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about Jesus Christ." The press at Maulmain worked day and night, but could not meet the demands from all quarters.

In the summer of 1831, in consequence of the infirm state of Mr. Wade's health, he removed to Maulmain, and Mr. Wade, after a few months' respite, took his place at Rangoon. At Maulmain Mr. Judson prosecuted the work of translation, but still preached in the city and the jungles. On the last day of January, 1834, he completed the task with which he might have rejoiced to seal up his earthly mission,-the Bible in the Burmese language. No words can more fitly describe the emotions of that hour than his own: "Thanks to God, I can now say, I have attained. I have knelt down before Him, with the last leaf in my hand, and imploring his forgiveness for all the sins which have polluted my labors in this department, and his aid in removing the errors and imperfections which necessarily cleave to the work, I have commended it to his mercy and grace. I have dedicated it to his glory. May he make his own inspired word, now complete in the Burman tongue, the grand instrument in filling all Burmah with songs of praise to our great God and Saviour Jesus Christ. Amen." Few, comparatively, of the myraids in whose behalf the great work was undertaken, had a thought of the sublime transaction of that hour, and none but he to whose supreme glory it was dedicated, could fully apprehend the ultimate issues of the event. The kneeling missionary alone, with the last leaf of the translated Bible, humbly and gratefully offering it before the Divine Majesty, has been suggested as a subject for the pencil. But he must be an artist elevated to more than a common measure of celestial sympathy, who shall worthily represent to our senses a triumph so purely spiritual.

In April of this year Mr. Judson was united in marriage with Mrs. Boardman; who, after the lamented death of her husband, had given herself with unyielding devotion to the blessed work in which he so triumphantly passed away, and through all her missionary career showed a spirit nearly kindred to that of the "ministering angel" to the prisoners of Ava.

For some years he was engaged in the revision of the Scriptures, dividing his time between this and the superintendence of the native church at Maulmain. The steady increase of the churches in numbers and in knowledge was an ample reward for all his toils, while the reinforcement of the missions, and their extension into Siam and Assam, filled him with gladness in the prospect of the future. The arrival of fourteen missionaries in 1836, accompanied by Rev. Dr. Malcom, who was commissioned by the Board to their stations in Asia, was an occasion of special joy. The conferences held, plans devised, the recollections and hopes awakened at this season, must have made it memorable to them all. Since the lonely pioneer landed in doubt and apprehension at Rangoon, more than twenty years of labor and suffering had passed over his head. Not one witness of his earlier struggles, not one sharer of his many fears and sorrows and of their precious compensations, stood by his side. But a host, comparatively, had succeeded, to carry forward by their united strength the work begun in weakness, and not less than a thousand souls redeemed from the bondage of idolatry attested the divine presence and benediction.

In 1838 his enfeebled health compelled a change of air, and he visited

Bengal. But the ardor of his spirit drove him back to his station without any visible change for the bettor. The Board invited him to visit the United States, which he gratefully but firmly declined. The revision of the Scriptures was finished in 1840, and a second edition was put to press. A recent writer in the Calcutta Review, understood to be well qualified to pass judgment in this matter, hazards "the prediction, that as Luther's Bible is now in the hands of Protestant Germany, so, three centuries hence, Judson's Bible will be the Bible of the Christian churches of Burmah." In the summer of 1841 he found it needful, for the sake of his family and himself, to make another voyage. They went to Bengal, where he was compelled to bury his youngest child, proceeded to the Isle of France, and thence returned to Maulmain, where they arrived, much invigorated, in December.

