rared...Postmaster General Blair on Secessionists and Abolitionists...Comments of National Intelligencer" ...Senator Doolittle on Colonization and Emancipation... The Three Solutions": Of Calhoun, John Brown, (the same as Radicals), and Jefferson...Doolittle on Coon- fiscation... Also, on Same and Abolition Denunciations of INDIRECT MODE TO VIOLATE AND NULLIFY LAWS. The Personal Liberty Bills of the Various States... Sundry Provisions to Nullify the Fugitive Law... A Radical Or- ARBITRARY POWER--MILITARY ARRESTS, &c. Introductory Remarks...Loyalty and Patriotism of the North.Arbitrary Power used to Detroy the Northern Unanimity...Senator Fessenden on Stopping Enlist- ments...Senator Wilson on same...General Conclusions... The Cause and the Effect... Mr. Lincoln's claim to Un- Taited Power...Order No. 38...Trial of Vallandigham... Resolves of the Democratic Meeting at Albany... Their Protest to the President... The President's Reply. The Rejoinier... Protest of the Cito Committee... Presi lent's Redy...Committee's Rejoinder: The Law of the Case, from the " National Intelligencer "... Personal and Le- gal Rights...Crittenden's Views... Abolitionist Feel Un- asy...Administration Condemned by its own Organs... Views of the N. Y. Post and Tribune "...Judge from King John... Lord Cimpoel's Boast. sh Bill of Rights..." Eody of Liberties" Brought .ne May- flower...The Bill in the Declaration... Virgin. Bill of Rights... Massachusetts Declaration of Rights" in 1780... From Bill of Rights in Our Constitution...General Remarks on Suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus... Law of Suspected Persons... A Leaf from French History, by Allison...Our Parallels... Thiers on French Confisca- tion... Danton's Prediction...General Remarks... Black- stone on the English Habeas Corpus...Our Constitution Millson on the Habeas Corpus...Judge Curtis on "Loy. alty and Habeas Corpus... A Scathing Speech... Mr. Chase's Opinion of Loyalty...The Roman Law and Per- sonal Liberty...St, Paul cu Arbitrary Violations of Law Judge Festus and King Agrippa Respected the Roman Law... New York Independent" on Arbitrary Arrests ...What a Conservative Republican Thinks of it... Presi- dent's Suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus: His Mobbing of Democrats an i Demort'e Preses...Sak's Love Free Speech... Mebbing of Douglas la Chicago... Republican Mob in Green County, Wis.... Federal, Whigs and Republicans in Juxtaposition...Their Line of Cen- in Congress Suppress In pity into Illegal Acts... Thor ANITARY POWER-MILITARY ANULSTS, 3 Adams 8 Monarchist... What the Early Fathers *Lought of the Vallandigham Cas... Great Speech of Edward Livingston on the Alien B, 1798...Terrible Scathing of Assumptions of Arbitrary Power... Who w... Edward Livingston ?...Republican Confessions of frog Abuses of Arbitrary Power...Case of Messrs. IYAR TILM, SUPPATIONS, INALIENABLE LIGHT. Despotista Seeks the Sunblues of Loyalty...Solicitor Ceneral Remarks... Iduating the Aray to the N ...Adjutant General Thomas Preaching Pelites to th Soldiers... Punishes Soldiers for Political Opinions... the Soldiers View it... Anti-Copperhead Letters and solves from the Army... How Manufactured...Ge Remarks...General Halleck on "Crushing the ru Traitors of the North "...Seward, Chase, Eleiz, & the Cooper Institute Meeting...Case of Lieut. Edver Abolitionism a Test of a Soldier's Duty...The Con tion Act intended to Ignore, the Constitution..." E. Commonwealth" Admits that the Administratios Es ployed Bayonets to Carry Elections... Difference between Orthodoxy and Heterodoxy...Atrocious Sentiret CHAPTER XXXIV. MORE OF THE ROLE OF DESPOTISM. ...Soldiers sent home to Vote... Proofs in Connecticut... Proofs in New York, &c...Stanton Boasts of sending more Soldiers than Curtin's majority...The Contractors per- form their part... Martial Law in Kentucky to force the Election... How a "loyal" Paper Views it...From Louis- ville Journal... Statements of Clerk of the Election... How a Congressman was elected by an "overwhelming majority"... Further evidences... The Administration carries Maryland by the Bayonet...Gov. Bradford's Proc- lamation on the Subject...The Great Frauds Practiced on New York by the Enrollment and Quota process... New York Overdrawn as compared with other States... Frauds