a

Book of the Church” is intended to be, and is, , lent party, who identify church and state, father's throne, and acquire greater power than any a panegyric upon the Church Establishment and cling to them as if they formed indeed of the Anglo-Saxon princes had possessed before of England. The author distinctly avows their rock of temporal salvation. Now what him; and he asked of him, in requital for these

happy fore-tidings, that when they should be fulhis purpose. He conceives that so many of proof can be so cogent, as to force upon the Glled, he would listen to instructions which would his countrymen would not be insensible to, belief an absurdity so great, as that Mr then be offered to him, and which vrould lead him and ungrateful for, the benefits which they Southey, in composing this work, felt and into the way of eternal life. This Edwin readily derive from their church, if they knew how wrote as a strictly impartial historian. On promised; with that the stranger laid his hand upon many and how vast these benefits are, “and the other hand, he knows well, that the the head of the royal exile, saying, When this sign

shall be repeated, remember what has passed beat how dear a price they were purchased for sources of information to which he must tween us now, and perform the word which you our inheritance; by what religious exertions, resort are accessible to all; that the facts have given. what heroic devotion, what precious lives, upon which he must rely are seldom obscure

Edwin afterwards subdued bis enemies, consumed in pious labours, wasted away in and uncertain, and that he will be watched recovered his kingdom, and married a chrisdungeons, or offered up amid the flames.” by those, whose ability and zeal it must be He has written his work, and now offers it difficult to elude. One would suppose, there- tian princess. One day, while he was medito fathers, and all who with parental feel fore, that he would lean strongly to the side tating in solitude, Paulinus, a missionary ings discharge parental duties, because a of his church; that his statements would be from Rome, entered the room, knowledge of these things

coloured, and a few obvious facts and prin- and laying his hand upon the king's head, asked might arm the young heart against the pestilent ciples overlooked, and a little ingenuity him if he remembered that token ? Startled at the errors of these distemperel times. I offer, there exerted in its favour. But it could

not be appeal, as if a spirit was before him, the king fell fore, to those who regard with love and reverence expected, that he would go beyond the de- at his feet, Behold,' said, Paulinus, raising

him

up, 'thou hast, through God's favour, escaped from the religion which they have received from their bateable land, which bounds the region of the enemies of whom thou wert in fear! Behold, fathers, a brief but comprehensive record, diligent- strict historical accuracy, nor withhold all through God's favour, thou hast recovered thy kingly, faithfully, and conscientiously

composed, which the truths which make against him, por ad- don, and obtained the pre-eminence which was they toay put into the hands of their children. Herein it will be seen from what heathenish delu- vance any argument which should not be promised thee ! Remember now thine own promise, sions and inhuman rites the inhabitants of this plausible, nor

any assertion which could be and observe it; that He, who hath elevated thee to

this temporal kingdom, may deliver thee also from island have been delivered by the Christian faith; said and proved to be a downright false- eternal misery, and take thee to live and reign with in what manner the best interests of the country hood. A perusal of the work would realize himself eternally in heaven!” Edwin, overcome as were advanced by the clergy even during the dark such expectations.

if by miracle, hesitated no longer. He called his est ages of papal domination; the errors and crimes of the Romish Church, and how, when its corrup

The narration begins with the religion of chiefs to council, that, if they could be persuaded

to think and believe as he did, they might be baptions were at the worst, the day-break of the Refor- the ancient Britons. Some account is then tized at the same time : and when they were asmation appeared among us: the progress of that given of the religion and philosophy of the sembled, he required then each to deliver his Reformation through evil and through good; the Romans, and of the doctrines and rites of opinion concerning the new religion which was establishment of a church pure in its doctrines, the Danes and Anglo-Saxons. The history preached among them, and the propriety of receive irreproachable in its order, beautiful in its forms; of the introduction and establishment of inget: and the conduct of that church proved, both in ad

Coifi, the Chief Priest of Northumbria, was the verse and in prosperous times, alike faithful to its christianity into England, is exceedingly first who spake : · As for what the religion is, which principles when it adhered to the monarchy during interesting. Unquestionably many circum- is now propounded to us," he said, "O King, see a successful rebellion, and when it opposed the stances of that period, related by the monk thou to it! For my part, I will assert, what i cermonarch who would have brought back the Romish ish historians of a later age, are to be con- tainly know, that that which we have hitherto held, superstition, and, together with the religion, would sidered as resting upon slight authority: there is no one who has given himself more dili

is good for nothing. For among all thy people, have overthrown the liberties of Eogland.

