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Even in the matter of School moneys, Canada takes precedence of those States. Both, therefore, as regards the attendance of Children at the Schools, and the amount provided for educational objects, the advantage most unequivocally rests with our loyal Colony.

The free Public Libraries, at present scattered widely throughout Western Canada, have been materially aided by Doctor Ryerson and the Educational Depository, under bis direction.

In 1860, forty-seven additional Libraries were established, making altogether four hundred and eleven. To these over 9,000 select Volumes have been sent from the Depository. The cost of founding those Libraries has reached close upon 10,000 dollars, the number of Volumes contained in them being 186,585. Such Libraries, however, are exclusive of those of Sunday Schools, and public Institutions, which number two thousand one hundred and three; videlicet one thousand seven hundred and fifty-six of the former and three hundred and forty-seven of the latter.

The Books in the Sunday School Libraries amount to 278,648, and in those of public Institutions to 157,800; so that the aggregative School and Public Libraries are two thousand five hundred and fourteen, and the number of Volumes contained therein, over 623,000.

THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO BUILDING, AS DESCRIBED IN HIS WORK ON "NORTH AMERICA," BY MR. ANTHONY TROLLOPE, 1863.

The two sights of Toronto are Osgoode Hall and the University.

But the University is the glory of Toronto. This is a Norman Gothic Building, and will take rank after, but next to the Buildings at Ottawa. It is the second piece of noble architecture in Toronto, and, as far as I know, on the American Continent.

It was, I believe, intended to be purely Norman Gothic, although I doubt whether the received types of Norman Architecture have not been departed from in many of the windows. Be this as it may, the College is a manly, noble structure, free from false decoration and infinitely creditable to those who projected it.

CHAPTER XVIII.

THE CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT'S ANNUAL REPORT OF THE NORMAL, MODEL, GRAMMAR AND COMMON SCHOOLS OF UPPER CANADA, FOR THE YEAR 1863.

TO HIS EXCELLENCY THE RIGHT HONOURABLE VISCOUNT MONCK, GOVERNOR GENERAL May it please Your Excellency:

In presenting, as required by law, my Report on the condition of the Normal, Model, Grammar and Common Schools of Upper Canada for the year 1863, I am happy to be able to note, during this, as in former years, the gradual and uninterrupted advancement of the School System, in the receipts and expenditures for the support of the Schools, in the attendance of Pupils, as also in the social position and qualifications of Teachers, and the general character of the Schools, together with the entire absence of all agitation on the subject of either the Common, or Separate School, Law. I will first refer to the Statistical Tables contained in the second part of this Report.

I. Table A.-Receipts and Expenditures of Common School Moneys.

1. The amount apportioned from the Legislative Grant for the Salaries of Teachers in 1863, was a little more than in 1862; but as a balance of $1,030 remained unpaid at the end of the year, the sum actually paid, as well as apportioned, is $1,047 less in 1863 than in 1862, the apportionment for 1862 being $3,000 in advance of 1861. The aggregate amount paid from the Legislative School Grant for Salaries of Teachers in 1863, was $158,073; for 1862, $159,120-decrease, $1,047. The amount apportioned the current year, (1864), is $6,000 in advance of 1863.

2. The amount apportioned and paid for the purchase of Maps, Apparatus, Prize Books and Libraries,-always on the condition of an equal sum being provided from local sources,-was $8,854; in 1862, $8,850.

3. As a condition of receiving the Legislative Grant, each Municipality is required to provide, by local Assessment, a sum always equal to that received; but each Municipality can provide as large an additional sum as it may judge expedient for the education of youth within its own jurisdiction. The amount provided by Municipal Assessment in 1863 was $287,768; an increase over 1862 of $13,297; and in excess of the Legislative Grant, $129,695.

4. As the elected Council of each Municipality, so the elected Trustees of each School Section have discretionary authority to provide means for the support of their School, or Schools, by Assessment, and by Fees of Pupils, unless the Ratepayers in Public Meeting decide in favour of a Free School. The amount of Rates levied and collected by Trustees, (in addition to the Municipal Assessment of $287,768), was $631,755,-being an increase on the year 1862 of $11,487.

