1848 Feb. 2. Treaty of Peace with Mexico, signed at Gaudaloupe, which confirmed the annexation of Texas, and ceded to the United States California and New Mexico, an area of 500,000 square miles. by payment of $15,000,000 and assuming $3. 500,000 debts due citizens of the United States. May 29. Wisconsin admitted into the Union. July. Gold first discovered in California. CABINET OFFICERS, TENTH ADMINISTRATION-1845-1849 Secretary of State-James Buchanan, Pa.

Secretary of the Treasury-Robert J. Walker, Mississippi. Secretary of War-William L. Marcy, N. Y.

Secretaries of the Navy-George Bancroft, Mass.; John Y. Mason, Va.

Postmaster-General-Cave Johnson, Tenn.

Attorneys-General-John Y. Mason, Va.; Nathan Clifford, Me.; Isaac Toucey, Conn.

NATIONAL EXPENSES AND DEBT, 10TH ADMINISTRATION.

Expenses. $30,490,408 27,632,282

Year

1846

1846.

1847 .

1848.

Year.

1845

1846.

1847.

1848 .

IMPORTS AND EXPORTS, 10TH ADMINISTRATION.

60,520,851

60,655,143

Debt.

$17,093,795

16,750,926

38,926,623

48,526,879

Exports.

$114,646,606

113,488,516

158,648,622

154,032,131

PRINCIPAL BATTLES OF THE MEXICAN WAR.

The Americans were victorious in every battle.

ZACHARY TAYLOR, Twelfth President of the United States, was born in Orange County, Virginia, November 24th, 1784. His father was a gallant officer in the Continental Army, associated with Washington; and his mother was a woman of liberal ideas and of sterling worth. Soon after th birth of Zachary, his parents removed to Kentucky, and settleȧ in a wilderness near the present site of Louisville. The subjec of this sketch, therefore, had few educational advantages He toiled on the farm during his minority, and took part in the rude border excitements of the period. In 1808, President Jefferson gave him a lieutenant's commission in the Seventh U. S. Infantry. Nothing of much importance, how

ever, occurred in his army life for many years. The war with Mexico afforded scope for the display of is abilities. Gen. Taylor's extraordinary success at Monterey, and his stubborn resistance at Buena Vista, against a force four times as strong, led by the ablest general of Mexico, could not escape public attention. He became unboundedly popular, and was elected President of the United States in November, 1848. He died suddenly of bilious fever July 9th, 1850, exclaiming : "I have tried to do my duty!"

MILLARD FILLMORE, Vice-President, succeeded Mr. Taylor, and thus became the Thirteenth President of the United States. He was born at Summer Hill, Cayuga County, New York, January 7th, 1800. His father, a plain man, removed in 1819 to Erie County, where he purchased and cultivated a small farm. Young Fillmore had only the most meager literary opportunities, being apprenticed at fourteen to a clothier. He early found a friend in Judge Wood, who received him into his office, and furnished him means until he was admitted to legal practice. He was elected to the Legisla ture of New York in 1829, and in 1832 was chosen as a 1 Representative in Congress. In 1847, he was Comptroller of the State of New York; and in 1848 he was elected to the Vice-Presidency, on the ticket with Mr. Taylor. On the decease of President Taylor, Mr. Fillmore was duly inaugurated and presided over the nation with the coolness and ability that had characterized him in humble spheres. He died at Buffalo, N. Y., March 8th, 1874.

Lewis Cass,

CANDIDATES FOR PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRES., 11TH ADM.
For President. From | For Vice-Pres. | From. | Politics.
Zachary Taylor, La. Millard Fillmore, N. Y. Whig.
Mich. Wm. O. Butler, Ky. Democrat
Martin Van Buren, N. Y.
Free Soil.
POPULAR AND ELECTORAL VOTE, 11TH ADMINISTRATION.
Thirty States voting. Florida, Texas, Iowa and Wis-
consin having been admitted during previous term. Whole
number of Electors, 290.

For President.

Zachary Taylor, 1,362,031 votes. Electoral votes, 163.

Lewis Cass,

66

66

1,122,445

127.

66 0.

Martin Van Buren, 291,455 66 For Vice-President.

66

66

66

Millard Fillmore, 163 Electoral votes.

66

Wm. O. Butler, 127

President Taylor died July 9th, 1850, and Vice-President Fillmore became President.

Important Events of the 11th Administration. 1849 March 5. Zachary Taylor inaugurated President. 1850 July 9. Death of President Taylor.

July 10. Millard Fillmore inaugurated President Sept. 9. California admitted into the Union. Fugitive Slave Act passed. It imposed a fine of $1000, and six months' imprisonment, for harbor. ing or aiding tho escape of fugitive slaves. Eepealed, 1864.

1851 Kossuth, a Hungarian patriot, arrives in New York. 1852 Death of Daniel Webster, and Henry Clay.