

On motion of the Rev. D. J. Starr, of Ohio, Mr. M. J. Sloan and Bishop Fallows were named as additional members of the committee on the subject of remunerating prisoners for their labor in penal institutions.

President Milligan-Mr. Hallam F. Coates, a member of the Board of Managers of the Ohio State Reformatory, will now take charge of the meeting as president of the Association of Governing Boards.

THE ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNING BOARDS.

Mr. Coates-This convention marks the first anniversary of the American Prison Congress and the first formal meeting of the Association of Governing Boards.

The Association of Governing Boards is composed of the governors, managers, trustees and inspectors of the penal, reformatory and preventive institutions. Our purpose is to have a place in the annual conventions of the American Prison Association with a program which will have a particular bearing upon our respective duties. We come here to learn and take back with us to our home institutions the best thoughts and the latest plans set out by the various papers.

There has been some change in the printed program, owing to the death of Dr. Shirley Bragg, president of Inspectors of Convicts of Alabama, on the 29th instant, and the enforced absence owing to pressing duties of state of Governor N. B. Broward. We have in their places an address by Mr. Grotophorst, president of the Wisconsin State Board of Control and a valuable paper by Dr. Henderson, of the University of Chicago.

We will have the pleasure of hearing first from Mr. Grotophorst.

THE WISCONSIN STATE BOARD OF CONTROL.

HERMAN GROTOPHORST, MADISON, WIS.

As has been announced, I am simply here as a substitute. I have volunteered to speak a few words on the centralized system, or the system of governing all state reformatory, charitable and penal institutions by one board. We have heard a great deal about how wardens should govern prisons and superintendents should govern reformatories, but it is important to know how wardens and superintendents should be governed.

In every State we have delinquents, dependents and defectives. The State that employs the best method of caring for these classes stands the highest in morality and intelligence. Since the care of these classes imposes a burden upon the tax

payers, such burden ought to be made as light as possible. The question naturally arises-which is the best method of taking care of these institutions?

I desire to tell you briefly what the Wisconsin system is. I do not desire to criticise any other system, nor to proselyte for the Wisconsin system, but I shall endeavor to point out why in Wisconsin we have the single board or centralized system, why we like it and why we retain it.

As I have said before, in Wisconsin we have a single Board of Control. It has charge of all the charitable, reformatory and penal institutions. In some states, like Illinois, there are some sixteen or seventeen boards. Each institution has its own board of trustees and there is a general board that visits and inspects all of the institutions and makes such recommendations as it deems advisable. As a rule, these latter boards are clothed with but little power. They can recommend that certain changes be made in the policy of governing the institution, but have no power to enforce such recommendations. In Wisconsin, however, we have one board, consisting of five members, one of whom is a woman. The law provides that at least one member of the board shall belong to the minority party. The members of the board are appointed by the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate. Each member is appointed for five years and receives two thousand dollars per annum as salary and all necessary expenses. We have with us in this audience the woman member of the Wisconsin board and I think I voice the sentiment of all the other members when I say that we are proud of our woman member, Dr. Almah J. Frisby. We have received a great many good ideas from her.

You will understand that the management of these institutions takes all the time of the members of the board. The law requires that they shall give their entire time to the performance of their official duties.

Let us see what are the duties of the State Board of Control. In the first place, the board appoints the superintendents of the State hospitals and of the schools, such as the School for the Blind and the School for the Deaf, the Industrial School for Boys and the State Public School for Dependent and Neglected Chil