5. Rate-bills, (or Monthly, or Quarterly Fees,) are imposed on Pupils where the Schools are not Free, so that Rate-bills decrease as Free Schools increase; and the Rate-payers, at each annual School Section Meeting, determine whether their School shall be Free, or not, during the year. In Cities, Towns, and Incorporated Villages, the elected Trustees decide whether the Schools shall be Free, or not. The amount of Rate-bills imposed and collected during the year 1863, was $72,680,-being a decrease from the preceding year of $1,170.

6. The amount received from the Clergy Reserve Fund and other sources was $108,467; decrease, $4,056.

7. The amount available from balances of 1862, (not paid at the end of the year), was $167,285; increase, $20,248.

8. Total Receipts for all Common School purposes in Upper Canada for 1863, were $1,432,885; increase on 1862, $36,762. Expenditures: 1. For the Salaries of Teachers, $987,555; increase, $27,979. 2. For Maps, Apparatus, Prizes and Libraries, $20,775; decrease, $1,541. 3. For School Sites and Building School-houses, $106,637; decrease, $8,081. 4. For Rents and Repairs of School Houses, $34,867; decrease, $3,093. 5. For School Books, Stationery, Fuel, etcetera, $104,610; increase, $7,391. 6. Total expenditure for all Common School purposes, $1,254,447; increase, $22,454. 7. Balance, unexpended, or not paid at the end of the year, $178,438; increase, $14,308.

II. Table B.-School Population-Pupils attending Common Schools, and in different Branches of Instruction.

An old Statute requires the legal Returns of School population to include only Children between the ages of 5 and 16 years. This was long considered the School age of Children, both in this Country and in the State of New York, whence our Statute was chiefly borrowed. But our School Law secures to all persons, from 5 to 21 years of age, the right of attending School, as long as their conduct conforms to its Rules and Discipline; so that Pupils between the ages of 16 and 21 have the same right to attend School, and upon the same terms, as have Children in the same classes between the ages of 5 and 16 years.

1. The School population, (including only Children between 5 and 16 years of age,) was 412,367; being an increase on the preceding year, of 9,065.

2. The number of Pupils between the ages of 5 and 16 years, was 339,817; being an increase of 14,999. The number of pupils of other ages was 20,991; being an increase of 2,076. The whole number of Pupils attending the Schools in 1863 was 360,808; being an increase of 17,075.

3. The number of Boys attending School was 192,990; being an increase of 7,549. The number of Girls was 167,818; being an increase of 9,526. A larger number of Girls than Boys attend private Schools. The number of Pupils returned as indigent was 4,923; being a decrease of 169.

4. I refer to the Table itself for the periods of the attendance at School, and the number in each of the several branches of study taught in the Common Schools. The Table shows a gratifying increase of Pupils in all the higher branches.

5. The same Table reports the painful and humiliating facts of 44,975 not attending any School in Upper Canada,—a public blot, disgrace and danger, which all possible efforts should be made to remove. The number of persons between the ages of 4 and 21 years in the State of New York reported as not attending any School, in 1863, was 372,352.

III Table C-Religious Denominations, Certificates, Annual Salaries of Teachers.

1. According to this Table, there are 4,504 Teachers employed in the Schools of Upper Canada, of whom 3,094 are males, decrease, 21; and 1,410 are females,increase, 119. They are reported to be of the following Religious Persuasions: Church of England, 747-decrease, 71; Church of Rome, 504-increase, 20; Presbyterians, 1,316 -increase, 29; Methodists, 1,313,-increase, 25; Baptists, 246,-increase, 28; Congregationalists, 75,-increase, 8; Lutheran, 26,-decrease, 6; Quakers, 20,-decrease, 2; Christians and Disciples, 34,-increase, 10; reported as Protestants, 81,-increase, 14; Unitarians, 1,-decrease, 4; other Denominations, 40,-increase, 3; not reported, 101,— increase, 44.