in the Pennsylvania and Ohio Elections... Punishing officers for Voting the Democratic Ticket... Case of Capt. Sells... Officers' Threats to control Elections ...Bribery at Elections... War on the "Copperheads".. Republican Organ Justifies Military Interference in Elections... The Politics of this War...Discharging disa- bled and dying Soldiers from Office of Sutler for Voting the Democratic Ticket... Abolition claim of "Those who Vote must Fight"... Abolition Roorbacks to Effect Elect- ions... The Union League Machinery... Forney on Their Purposes...Dr. Lieber on Soldiers Voting...Gen. Milroy on "Home Traitors"...John Brough's Appeal from the Ballot to the Bullet... More Threats... New York Inde- pendent Boasts of the Infamy, &c. CHAPTER XXXV. SYMPATHY BETWEEN RADICALS AND REBELS- The Rebels Hate the Democracy and Sympathize with the General Remarks and Facts pertaining to...The Democra cy of New York... The Iowa Democracy...Doctrine of the Kentucky Democracy...The Ohio Democracy... The Democracy of Wisconsin... The Minnesota Democracy... Democracy of Pennsylvania... Illinois Democracy....Con- necticut Democracy....Democracy of Indiana....Of Colum- bus, Ohio....Of Madison, Wis.....The National Democracy ...Sayings and Doings of Leading Democrats...Governor Seymour's Proclamation...Gov. Seymour's Message... Gov. Parker's Proclamation... Kemarks of Hon. H. L. Palmer...Et tu Vallandigham...Democrats Rejoice at our Victories... Testimony of our opponents... New York Times...Mr. Seward, Official...Judge Paine, of Wis.... Political sine qua non of Wisconsin Legislature...Still re- Amnesty Proclamation... Two Millions in Men....Three Millions in Money...Is a National Debt a National Bless- ing...A Negro Nobility... Effects of a High Tariff... Vicks- burg Discipline... Will the Rebellion succeed...1,685,000 Poetical applications...General Remarks on... Scions of the old Puritanical stock... New York Custom House Frauds ...Testimony and Facts...Conclusions of committee... Van Wyck's speech on the Development of Astounding Frauds...Collector Barney and his subs...John P. Hale on corruptions of the Departments... Cattle contracts... Cummings' Agency...Charter of the Cataline...General Mania for stealing...Horse contracts...Contract Broker- age... Treasury Department Frauds... Fire Arms Frauds From Washington's Farewell Address...Jackson's Fare- well Address...By Daniel Webster... By Henry Clay... By Patrick Henry...From Webster's Great Oration... Further from Jackson's Farewell Addresses... Madison on the Liberty of the Press... Mr. Seward on Free Speech ...Jefferson on the Plea of Necessity...John Adams on Arbitrary Power... Ex-President Filmore on the Negro Question...Gov. Seymour's Patriotic Letter... Senator Harris of New York, on the Despotism of Conscriptions ...Rob't J. Walker on State Suicide...Sen. Trumbull on the Tyrant's Plea... Gen. McClellan on Constitution and Christian Civilization... Sen. Crittenden on the cause of our Troubles... President Harrison on the Rights of the States...Montesquieu and Jefferson on Preservation of Liberty...James Madison on same...Gen. Harrison at Ft. Meigs....J. Q. Adams on the "Link of Union"... The Father of the Constitution on Confiscation... List of Mem- FIVE HUNDRED POLITICAL TEXTS. SLAVERY AGITATION: CONSPIRACIES AGAINST THE UNION SCRAPS FROM MY SCRAP-BOOK. CHAPTER I. EFFECTS OF ANCIENT SLAVERY AGITATION, ETC. Agitation in Rome-Its Terrible Effects: Agitation the Rome, burning on the ruins of their historical altars. an, on the "Cause" in the West Indies-Statistics of gendary Greece, warns us from her grave of St. Domingo-The Sublime Teachings of History. APPLICATION OF THE LOGIC OF HISTORY. "WE CANNOT ESCAPE HISTORY."-Message of A. Lincoln. This I hold to be the chief office of history:-To rescue virtuous actions from the oblivion to which a want of records would consign them, and that men should feel a dread of being considered infamous in the opinions of posterity, for their depraved expressions and base actions.