Enough, however, is certain, to astonish gently to the worship of our gods than 1; and yet Sectarians will of course be governed by one with the rapid progress and wide spread many have received greater benefits, and obtained their respective partialities in judging of the of christianity in its earliest ages. Perhaps higher dignities, and prospered better in whatever merits and character of this work. They who no single instance is more striking than the they undertook. But if these gods had possessed love and veperate the Church of England, conversion of the king and people of North- any power, they would rather have assisted me, who will regard it as a candid, eloquent, and umbria. Edwin had been driven from his have endeavoured so carefully to serve them. If, irreproachable history of their church ; throne in childhood, by Ethelfrith, and ded ceived that these new things, of which we are told,

therefore, after due examination, you have perwhile the dissenters, wbose “ pestilent er- to Redwald, king of East Anglia, who, after are better, and more efficacious, let us, without derors” it is intended to beat down, will be protecting him for some years, was about to lay, hasten to adopt them.' disposed to bring against the author a heavy comply with the demand of Ethelfrith, and

Another speaker delivered an opinion, more charge of guile and falsehood. Our opinion give him up.

creditable to his disposition and understanding lies between these; and is precisely that

than that which had been given by the Chief Priest :

This resolution was taken at night-fall, and im- 'O King, the present life of man, when considered which a consideration of Dr Southey's mediately communicated to Edwin by a faithful in relation to that which is to come, may be likened character, condition, and avowed object friend, who went to his chamber, called bim out of to a sparrow flying through the ball, wherein you would have led us to form, if, we had never doors, exhorted him to fly, and offered to guide him and your chiefs and servants are seated at supper, seen his book. He stands forth the cham. to a place of safety.

in winter time: the hearth blazing in the centre, pion of his church ;-and it must be remem- petual danger and anxiety of a wandering life. To and rain or snow; the bird flies through, entering at

But Edwin would not again encounter the per- and the viands smoking, while without is the storm bered, that he is enthusiastic, and wants, in Hly, he said, would be a breach of confidence on his one door, and passing out at the other; he feels not his valour, its better part, and often merges part; be had trusted to the Uffinga Redwald, who, the weather during the little minute that he is withhis judgment in his feelings, and is the same as yet, bad offered him no wrong; and if he were in; but after that minute he returns again to winman now, as when, at the age of twenty-one, Cfinga hinsell than by an ignoble hand. And, Such is the life of man; and of what follows it, or

to be delivered up, better that it should be by the ter, as from winter he came, and is seen no more. he wrote Wat Tyler, and, after his years indeed, whither could he betake himself, after hav. of what has preceded it, we are altogether ignorant. were doubled, wrote and published a letter ing, for so many years, in vain sought an asylum Wherefore, if this new doctrine should bring any to a member of parliament, in defence of through all the provinces of Britain Resolving, thing more certain, it well deserves to be followed this ipost miserable farce. He is the cham- theretore, to abide bis fate, whatever it might be, The rest of the assembly signified their assent to the pion of the church, and its enemies are his he sate down mournfully upon a stone before the change; and it was then proposed by Coifi, that enemies; the sungrateful” and “disaffect- palace, when a venerable person, in a strange habit, Paulinus should fully explain to them the nature

is said to have accosted him, and inquired where of the new religion, which they were called upon ed” to the hierarchy are also disaffected to fore he was sitting there, and keeping watch at an to receive. When the prelate had concluded bis him, and do what in them iies to stain bis hour when all other persons were asleep? Edwin discourse, the Chief Priest exclaimed, that he had good name, by the exposire of all his errors omewhat angrily, replied, that it could be no con- long understood the vanity of their old worship, beand faults. Moreover Dr Southey is hon- cern of his whether he chose to pass the night with cause the more be sought to discover its truth, the oured by the institutions incorporated with that he know the cause, and bade him be of good tars and temples of the idols, and the sacred inclo

in doors or without. But the stranger made answer, less he found; he proposed, therefore, that the althat church, and his temporal interests are cheer, for Redwald certainly would not betray him; sures in which they stood, should be overthrown strictly the same with those of that preva-lhe assured him further, that he should regain his! and burnt. The king demanded of him who ought 358

therefore the suffering part) regard, with grateful :|ject to any secular authority, seeing that they could The truth is, that the idea of toleration devotion, a power, under whose protection they create God their creator !

had not yet found its way from heaven into slept four nights of the week in peace, when other- Christ bad bestowed upon the pope, when he wise they would have been in peril every hour.: spake as such, the same infallibility which resided men's hearts; bigotry, fierce, intolerant, and The same power by which individuals were thus in himself

. And were he utterly to neglect his persecuting, was the common reproach of benefited, was not unfrequently exercised in great duty, and by his misconduct drag down innumer- all those who had the power of exhibiting it. national concerns; if the monarch were endangered able souls to Hell with him, there to be eternally A wiser and better principle may have been or oppressed either by a foreign enemy, or by a tormented, no mortal man might presume to reprove planted there, but it repiped in other ages, combination of his Barons, here was an authority him for his faults. Even this monstrous proposis and was of tardy and imperfect growth. We 10 which he could resort for an effectual interposition has been advanced, that, aluiough the catholic tion in his behalf; and the same shield was extended taith teaches all virtue to be gnosi, and all vice evil; suppose that few of the descendants of the over the vassals, when they called upon the pope 10 nevertheless, if the pope, through error. should en- puritans will be indignant at the assertion, defend them against a wrongful exertion of the sove- join vices to be committed, and prohibit virtues, the that our fathers brought with them, and exreign power.