The next year saw him engaged in another important undertaking,-the compilation of a complete dictionary of the Burmese language. He was reluctant to be diverted from his ministerial labors by any further literary tasks, but yielded to the solicitation of the Board, and to a conviction of the importance of the work. His plan contemplated two complete vocabularies-Burmese and English, and English and Burmese. It was interrupted by the illness of Mrs. Judson. A voyage along the Tenasserim coast proved ineffectual for her recovery, and in the spring of 1845 her helpless state appeared to demand a visit to the United States. In announcing this purpose Mr. Judson warned the Board that he must not be expected to address public assemblies as the weakness of his lungs forbade such exertion, and for a reason which shall be stated in his own words: "In order to become an acceptable and eloquent preacher in a foreign language, I deliberately abjured my own. When I crossed the river, I burnt my ships. From long desuetude, I can scarcely put three sentences together in the English language." Taking with him his family, and two native assistants to carry forward his dictionary during his visit, he embarked for Boston on the 26th of April. On arriving at Mauritius, Mrs. Judson was so far revived that it was thought she might safely proceed without her husband. The assistants were sent back, and he was about to follow them, but the day before her reëmbarkation she suffered a relapse, which determined him to go on with her. She grew weaker from day to day, and it seemed that she must find a grave in the deep, but her life was spared till they reached St. Helena. With an uncloudy prospect for the heavenly felicity, her soul parted serenely from earth and all earthly ties. Her mortal remains were committed to the dust on the first of September, and the twice-widowed missionary tore himself away, to guide his motherless children to the land of their fathers.

He arrived at Boston on the 15th of October. A thrill of solemn and grateful emotion was felt in every part of the land, and found expression in countless forms. On the evening of the third day after he landed, a large assembly was gathered, and the venerable President of the Board, Rev. Dr. Sharp, addressed him in appropriate words of welcome. More touching was the hearty embrace of Rev. Samuel Nott, jr., from whom he had parted more than thirty years before; who had privately and publicly attested his unabated Christian affection since the change that caused their

paths to diverge; who heard, in his enforced retirement from missionary service, of the arrival of his youthful associate and honored colleague, and had hastened to greet him. Pressing through the congregation, he made himself known. Who can guess what thoughts of the past crowded their minds and subdued their hearts, at this unlooked-for meeting!

Mr. Judson attended a special meeting of the Baptist General Convention, called together in consequence of the separation of the Southern churches his first interview with a body called into existence by his instrumentality,—and there received a more formal and memorable welcome. Though forbidden to speak in public, a proposition to abandon the Arracan mission drew from his lips a fervent protest, which, seconded by other missionaries present, determined the Convention to retain all their stations in the east. By other public assemblies in the principal cities, he was received in a manner that told how deeply the story of his labors and sufferings had imprinted itself on the hearts of the people. Thus attracting to himself the affectionate sympathy of thousands, and kindling higher, by his presence, the flame of missionary zeal, refreshing his spirit by the amenities of friendship, and recalling the memories of youth by visiting its most cherished scenes, he continued in the land of his nativity till the 11th of July, 1846, when he once more set his face toward the field of his struggles and triumphs. He went not alone. A third gentle spirit gave her affections to soothe and her energies to sustain his soul, in the years of labor and suffering that awaited him. This was Miss Emily Chubbuck, of Utica, New York, a lady, widely known to literary circles as "Fanny Forester," to whom he was married in June, 1846. Several new missionaries accompanied them, and they arrived safely at Maulmain in December.

A revolution having taken place in Burmah, Mr. Judson removed to Rangoon, the only city in the king's dominions where foreigners were permitted to reside. He found it impossible to do anything efficiently unless he could obtain some countenance at Ava, but having no means at his disposal to undertake the journey at that time, he was obliged to resign all hope in that quarter, and go back to Maulmain, and to his dictionary. Beside his literary tasks, he assumed the pastoral care of the Burman Church, and preached once on a Sabbath. In these pursuits he continued with his wonted diligence, till disease laid its hand upon him in the autumn of 1849.