2. Certificates. The number of Teachers reported as employed in the Schools holding First Class Normal School, or Provincial, Certificates, was 222,-increase, 21; holding Second Class Normal School Certificates, 275,-decrease, 3. The number of Teachers holding First Class County Board Certificates was 1,263,-increase 72; holding Second Class County Board Certificates, 2,112,-increase, 127; holding Third Class County Board Certificates, 493,-decrease, 127. The whole number of Teachers holding Certificates of qualification was 4,365.-increase, 90.

3. Annual Salaries of Teachers. The lowest Salary paid to male Teachers in a County was $184,-highest salary, $600. The average Salary of male Teachers, with board, was $161,-without board, $261; of female Teachers, with board, $130,-without board, $172

In Cities, the highest salary paid to male Teachers was $1,300,-the lowest was $250. The average salary of male Teachers was $558,-of female Teachers, $225.

In Towns, the highest salary paid to male Teachers was $800,-the lowest $198. The average salary of male Teachers was $470,-of female Teachers, $227.

In Villages, the highest salary paid to male Teachers was $800,-the lowest, $180. The average salary of male Teachers was $408,-of female Teachers, was $180. There is a small increase under each of these heads.

4. The number of Schools in which the Teachers were changed during the year was 787; and the number of Schools in which more than one Teacher was employed was 187,-increase, 27.

IV Table D.-Schools, School-Houses, School Visits, School Lectures, Time of Keeping the Schools Open.

Each Township, by the Acts of its own Municipal Council, is divided into School Sections of from two to four miles square. Each of these Sections is intended for one School, or, at most, for two Schools,-one for Boys, the other for Girls, at the discretion of the Trustees and Local School Superintendent. Each City, Town, or Incorporated Village is regarded as one School division, although containing several Schools, being under the direction of one Board of School Trustees, which determines the kind and number of Schools in each such Municipality, and the manner of supporting them. 1. The whole number of School Sections reported in 1863, was 4,273,-increase, 12. The number of Schools reported as open, was 4,133,-increase, 29. The number of Schools closed, or at least not reported, was 140,-decrease, 17.

2. The number of Free Schools reported was 3,228,-increase, 117, being more than three-fourths of all the Common Schools in Upper Canada, by the voluntary action of the rate-payers in each Section separately, as the result of their own discussions, observations, experience, patriotism and annual vote. The number of Schools partly free, was 834,-decrease, 42. The number of Schools in which Rate-bills were imposed, was only 71,-decrease, 46.

3. School-Houses.-The whole number of School-houses reported was 4,173,increase, 39. Of these, 501 are Brick,-increase, 18; 335 are Stone,-increase, 6; 1,633 are Frame, increase, 36; 1,675 are Log,—decrease, 23; not reported, 29. The number of freehold titles to School premises reported, was 3,546,-increase, 96; number of School Sites held by leases, was 43,-decrease, 33; number rented, 111,-decrease, 16; not reported, 89. Number of School-houses, built during the year, Brick, 27; Stone, 9; Frame, 43; Log, 25. The whole number of School-houses built during the year was 104.

4. School Visits.-By Local Superintendents, 9,697,-increase, 329; by Clergymen, 6,318,-increase, 36; by Municipal Councillors, 1,765,-decrease, 94; by Magistrates, 2,250,-increase, 245; by Judges and Members of Parliament, 488,-decrease, 110; by Trustees, 20,046,-increase, 1,088; by other persons, 28,698,-increase, 844. Whole number of School Visits, 69,262,-increase, 1,338.

5. Public Examinations.-The number of Public School Examinations reported was 7,570,-decrease, 142, (very extraordinary), although there was a reported increase, the previous year, of 318-not quite two on an average in each School, while the law requires every Teacher to have at the end of each Quarter a Public Examination of his Schools, of which "he shall give due notice to Trustees of the School, and to any School Visitors who reside in, or adjacent to, such School Section, and through the Pupil to their Parents and Guardians."

6. School Prizes.-The number of Schools in which Prizes of Books, etcetera, were distributed, as a reward and encouragement to meritorious Pupils, was 1,213,increase, 227. A comprehensive list of carefully selected Prize Books is furnished by the Department to Trustees applying for them, and one hundred per cent. is allowed to them on whatever Books they may select from this list, as Prizes to encourage the Pupils of their Schools.