church would be bound to believe that vices were ercised upon each other, a spirit of intoler

good, and virtues evil, and would sin in conscience ance akin to that from which they fled. The The reverse of this picture calls forth all were it to believe otherwise. He could change the the author's powers. His eloquent exposure nature of things, and make injustice justice. Nor" Lords Brethren" wore not the mitres of of the horrible falsehoods and villanies of was it possible that he should be amenable to any the “Lords Bishops," but they were not the church must satisfy the most violent secular power, for he had been called God by Con- far behind them in a spirit of persecution,

stantine, and God was not to be judged by man: hater of the papacy. The seven-billed city under God, the salvation of all the faithful de pe nded her church peculiar glory from the reforma

nor do we know why England can claim for is to him a moral and spiritual Gehenna;- on him, and the commentators even gave him the tion. This was a glorious event, and they and one cannot but thin as he reads the blaspbemous appellation of Lord God the Pope! It closing paragraphs of this chapter, that Mr was ilisputed in the schools, whether he could not who forwarded it are worthy to be held in Southey must have permitted the works of abrogate what the apostles had enjoined, determine everlasting remembrance; but they were unauthorized writers to inculpate the church an opinion, contrary to theirs, and add a new article not Englishmen alone. A change so wide,

to the creed; whether he did not, as God, partici- so boundless in its range and in its effects, of Rome further than justice would allow, pate both natures with Chrlst; and whether he and have thrown upon this church an entire were not more merciful than Christ, inasmuch as Wickliffe have due honour; but let it be

was not the result of partial causes. Let responsibility for the monstrous errors and he delivered souls from the pains of purgatory, crimes of individuals. We refer to such whereas we did not read that this had ever been remembered that Huss, and Jerome of

done by our Saviour. Lastly, it was afirmed, that Prague, and Luther, and many noble spirits passages as these:

he might do things unlawful, and thus could do 1 of many nations toiled and died for the same If the boundless credulity of mankind be a mourn- more than God!

cause in which he and his brethren laboured. ful subject for consideration, as in truth it is, it is All this was certain, because the church was in. yet more mournful to observe the profligate wick. fallible. Where this infallibility resided, the Ro

We are unable to follow Mr Soutbey edness with which that credulity has been abused. manists have differed among themselves, some vest- through his second volume, and must omit The Church of Rome appears to have delighted in ing it in the pope, others requiring the concurrence much that we proposed to say of this part of insulting as well as in abusing it, and to have pleas- of a General Council, Intállible, however, it was his work. It is in a high degree interesting, ed itself with discovering how far it was possible determined that the Roman Catholic Church must and, as a history, is undoubtedly in general to subdue and degrade the human intellect. as an be, and thus the key-stone was put to this prodigious correct; but some of his views and stateeastern despot measures his own greatness by the structure of imposture and wickedness. servile prostration of his subjects. If farther proof

It may be that this language is well de- ments, which we cannot stop to particuthan has already appeared were needful, it would

larize, appear to us erroneous. We have be found in the prodigious doctrine of Transubstan. served; but, after all, this Roman Church been perplexed by bis never citing his autiation. This astonishing doctrine arose from taking was identified with the Church of England thorities, even when he speaks of facts ises do not shrink from the direct inference, that if respect, but where shall the line be drawn? Indeed he scarcely refers to any work or figurative words in a literal sense ; and the Roman for many centuries. We ask it not in dis, which he cannot consider well established. their interpretation be just, Christ took his own Where is the history to begin which is to writer, excepting some articles in the Quarbody in his own hands, and offered it to his disci- shed upon the Church of England the ancesples. But all minor difficulties may easily be over

terly Review, which are known to be his looked, when the flagrant absurdity of the doctrine tral and heritable glory which Mr Southey

He gives no other reason for this itself is regarded. For, according to the Church declares it to be his purpose lo illustrate. of Rome, when words of consecration have been If the first of these volumes speaks of the is not one which would require or justify 2

neglect, than that the “scale of the work pronounced, the bread becomes that same actual Church of England, then let the reader rebody of flesh and blood in which our Lord and member 'he passages just quoted. But if

display of research,"—which is altogether Saviour suffered upon the Cross; remaining bread

insufficient. to the sight, touch, and taste, yet ceasing to be so.- the Church of England begins its existence and into how many parts soever the bread may be with the reformation of king Henry VIII., broken, the whole entire body is contained in every let us look at this beginning. Henry him- Antiquarinn Researches : comprising a Hispart.

self, with Cranmer and his associates, are to Of all the corruptions of christianity, there was be supposed the founders of this church ;

tory of the Indian Wars in the Country none which the popes so long hesitated to sanction but, -to particularize nothing more, -in

bordering Connecticut River and Paris When the question was brought before

Adjacent, and other. Interesting Events, Hildebrand, he not only inclined to the opinion or what light Mr Southey regards the doctrine

from the first Landing of the Pilgrims, Berenger, by whom it was opposed, but pretended of Substantiation, we have seen, and how

to the Conquest of Canada by the English, to consult the Virgin Mary, and then declared, that zealously the earliest English reformers she had pronounced against it. Nevertheless, it clung to this doctrine, let the horrors of

in 1760 : with Notices of Indian Depre

dations in the Neighbouring Country: prevailed, and was finally declared, by Innocent III., at the fourth Lateran Council, to be a tenet