-Tacitus. It is said that history is like a lantern placed at the stern of a ship to show the course it has pursued, whereas it should be placed at the bow to indicate the track it is pursuing, and to shed the light of its rays on the rocks on which others have been wrecked. And herein all nations of every age have failed to profit by the light of past history. They place that light at the wrong end of the ship of State. It will be the object of this publication to place the light of history where it should be, as a beacon of warning on our onward course, through the dangerous Archipelago of the living present, and by a proper analogy to guide our tempesttossed barque so as to shun the dangers of the woe, to beware of Macedonian and Peloponessian strifes. The chivalrous CATO, from the suicide's sepulchre, will act our monitor against the insidious agitations of Abolition GRACCHUSES, CRASSUSES and EUNUSES. The arts and sciences, now locked in the secret hecatombs of early oriental greatness, all admonish us to study and profit by the teachings and logic of history. The writer hereof, having devoted mach time for many years to the culling out and filing away such scraps of history as prophetic calculation (so to speak) induced him to believe would sooner or later be useful in a crisis, that the least observing must have known years ago would inevitably overtake our people, will regard himself amply compensated for the time which the within historical collation has required, if the same shall in the least degree serve to direct popular attention to a long train of evils now threatening the life of this nation, and which are so ineffacably chisseled in the milestones that mark the great highway of nations, that he who runs may read, and he who reads without criminal prejudice, may learn a lesson of more value than the gold of Eldorado. THE SLAVERY AGITATION-ITS CONSEQUENCES Mr. LINCOLN tells us that we cannot escape This shows that he has at least read history. France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain and Portugal,. Great Britain, European Russia,. Poland, enough of the history of ancient and modern Rome, It has of late been a stereotyped phrase that "slavery is the cause of this war," but such declarations are mostly confined to slavery agi tators. So far as our observation and belief go, such is in no sense the truth of history. The agitation of the slavery question is no doubt the principal pretext, and without question has furnished the main pabulum on which treason has fed and waxed strong, but as we proceed it will be seen that the real cause has more to feed it than slavery, or even its agitation; but before we proceed to that "count" let us take observation of the EFFECT OF EARLY SLAVERY AGITATION. It will be neither our purpose to show that slavery is, or ever was, right or wrong. but barely to present the light of historical facts, leaving the reader to form his own conclusions. Slavery has existed, under various phases, from the remotest periods of sacred and profane history. In the 17th chap. of Genesis, v. 12, 13, 23 and 27, the fact that Abraham bought men with his money is four times recognized. Verse 12 is represented to be in the language of God, Himself, speaking to ABRAHAM, viz.: And he that is eight days old shall be circumcised among you, every man child in your generations; he that is born in the house, or bought with money of any stranger, which is not of thy seed. In the 24th chap. 35th v., man and maid servants are mentioned among the blessings which GOD had bestowed upon ABRAHAM: And the LORD hath blessed my master (ABRAHAM) greatly and he is become great, and He has given him flocks and herds, and silver and gold, and man servants, and maid servants, and camels and asses. From the 14th chap. and 14th verse it appears that ABRAHAM had three hundred and eighteen trained servants, born in his house." The 21st chap. of Exodus, the 25th chap. of Leviticus and the 25th chap. of Deuteromony recognize slavery and the buying of slaves, &c. Slavery is also recognized by PAUL in 1st Corinthians, and in the 6th chap. of the Ephetians, the 6th chap. of PAUL'S 1st Epistle to TIMOTHY, in the 3d and 4th chapters of his Epistles to the Collossians, in chap. 24 of his Epistle to TITUS, in the 1st Epistle of PETER, the Epistle of PAUL to PHILEMON, &C. SLAVERY IN THE TIME OF CLAUDIUS. Greece and Turkey, Denmark and Norway, [Sve Voltaire de Histoire Generale. 