A severe cold in the month of September was followed by a fever that prostrated his strength. A voyage on the coast and sea-bathing at Amherst failed to restore his wasted energies, and he returned to Maulmain in a declining state. His sufferings were extreme, but his mind was peaceful, and his habitual conversation was filled with the spirit of heaven. "The love of Christ" was his absorbing theme, and love to his brethren in Christ dwelt on his lips and breathed in his constant prayers. Though ready to depart, if so it should please God, he yet longed to do more for Burmah,—to finish the wearisome toil of literary investigation, and spare a few years for the delightful work of preaching to the heathen. For this his exhausted nature struggled to the last, and when all hope of recovery at Maulmain was lost, on the third of April, 1850, he bade farewell to his anxious companion, whose feeble health forbade her to accompany him, and with a

single attendant set out on a voyage for the Isle of Bourbon. The passage down the river was slow, and he nearly sunk under the combined force of disease and the suffocating atmosphere. Once upon the sea he revived, and the pilot-boat bore back a message full of hope. The relief was momentary. For three days he endured indescribable sufferings that extorted from his lips the exclamation, "O that I could die at once, and go directly to Paradise, where there is no pain!" To the question whether he felt the presence of the Saviour, he quickly replied, "O, yes; it is all right, there! I believe He gives me just so much pain and suffering as is necessary to fit me to die,-to make me submissive to his will." For the last day and a half his agonies were dreadful to behold. In this state he continued till a few minutes before the going out of life. Then he was calm, and apparently free from pain. His last words were in remembrance of her from whom he had parted in so much uncertainty a few days before, and a hurried direction for his burial. Then, gradually sinking, he "fell asleep" on the afternoon of April 12th, and his mortal remains were committed to the deep, thence to be raised incorruptible, when the sea shall give up its dead. Smith's "History of the Heroes and Martyrs of the Modern Missionary Enterprise," from which much of this sketch is derived, says, that Mr. Judson combined in his experience the toils and sufferings of a missionary pioneer, with the ablest rewards of missionary success. Often have men, in a spirit of heroic courage and constancy, struggled with the first, and departed without enjoying the last. But he who under cover of twilight baptized the first Burman convert, lived to see twenty-six churches gathered with nearly five thousand communicants, the entire Bible in one vernacular, and the New Testament in others; and the missions, by the aid of a regular native ministry, extending on every side. He was not required to look for the confirmation of his faith to promise and prophecy alone, but was permitted to enjoy in his lifetime a fullness of success exceeding his fondest hopes.

THE CONDUCT

OF

OUR COUNTRY AND COUNTRYMEN

IN THEIR DIFFICULTIES WITH

AUSTRIA AND THE AUSTRIANS.

CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF THE ARREST AND IMPRISONMENT OF AN AMERICAN IN HUNGARY THE CORRESPONDENCE OF DANIEL WEBSTER, THE AMERICAN SECRETARY OF STATE, WITH CHEVALIER HULSEMAN, THE AUSTRIAN MINISTER AMERICAN INTERVENTION IN BEHALF OF, AND HOSPITALITY TO, THE HUNGARIAN EXILES, AND THE

HEROISM OF CAPTAIN INGRAHAM IN THE KOSTA AFFAIR.

AUSTRIA is an odious name to an American, for it is associated with a government perhaps the most crafty in policy; the most treacherous in administration, of all the despotisms that claim authority "by the Grace of God and the Divine Right of Kings" to rule over men. Scarce one bright spot in all her course, scarce one magnanimous act in any of her rulers can be found to relieve the disgraceful page of her annals.

When the Hungarians attempted to throw off her yoke, the great heart of this nation beat in sympathy with that heroic people, and joy ran through all the land as tidings of victory after victory over the infamous House of Hapsburg reached it from across the blue ocean. It was succeeded by sorrow most poignant, when at last it became known that the gallant nation had gone down, under the combined armies of allied despots from without and by treachery from within-the sad history finally ending in the coldblooded murder of her bravest generals after their surrender, victims to the vengeance of a tyranny that spared not old age in its whitening hairs, nor even the maiden in her youthful beauty.

It was the intense interest of our people in the Hungarian cause, which led to the occurrences we are about to relate. They form a part of our history-aside events, it is true, but "touches" that by their form and coloring indicate character with as much precision as those affairs which, looming up in great proportions, strike at the first hurrying glance.

We need never despair of our own country when her millions can thus be aroused to sympathize in the efforts of a gallant nation for freedom; for it shows that the spirit of Liberty is the first love in American bosoms, and while this is so, whatever disasters may befall can be but temporary in tho long years which God gives to the life of nations.

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