“ The Lollards pit," and the torment and and of the first Planting and Progress of necessary to salvation. Strange as it may appear, martyrdom of Anne Askew, testify. Most

Settlements in New England, New York, the doctrine bad become popular,—with the people, true it is, that Cranmer and his brethren in

and Canada. By E. Hoyt, Esq. Greenfor its very extravagance-with the clergy, because martyrdom abjured this error before their tield, Mass. 1824. 8vo. pp. 312. they grounded upon it their loftiest pretensions. glorious deaths; but it is not less true, that Collections of the New Hampshire HistoriFor if there were in the sacraient this actual and these venerable men deserved the rebuke entire sole presence, which they denoted by the term

cal Society, for the Year 1824. Volume I. of transubstantiation, it followed that divine worship cast upon them by Joan Bocher.

Concord, N. H. 1824. 8vo. pp. 336. was something more than a service of prayer and • It is a goodly matter to consider your ignorance ! thanksgiving;

an actual sacrifice was performed in said the undauvted woman, 10 those who sate in The early bistory of our country has lately it, wherein they affirmed the Saviour was again judgment on her. Not long ago you burnt Anne become an object of increasing curiosity offered up, in the same boriy which had suffered on Ascue for a piece of bread, and yet canle your

nd interest to the public. The years, the Cross, by their hands. The priest, when he selves soon after to believe and profess the same dor which have elapsed since the Pilgrims first performed this stupendous function of his ministry, trine, for wbich you burnt her! And now, forsooth, planted the standard of civil and religious bad before his eyes, and held in his hands, the you will needs bum me for a piece of flesh, -and Maker of Heaven and Earth ; and the inference and in the end you will come to believe this also liberty on the iron-bound shores of New which they deduced from so blasphemous an as- when ye have read the Scriptures, and understand England, have been slowly obliterating the sumption was, that tbe clergy were not to be sub-them!

scattered original records of their individ

Own.

as this.

359

a

val character and conduct. Two centuries | suggested by the perusal of such works as I 2001 estates, according to the proportion which such have gradually deepened the obscurity, those whose titles stand at the head of this men used to pay, to whom such apparel is suitable

and allowed whicb involves the minute history of the article. They differ in character, as weli olden times, and enlarged the shadowy as in the degree of interest which they are The following, though a quotation from precincts, within which imagination inay likely to excite, but the main object, that another writer, we notice here, as worthy range with that freedom, which is obstruct. of preserving and rendering accessible of the consideration of those, who imagine ed by the dull realities of the present. The what is known of the early history of New that the standard of education is lower, in forms of our fathers loom tiirough the haze England, is the saine.

some of our colleges, at this day, than it of antiquity, which rests on the intellectual We have read Mr Hoyt's book with a

was in that of Cotton Mather, because the horizon, concealing the thousand details, great deal of interest, and cheerfully re- professors do not talk Latin fluently and which fetter the energies and chill the ar. cominend it to the public. To the general quote the ancients on all occasions, whether dour of fancy, and presenting only the reader we think it will be more amusing in season or out of it. grander features of the prospect.

than any history of the period with which Sir Henry Saville, in the preamble of the deed The situation and circumstances of the we are acquainted. The style is easy and by which he annexed a salary to the mathematical planters of New England, during the first agreeable; the accounts of various writers and astronomical professors in Oxford, says geomsixty or seventy years of the colonies, are digested in a judicious and pleasing etry was almost totally abandoned and unknown in

England. The best learning of the age was the were of a peculiar character, and such as manner, while some particulars are sup- study of the ancients. take a strong hold upon the imagination. plied, which we believe can be found in no They were stirring times in which our other publication. The writer passes light defence of the morality and expediency of a

We cannot agree with the author in his ancestors lived, and this peaceable, calculat- ly over many portions of our annals, which bounty on Indian scalps. The effect of such ing, and realizing land was once the very are of a more dry and uninteresting char- a practice on the minds of the scalp-huntcountry of romance.

acter, and dwells at greater length on those What adventure indeed could be more particulars which are likely to gratify those in cold blood, the captives who were una

ers-the temptation thus held forth to slay, wild, than that of the passengers in the who read only for amusement. We think, ble to keep up with the victorious party; May-Flower, and what language would therefore, that it will be a popular work, and the example given to the natives, seem have been thought too extravagant to de- and hope the author will enjoy, as we think to us powertul considerations against it. As scribe it, had it been unsuccessful. Such a he deserves, the opportunity of a second a measure of expediency it seems to have project, undertaken at such hazards and edition, to present it to the public

freed been feeble. Though the bounty offered with such means, would be looked upon, at from the various typographical errors to for single scalps was occasionally enormous, this day, as utter madness. Indeed the which he alludes, and in a more elegant