20,000,000 20,000,000 22,000,000 4,000,000 10,000,000 8,000,000 8,000,000 12,000,000 6,000,000 6,000,000 4,000,000 3,000,000 4,000,000 and not till long after were Ethiopeans brought In those days white men were held as slaves, ting slavery was in a great measure borrowed to Roman servitude. The Roman law regulaspirit of the age. It gave power to the master from the Hebrew code, modified to suit the utmost rigor prevailed. The Romans and their over the life and limb of his slaves, and the they agree to cartels for the exchange of pris neighbors were continually at war, nor did oners. All prisoners became slaves by the inexorable laws of war, and were held either by by citizens who purchased from the state. Not the state under the system of Roman helotry, or unfrequently citizens, as under the old Levitical law, voluntarily surrendered themselves as slaves, to escape the consequences of want and destitution. SLAVERY AGITATION IN ROME. Slavery was no doubt a monster political evil in the Roman Commonwealth-a thousand fold more so than any system known to civilized nations of the present age. Romans, Grecians and Athenians enslaved their equals, and frequently their intellectual superiors; and at one time, history tells us, every twelfth person in the realm either was, or had been a slave.The evil, great as it was, could no doubt have been borne, until GoD, in his own way, should have wrought its extinction or amelioration, far better than the dreadful consequences that followed in the wake of its political agitation. erly or improperly directed, as it has been In those days, philanthropy, whether propever since, tried to force its growth by hot-bed stimulants, and while good men, no doubt, just and pure motives, yet it requires a very were prompted to assail the institution from little attention to the "logic of history" to see that the moment the agitation became popular, as it did under the insipient agitations of Gracchus, by which he was called to the Tribunate, it attracted the legions of political demagogues and vampyres, who, from no better motive than to obtain power and plunder, contrive to float upon the surface of any move that promises popular favor. GRACCHUS was no doubt originally governed by philanthropic motives. He struck at the evil in its national capacity, and at first urged measures of a humane and national character. He neither denounced individual slave-holders as guilty of the "sum of all villainy," nor threatened to confiscate their property. Hence, The following table exhibits the great num- although standing forth as the avowed enemy ber of slaves held in an early period : of the system, he became the favorite of the slaveholders, who elected him Chief of the Tribunes. But the moment he had a taste of power, he inaugurated a political agitationthreatened to force emancipation, speedily and without recourse"-and called around him some of the best talent, yet most ambitious men of Rome. GRACCHUS was to Rome what CHARLES SUMNER is to America-an eloquent agitator of the slavery question. APPIUS CLAUDIUS, his father-in-law, MUTIUS SCEVOLA, the most famous lawyer of Rome, and CRASSUS, the leader of the priesthood, and the wealthiest man in the Commonwealth, were associated with GRACCHUS. Those influential abolitionists agitated the slavery question, until it entered into all the petty political questions of the day, and until their proselytes were counted by legions, and on the scum of the excitement floated a large class of demagogues and political hucksters, who scrupled not at any means to obtain place and power. These selfish plebians and patricians organized for offensive raids on the public exchequer, and carried their vile purposes with them to such ill extent, that all classes were aroused to the highest degree of excitement. An "Irrepressible Conflict ensued, which not only destroyed Rome, and blotted her out from the map of the world, as a nation of power and vitality, but forever blasted the hopes, the happiness and the liberties of slaves, helots and people. The hot blood of party was aroused to a fearful temper, and from that moment Rome began to totter to her final fall. GRACCHUS was a candidate for re-election, on the platform of confiscation and emancipation. The excitement is represented as intense. Appeals were made to passions and fanatica! prejudices, and on the day of the election, the phrenzied multitude beat GRACCHUS to death and threw his body into the Tiber. Three hundred of his followers perished on the same day.