7. Recitations. The number of Schools in which Recitations of Prose and Poetry are practised, was 1,738,-increase, 179; a very useful exercise, which ought to be practised monthly in every School.

8. School Lectures.-The Law requires every Local Superintendent to deliver annually an Educational Lecture in each School Section under his charge. The number of Lectures delivered by Local Superintendents during the year 1863, was 2,815,-— decrease, 90; so that this part of prescribed duty has been neglected by Local Superintendents in more than one-fourth of the School Sections. School Lectures by other persons, 320,-decrease, 54.

9. Time of keeping Open the Schools.-The average time of keeping open the Schools during the year 1863, was 10 months and 29 days,-increase, 1 day. The average time of keeping open the Schools during the year in the State of Massachusetts, according to the last Report, was 8 months; in the State of New York, 7 months and 11 days; in the State of Pennsylvania, 5 months and 17 days; in Ohio, 6 months and 2 days; in Michigan, 6 months and 1 day.

The average time of keeping open the Schools in Upper Canada was formerly little over six months in a year, or about the same as that mentioned in the States of Massachusetts, New York and Pennsylvania. When the annual Legislative School Grant was distributed to each School Section on the basis of school population, upon the sole condition of the School being kept open for six months; but by the School Act of 1850, while the apportionment to each Municipality was to be made, as heretofore, upon the basis of population, the distribution of the sum thus apportioned to each Municipality was to be distributed to each School Section, not according to population, but according to the average attendance of Pupils and the length of time the School should be kept open by a legally qualified Teacher, that is, according to the work done in each School Section. This provision of the law, in connection with other influences of the School System, has nearly doubled the work done in the Schools since 1850, in addition to their greater efficiency.

V. Table E.-Text Books, Maps, and Apparatus used in the Schools.

The paramount object of using a uniform series of Text Books in the Schools has been nearly accomplished, and that, without coercion, by the recommendation of a superior class of Books, and by encouraging and supplying deficiencies in the facilities of procuring them. The series of Irish National Text Books, having been prepared by experienced Teachers, and revised by the Members, (Protestant and Roman Catholic,) of the Irish National Board, and every sentence omitted to which any Member of the Board objected, was adopted by the Council of Public Instruction for Upper Canada. Arrangements, (open to all Canadian Booksellers,) were made with the National Board for procuring them, and permission obtained to reprint them in Upper Canada. That permission was extended by the Council of Public Instruction to all Publishers and Printers in Canada who wished to avail themselves of it. In addition, therefore, to the original Dublin editions of these Books, successive rival editions of the Books have appeared in Canada; resulting in rendering a uniform series of excellent Text Books accessible, at unprecedently low prices, to every part of the Country. Their use in the Schools is all but universal; the Readers are used in 4,051 Schools,increase, 125,-in all but 82 Schools reported. It has been necessary to modify and adapt some of these Books for the Schools; and it is worthy of remark that these Canadian adaptations of the National Text Books are rapidly superseding, not only all others, but those for which they were intended as substitutes.

2. On the adoption of the decimal Currency in Canada, it was felt that the National Arithmetics should be adapted to it. This task was undertaken by Mr. J. H. Sangster, M.A., and M.D., the Mathematical Master of the Normal School for Upper Canada; and he has compiled a large, as well as small, Arithmetic,. upon the plan of the original National Arithemtic, but greatly improved, in the estimation of the most competent Judges, and illustrated by examples taken from Canadian statistics. These National Arithmetics, compiled by Mr. Sangster, and published by the enterprise of Mr. John Lovell, of Montreal, are already used in 2,561 Schools,-increase, during the year, 655 Schools; while the old National Arithmetic for which Mr. Lovell's Sangster's Arithmetic is a substitute, was used in 1,560 Schools,-decrease, 643.

3. It has also been long felt that there should be a Canadian Geography, as well as a Canadian Arithemtic, containing Maps and information of the Canadian and British American Provinces, wanting in both English and American Geographies, apart from the egotistical and anti-British spirit of the latter. Among all the Geographies

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