-on one occasion, we believe, a hundred Pilgrims themselves considered their suc- torm than it is at present. cess as the result of a direct and special After these general remarks, we shall no

pounds,—but a small amount on the whole interposition of Providence. The first set- tice a few things which may amuse or in- barbarous trophies; and we hope, for the

seems ever to have been paid for those tlers did not, it is true, traverse the coun- terest our readers, as they occurred to us honour of human nature, that it was betry with good steed, lance, and brand, in in the course of our perusal.

cause there were few to ask for it. Melansearch of captive knights or distressed dam- Among the collection of laws framed by choly must be the state of that country, sels, but their conduct and their language Ward and Cotton, and accepted by the which has no better defenders than those who was often little less extravagant. Their magistrates in 1641, which were copied al- are ready to bunt and mangle human beings enemies appeared in a different, but scarce- most literally from those of Moses, is the for a price. Much cruelty is doubtless inly a more questionable shape. They were following.

separable from a warfare conducted with not giants, or og res, ensconced in castles of

Men betrothed and not married, or newly mar. savages. The passions are necessarily exsteel and defended by attendant sprites; ried, or such as bave newly, built or planted, and cited to a degree unknown in the technical but savage warriors, swift of foot and subtle not received the fruits of their labour, and such as and mechanical combats of civilized arof mind, lurking in trackless forests and are faint-hearted men, are not to be pressed or forced against their wills, to go forth to wars.

mies and many horrible examples of this swamps, and assisted, as our ancestors most religiously believed, by the devil Spectres If these were ever really carried into feelings with which a scalp is stripped from

are in every history of this kind. But the and witchcraft were received articles of execution, it seems remarkable, in the first belief, and, with the sword in one hand and place, that any person should have been are of another character, and such as we

a dying enemy, to be preserved for barter, the Bible in the other, our progenitors pressed or forced against his will to go trust were rare in the darkest days of New waged war alike against the visible and in- forth to wars;” and secondly, that if such a England. We have alluded to the bittervisible world. principle was acknowledged, exceptions of

ness of the passions, which occasionally The character of the aborigines is now such a nature should have been admitted. likewise regarded with the interest which it The framers of the code were probably the following is an instance. In Captain

prevailed among the partisans of the time. deserves. They were once considered as better acquainted with the book of Deuter- Lovewell's battle at Pigwacket, his lieutenlittle better than the brutal tenants of the onomy than the real state and exigencies ant, Robbins, who, by the way, had been a soil; as a race cowardly, treacherous, mind- of the colony. And again.

scalp-hunter, was wounded and we are ful of injuries, but insensible to benefits,

And in war, men of a corrupt and false religion told that whose ferocity could never be tamed and are not to be accepted, much less sought for.

conscious of his fate, he requested his companions their affections never secured. But this was a false representation. More atten! Truly we wonder our ancestors did not to load his gun, that he might despatch another of tive consideration has shown that their ag carry the parable so far as to fight against the enemy, should he return to the spot.

We select the following as a specimen of gressions were rarely unprovoked, and Sassacus' fort with ram's horns ; it would

have been little less extravagant, when we our author's manner of writing. We wish that, in the fury of contest, there were some who remembered and repaid future consider that those under “a covenant of the story had been more to the credit of benefits. If some of the alleviations of works” were looked upon as men of a the colonial government. civilized warfare were unknown among corrupt and false religion.”

But prior to the termination of the war Miantonithem, some of its worst features

There was more worldly wisdom in the moh invaded the Mohegans with nine hundred of his equally absent, and among the anecdotes, sumptuary law, which directed the select- warriors ; l'ncas met him at the head of five hundred

of his men, on a large plain; both prepared for acwhich have come down to us, of the chief men of each town

tion, and advanced within bow shot. Before the tains who figured in those eventful times, to take notice of the apparel of any of the in: conflict commenced, Uncas advanced singly and many may compare with those of Spartan judge to exceed their rank and abilities, in the cost- ber of men with you, and so have I with me; it is

habitants, and to assess such persons as they shall thus addressed his antagonist. You have a numor Roman greatness.

liness or fashion of their apparel, in any respect, a great pity that such brave warriors should be killConsiderations like these are naturally I especially in wearing ribbons and great boots, at led in a private quarrel between us. Come like a

were

.

360

man, as you profess to be, and let us fight it out. his delusive conduct, seized and disarmed the whole the case stood, or rather hung with their If you kill me, my, men shall be yours; but if I kill without the loss of a man. Wonalonset, the chief,

squaw horse, who un horsed their mare and you, your men shall be mine. Miantonimoh re: with lis Pennacooks, and others who had agreed brought her to her

former tameness.” plied, ' my men came to fight, and they shall fight.' on the peace, were released: the others being fugi

The latter part of this story, we observe Uncas instantly fell upon the ground, and his vien tives from Philip, were retained prisoners, to the poured a shower of arrows upon the Narragansets number of about two hundred, and afterwards sent en passant, which speaks of the iron-heels, and with a borrible yell, advanced rapidly upon to Boston, and seren or eight of their leaders hang- rather forgets the beginning, which would them and put them to fight. . Uncas and his mened; the remainder were sold into siavery in for- seem to imply that the animal had been pressed on and drove them down a precipice, scat- eign parts.

long enougb in the woods to get clear of tering them in all directions. Niantonimoh was Truly the contriver of this abominable her shoes. overtaken and seized by Uncas, who by a shout deception had his reward.