* Many of the measures of GRACCHUS were no doubt wise and beneficent, and had he not committed the fatal error of linking them with political Abolitionism and Agrarianism. he would without question have not only saved Rome, but secured lasting fame as a man of good impulses and great genius. After the death of GRACCHUS his followers canonized him as a "martyr to a glorious cause." EUNUS, one of his disciples, undertook the spread of political Abolitionism into Italy and the Island of Sicily. He collected what force he could from the Plebian ranksdistilled the vain hope of sudden freedom into the ears of the common slaves and the helots, and as BLAKE says, managed to raise a motly army of 200,000, armed with scythes, pitchforks, &c., and marched forth, proud in the belief that he was to occupy a high niche in the Pantheon, as the deliverer of the slaves of Italy and Sicily. Mr. BLAKE, who wrote the "History of Slavery," containing 832 pages, a work especially designed for abolition use in this country, informs us that a million of per *See Blake's History of Slavery. sons were butchered in this worse than Carthagenian war." EUNUS failed in his abolition purposes, and the slaves, whom he had promised liberty they were not prepared to enjoy, in the language of the same author, "committed one universal suicide!" The tragic sequel of this Sicilian insurrection did not deter others from embarking in the Abolition crusade. TIBERIUS, brother of the Tribunate GRACCHUS, organized the Abolition party anew, and carried on the contest, he and his successors, until all-masters, helots and slaves, perished in the general wreck of the Empire. That the agitation of the slavery question, and the blending that issue with Roman politics for the benefit of Roman demagogues, and to the disparagement of Roman Statesmen, was the primeval cause of the downfall of that Government-that once stretched its power from the Tiber to the Adriatic, is a fact too well authenticated by history to require other accumulative evidence than the admission of Mr. BLAKE himself, who on page 59 of his work says: The laws of GRACCHUS cut the Patricians with a double The edge. Their fortunes consisted in lands and slaves; it questioned their title to the public land, and tended to force emancipation (See American parallel in Lincoln's Proclamation], by making their slaves a burden. In taking away the soil [see the parallel of the radical idea of reducing the states to territories, &c.] it took away the power that kept their live machinery in motion. moment was a crisis in the affairs of Rome--such a crisis as hardly occurs to a nation in the progress of many centuries [see parallel in the American crisis.] Men are in the habit of proscribing JULIUS CAESAR as the destroyer of the Commonwealth. The civil wars, the revolutions of CAESAR, the miserable vicissitudes of the Roman Emperors-the avarice of the Nobles and the rabble, the crimes of the forum and the palace-all have their germ in the ill success of the reform of GRACCHUS. Here, then, is the admission of the principal abolition historian of this country, that Rome was destroyed by the "ill successes" of the slavery agitation. Have we no fear for a like result from the same cause on this continent? President HARRISON, in his inaugural address, in censuring the interference of the nonslaveholding states, said: It was the ambition of the leading states of Greece, to control the domestic concerns of others, that the destruction of that celebrated confederacy, and subsequently of all its members, is mainly to be attributed. SLAVERY AGITATION IN FRANCE. France, also, had her abolition societies and agitators, and the result of the agitation of this ill omened subject is familiar to the student of history. We offer no apology for the following copious extracts from ALLISON'S History, which was written long before the advent of our present troubles, and with no possible view to aid political ideas or dogmas.For the purpose of the better exhibition of the parallels with the chain of history we are making, and which Mr. LINCOLN truly says we dents in semi-dramatic order, in four acts.cannot escape, we present the facts and inciThe period lies between 1791 and 1802: |