The work remaining to be noticed in called back bis furious warriors. About thirty Narragansetts were slain, and many wounded, The seizure of the Indians by Major Waldron this articie, is the first fruits of the New among whom were several noted chiefs. Finding was not forgotten. Some who had been sold into Hampshire Historical Society. The great himself in the hands of his implacable enemy, slavery abroad, had found means to return home, benefit; which has accrued to the interests Miantonimoh remained

silent, nor could Uncas, by and with impatience awaited an opportunity to re- of literature and science, by the division of any art, force him to break his sullen mood. Had venge themselves. A confederacy was formed by you taken me,' said the conqueror, * I should have the Pennacooks and Pigwackets, and soine others, literary labour effected by various associaasked you for my life. No reply was made by to surprise Waldron and his neighbours at Dover. tions, is too well understood and appreciatthe indignant chief, and he submitted without a The place was then defended by five garrisoneg od to need any consideration in this place. murmur to his humiliating condition. He was af- houses,

situated on each side

of the river, in which we may only observe that the objects of terwards conducted to Hartford, by his conqueror, the people generally secured themselves

in the the various historical and antiquarian soand delivered to the English, by whom he was held night. But as the Indians were frequently in the

cieties in this country are particularly in duress, until his fate should be determined by town for the purpose of trading with the people, no the commissioners of the colonies.

suspicions were entertained of their hostile plan, praiseworthy. Much has thus been already After an examination of his case, the commis. and the guards had become very remiss.

preserved, that would long since have probsioners resolved, “That as it was evident that Uncas The night of the twenty-seventh of June was ably been lost to the world and much more could not be safe while Miantonimoh lived; but chosen for carrying their plan into excution. In will doubtless be collected, that is now in either by secret treachery, or open force, his life the evening two Indian women were admitted into would be constantly in danger, he might justly put several of the garrisoned houses, which gave them a fair way to become so. such a false and blood-thirsty enemy to death; but an opportunity of observing the manner in which Among the various interesting articles this was to be done out of the English jurisdiction, the gates were opened. They informed Major contained in this work, we shall notice one and without cruelty or torture.' Miantoaimoh was Waldron that a number of Indians would arrive or two which we think particularly so. delivered to Uncas

, and by a number of his trusty the next day to trade with him; and an Indian Nearly half the volume is occupied by a men marched to the spot, where he was captured, then

at the house, hospitably, entertained, said to reprint of Penhallow's Narrative of Indian attended by two Englishmen, to see that no torture the Major, while at supper, Brother. what would Wars from 1703 to 1726, a book so exceedwas inflicted; and the moment that he arrived at you do if the strange Indians should come.' Walthe fatal spot, one of Uncas' men came up behind, dron replied, that he would assemble one hundred ing scarce, that it was with great difficulty and with his hatchet split the scull of the unfortu- men by the motion of his hand. No suspicions that a perfect copy could be found in the nate chief. It is stated that the savage Uncas then however were excited by these insinuations, and country. It is an entertaining account, but, cut out a piece of the shoulder of the dead body, the family retired to repose. In a short time a like all other original accounts, is too freand ate it, with triumph, exclaiming. It is the large body of Indians entered the towni. Waldoon's quently such as to be little creditable

to the sweetest meat I ever ate; it makes my heart gate was opened, and they rushed into his room.

66 When I strong! The body was buryed on the spot, and Springing from his bed, and seizing his sword, he morality of the first settlers. a heap of stones piled upon the grave. The place drove them back, but as he was returning for his asked one of the chief sachems,” says Pensince that time has been known by the name of gun, be was stunned by the stroke of a hatchet hallow, wherefore it was that they were Sachen's Plain, and is situated in the town of Nor-drawn into his hall, and seating him in a chair, so bigotted to the French, considering their wich in Connecticut.

they asked, "Who shall judge Indians now. They traffic with them was not so advantageous

then proceeded to torment him, by cutting his body Horrible as the action of Uncas on this and face in the most horrid manner; and at length as with the English ? he gravely replied, occasion must appear to every one, it was despatched him, took the other people, pillaged the that the friars taught them to pray, but that of a savage, wbose education had not house, and set it on fire.

the English never did,” and he admits taught him better things; and we have no The author, while speaking of the Indian that the argument was well founded. hesitation in considering it less worthy of deer traps (which were made by bending Among other stories in this account, we detestation, than the treacherous conduct down a sapling, having a loop affixed to the have one of the conduct of an Indian at Cocheco, of Major Waldron, a man edu- end, and securing it so as to be easily dis- widow, which shows that the natives were cated under the light of christianity, and engaged by an animal passing through it) not always without a certain share of what one of place and authority among a people alludes to an anecdote related, in a very lu- Touchstone calls, “natural philosophy." who valued themselves upon the purity of dicrous manner, by Wood in his New Eng- Samuel Butterfield, who being sent to Groton as their religion. The account is thus given land's Prospect. As one of our principal a soldier, was with others attacked as they were by Mr Hoyt.

aims in this Gazette is to amuse our read. gathering in the harvest ; his bravery was such,

ers, we shall extract the account from that he killed one and wounded another, but being Hostilities, which had extended along the sea

overpowered by strength, was forced to submit; coast into Maine, still continued, and most

of the Wood, though not particularly to the pur- and it happened that the slain Indian was a saga. settlements in that quarter partook of the general pose of this review.

more, and of great dexterity in war, whicb caused calamity. The Massachusetts forces were now at “ An English mare, having strayed from a matter of lamentation, and enraged them to such liberty to turn their arms in that direction; and her owner, and grown wild by her long so- a degree that they vowed the utmost revenge: some were sent to Cocheco, where they joined Major with the wild crew, stumbled intoone of these submitted the issue to the Squaw Widow, concludCaptains Sill and Hawthorn, with two companies, journing in the woods, ranging up and down were for whipping him to death, others for burning

him alive, but differing in their sentiments, they Waldron at that place. At this time about four hundred Indians bad assembled in the vicinity of traps, which stopt her speed, hanging her, ing she would determine something very dreadful; the Major's house, part of whom were Pennacooks, like Mahomet's tomb, betwixt earth and but when the matter was opened, and the fact conwho had agreed on terms of peace, but now began heaven; the morning being come, the Insidered, her spirits were so moderate as to make to show a hostile spirit. Sill and Hawthorn were dians went to look what good success their no other reply than Fortune L'guerre. Upon desirous of attacking them, but the Major finally venison traps had brought them, but seeing if by killing him, you can bring my husband to

which some were uneasy, to whom she answered, devised a plan to seize them by a stratagem. He such a long-scutted deer prance in their life again, i beg you to study what death you proposed to the Indians a training and sham-light the next day. With the forces he had with him, merritotter, they bade her good morrow, please ; but if not, let him be my servant;' which he was to join the two companies of Sill and Haw- crying out, “What cheer, what cheer, Eng- he accordingly was, during his captivity, and had thorn, which were to form one party, and the In- lishman's squaw horse ?” having no better favor shewn him. dians the other, and the latter agreed to the play: epithet than to call her a woman-horse; We suspect that Butterfield was comely of At the time appointed the parties met, and Wali but being loth to kill her and as fearful to aspect, as well as strong of arm. dron, as commander, diverted them some time, and received their harmless fire; he then contrived to approach the friscadoes of her iron-heels, We were much interested by the last surround them, and closing in his troops, changed they posted to the English to tell them how I will and testament of Standish, the famous

1

ual character and conduct. Two centuries suggested by the perusal of such works as 2001 estates, according to the proportion which such have gradually deepened the obscurity, those whose titles stand at the head of this men used to pay, to whom such apparel is suitable

and allowed which involves the minute history of the article. They differ in character, as weli olden times, and enlarged the shadowy as in the degree of interest which they are

The following, though a quotation from precincts, within which imagination inay tikely to excite, but the main object, that another writer, we notice here, as worthy range with that freedom, which is obstruct. or preserving and rendering accessible of the consideration of those, who imagine ed by the dull realities of the present. The what is known of the early history of New that the standard of education is lower, in forms of our fathers loom through the haze England, is the same.

some of our colleges, at this day, than it of antiquity, which rests on the intellectual We have read Mr Hoyt's book with a

was in that of Cotton Mather, because the horizon, concealing the thousand details, great deal of interest, and cheerfully re- prosessors do not talk Latin fluently and which fetter the energies and chill the ar. cominend it to the public. To the general quote the ancients on all occasions, whether dour of fancy, and presenting only the reader we think it will be more amusing in season or out of it. grander features of the prospect.

than any history of the period with which Sir Henry Saville, in the preamble of the deed The situation and circumstances of the we are acquainted. The style is easy and by which he annexed a salary to the mathematical planters of New England, during the first agreeable; the accounts of various writers and astronomical professors in Oxford, says geomsixty or seventy years of the colonies, are digested in a judicious and pleasing England. The best learning of the age was the

etry was almost totally abandoned and unknown in were of a peculiar character, and such as manner, while some particulars are sup- study of the ancients. take a strong hold upon the imagination. plied, which we believe can be found in no They were stirring times in which our other publication. The writer passes light: defence of the morality and expediency of a

We cannot agree with the author in his ancestors lived, and this peaceable, calculat- ty over many portions of our annals, which bounty on Indian scalps. The effect of such ing, and realizing land was once the very are of a more dry and uninteresting char- a practice on the minds of the scalp-huntcountry of romance.

acter, and dwells at greater length on those ers-the temptation thus held forth to slay, What adventure indeed could be more particulars which are likely to gratify those in cold blood, the captives who were unawild, than that of the passengers in the who read only for amusement. We think, ble to keep up with the victorious party; May-Flower, and what language

would therefore, that it will be a popular work, and the example given to the natives, seem have been thought too extravagant to de- and hope the author will enjoy, as we think

to us powerful considerations against it. As scribe it, had it been unsuccessful. Such a he deserves, the opportunity of a second project, undertaken at such hazards and edition, to present it to the public freed been feeble. Though the bounty offered

a measure of expediency it seems to have with such means, would be looked upon, at from the various typographical errors to for single scalps was occasionally enormous, this day, as utter madness. Indeed the which he alludes, and in a more elegant

-on one occasion, we believe, a hundred Pilgrims themselves considered their suc- form than it is at present.

pounds,—but a small amount on the whole cess as the result of a direct and special After these general remarks, we shall nointerposition of Providence. The first set- tice a few things which may amuse or in barbarous trophies; and we hope, for the

seems ever to have been paid for those tlers did not, it is true, traverse the coun- terest our readers, as they occurred to us honour of human nature, that it was betry with good steed, lance, and brand, in in the course of our perusal.

cause there were few to ask for it. Melansearch of captive knights or distressed dam- Among the collection of laws framed by choly must be the state of that country, sels, but their conduct and their language Ward and Cotton, and accepted by the which has no better defenders than those who was often little less extravagant. Their magistrates in 1641, which were copied al- are ready to hunt and mangle human beings enemies appeared in a different, but scarce- most literally from those of Moses, is the for a price. Much cruelty is doubtless inly a more questionable shape. They were following.

separable from a warfare conducted with not giants, or og res, ensconced in castles of Men betrothed and not married, or newly mar. savages. The passions are necessarily exsteel and defended by attendant sprites; ried, or such as bave newly built or planted, and cited to a degree unknown in the technical but savage warriors, swift of foot and subtle not received the fruits of their labour, and such as and mechanical combats of civilized arof mind, lurking in trackless forests and

are faint-bearted men, are not to be pressed or
forced against their wills, to go forth to wars.

mies

and many horrible examples of this swamps, and assisted, as our ancestors most

are in every history of this kind. But the religiously believed, by the devil. Spectres If these were ever really carried into feelings with which a scalp is stripped from and witchcraft were received articles of execution, it seems remarkable, in the first

a dying enemy, to be preserved for barter, belief, and, with the sword in one hand and place, that any person should have been are of another character, and such as we the Bible in the other, our progenitors pressed or forced against his will to go trust were rare in the darkest days of New waged war alike against the visible and in- forth to wars;" and secondly, that if such a England. We have alluded to the bittervisible world. principle was acknowledged, exceptions of

ness of the passions, which occasionally The character of the aborigines is now such a nature should have been admitted. prevailed among the partisans of the time. likewise regarded with the interest which it The framers of the code were probably The following is an instance. In Captain deserves. They were once considered as better acquainted with the book of Deuter- Lovewell's battle at Pigwacket, his lieutenlittle better than the brutal tenants of the onomy than the real state and exigencies ant, Robbins, who, by the way, had been a soil; as a race cowardly, treacherous, mind of the colony. And again.

scalp-hunter, was wounded and we are ful of injuries, but insensible to benefits, And in war, men of a corrupt and false religion told that whose ferocity could never be tamed and are not to be accepted, much less sought for.

conscious of his fate, he requested his companions their affections never secured. But this

Truly we wonder our ancestors did not to load his gun, that he might despatch another of was a false representation. More atten. tive consideration has shown that their ag; Sassacus fort with ram's horns; it would carry the parable so far as to fight against the enemy, should he return to the spot.

We select the following as a specimen of gressions were rarely unprovoked, and

have been little less extravagant, when we our author's manner of writing. We wish that, in the fury of contest, there were some who remembered and repaid future works" were looked upon as men of a the colonial government.

consider that those under “a covenant of the story had been more to the credit of benefits. If some of the alleviations of civilized warfare were unknown among a corrupt and false religion."

But prior to the termination of the war Miantoni.

There was more worldly wisdom in the moh invaded the Mohegans with nine hundred of his them, some of its worst features

sumptuary law, which directed the select- warriors; I'ncas met him at the head of five hundred equally absent, and among the anecdotes, men of each town

of his men, on a large plain; both prepared for ac. which have come down to us, of the chief

tion, and advanced within bow shot Before the tains who figured in those eventful times, to taķe notice of the apparel of any of the in: conflict commenced, Uncas advanced, singly and

habitants, and to assess such persons as they shall thus addressed his antagonist. You have a nummany may compare with those of Spartan judge to exceed their rank and abilities, in the cost-ber of men with you, and so have I with me; it is or Ronian greatness.

liness or fashion of their apparel, in any respect, great pity that such brave warriors should be killConsiderations like these are naturally I especially in wearing ribbons and great boots, at led in a private quarrel between us. Come like a

were