his Paris letters to the New York Times, signed "Dick Tinto,' " which were collected into a volume, published in New York in 1854, with the title, Tri-colored Sketches of Paris. His Court of Napoleon, or Society under the First Empire, with Portraits of its Beauties, Wits, and Heroines, appeared in New York in 1857. The following year he published, in Philadelphia, an octavo, entitled Man upon the Sea, or a History of Maritime Adventure, Exploration, and Discovery. A third illustrated work from his pen, Women of Beauty and Heroism, was issued in New York in 1859.

GEORGE P. MORRIS.

[Vol. II, pp. 347-351.3

George P. Morris died in his sixty-third year, in the city of New York, July 6, 1864. His health had been broken by a serious attack of paralysis, and his last years were mostly passed in retirement. A new and complete edition, the latest, of Morris's Poems, including the libretto of "The Maid of Saxony," was published by Scribner, in 1860. In the following year, General Morris contributed an introductory memoir to an enlarged collection of the poetical writings of his early friend and literary associate, Samuel Woodworth.

ELIZA LESLIE. [Vol. II, pp. 87, 89.]

Miss Leslie died at Gloucester, N. J., January 2, 1858, in her sixty-first year.

EDWARD ROBINSON.

[Vol. II., pp. 167-168.]

In 1856, Dr. Robinson published Later Biblical Researches in Palestine, and in the Adjacent Regions, a Journal of Travels in the year 1852, completing the narrative of his explorations of the Holy Land. He continued, however, while actively engaged in the duties of his professorship in the Union Theological Seminary, to devote his attention to this prominent study of his life, and employed himself in the preparation of a systematic work on "The Physical and Historical Geography of the Holy Land," the first portion only of which he lived to complete. This was published after his death, in 1865, with the title, Physical Geography of the Holy Land (Boston, 8vo, pp. 399).

The later years of Dr. Robinson's life were passed under some privations. He suffered from. feeble health and an affection of the eyes, which led him, in the summer of 1862, to visit Germany for surgical relief. He returned to New York, and, after a short, severe illness, died at his residence in that city, January 27, 1863.

HORACE MANN. [Vol. II, pp. 224-226.]

Horace Mann died at Yellow Springs, Kentucky, in his sixty-fourth year, August 2, 1859. His last years were given to the cause of education, to which he had mainly devoted his life, as president of Antioch College. A posthumous volume of Twelve Sermons, delivered by him to the pupils, as head of this institution, bears witness to the earnest spirit in which he performed his work. They are "on various subjects per

taining to Human Duty, and particularly designed to show that the realization of Happiness can alone come from the performance of Duty." Among the special topics are God's Being and Character, Sin, The Prodigal Son, Temptation, Retribution, Immortality, and Miracles.

The Life of Horace Mann, by his Widow, Mrs. Mary Mann (8vo, Boston, 1865), traces his career with minuteness, and is a valuable contribution, not only to biographical literature, but to the history of the times.

CALVIN COLTON.

[Vol. II., pp. 245, 246.]

The Rev. Calvin Colton died at Savannah, Georgia, at the age of fifty-eight, March 13, 1857. His health had been for some time failing, and he had visited the South with the hope of the ameliorating influences of its climate. He died at the house of his friend, the Rev. C. W. Rogers, and his remains, in accordance with his dying request, were brought to the North for interment at Long Meadow, Massachusetts. Mr. Colton's last literary labors were given to the preparation of the life and writings of his eminent friend, Henry Clay. In addition to his first publication on this subject, in ten volumes, octavo, in 1845, entitled, The Life and Times of Henry Clay, he edited, in 1855, a volume of Private Correspondence of Henry Clay; in 1856, another of the series appeared, The Last Seven Years of the Life of Henry Clay, and the following year two volumes of Speeches of Henry Clay. The whole collection of "Life, Correspondence, and Speeches" is thus embraced in six volumes. The first portion of the biography was prepared with the countenance and assistance of Mr. Clay himself. After that statesman's death, in 1852, Mr. Colton passed some time at Ashland, and was put in possession of the family records, enjoying every advantage for the prosecution of his work, which, with the ample material at his command, thus became not merely a personal biography, but a collection of papers and correspondence of great value to the future historians of the country.

JOHN OVERTON CHOULES.

[Vol. II., p. 317.]

The Rev. Dr. Choules died at New York while on a visit to the city, at the house of his friend, Mr. Nelson Robinson, January 5, 1856. He held at the time of his death the pastoral charge of a Baptist church at Newport, and his remains were carried to that city for interment, Few persons were more generally known to the public than Dr. Choules. His association with authors, editors, and politicians, as an instructor, --for he had a few pupils, generally the sons of wealthy parents, under his charge at his home,and his clerical relations, together with his frequent visits to the chief Northern cities, brought him into contact with every thing that was going on of an important character or liberal influence in society. He was eminently a social man, and having mingled with various English celebrities in his youth, and been intimate with very many of the most cultivated public men of America in his manhood, his conversation, enforced by an inexhaustible fund of enthusiasm, was always of

interest. As a medium of communication for authors between one another and the public, by his activity with the press and in other channels, he exercised no unimportant influence in literary society. In this way his reputation, which was extensive, grew out of his personal character rather than from any direct efforts of authorship. He was well read in English literature, fond of the theology and poetry of the seventeenth century, with which he was familiar, and an ardent student of the Cromwellian era in his well-furnished library. Nor should his kindness and amiability, his disposition to please and be pleased, and his serviceable charities, be forgotten in this notice of his character.

GEORGE WASHINGTON BURNAP.

[Vol. II., pp. 351, 852.]

The Rev. Dr. Burnap died at Baltimore, Maryland, of disease of the heart, in his fifty-seventh year, September 8, 1859. His writings have already been enumerated. We may add the brief summary of his character which appeared in the New York Tribune, with the notice of his death: "Dr. Burnap was indebted for the wide sphere of influence which he filled, more to the earnestness of his convictions and his force of expression than to any graces of manner or wealth of illustration. He was remarkable for his clearness of thought and statement, for the logical forms in which he loved to clothe his ideas, and for the vigorous and rather homely phraseology which characterized his style. In his personal bearing he was singularly frank, often, indeed, approaching to bluntness, and delighting to enforce his opinions by strength of argument, without aiming at suavity of manner. He was descended from the Puritan stock, and though professing a by no means Puritan theology, was a rare example, in recent times, of the virtues and defects of the Puritan character."

NICHOLAS MURRAY.

[Vol. II., p. 852.]

The Rev. Dr. Murray died at his residence, at Elizabeth, N. J., February 4, 1861, in the fiftyninth year of his age. An interesting narrative of his active career has been published in a volume of Memoirs, by Samuel Irenæus Prime. Though chiefly known to the public by his controversial writings against the Romanists, he carried his energy into various departments. Beside the care of his congregation at Elizabeth, in his indefatigable pastorate, he was very much employed as a popular lecturer through the country, was the author of several volumes, while his influence was exerted in promoting the cause of common-school education in New Jersey, in the formation of the Historical Society of the State, and the furtherance of other liberal objects. He was so diligent and systematic in the preparation of his sermons, to which he gave much attention, that at his death several recently prepared, which he had not preached, were found in his study. They were shortly after printed, with the title, A Dying Legacy to the People of his Beloved Charge. The last work which he carried through the press was a volume entitled Preachers and Preaching, intended to define and increase the influence of the pulpit.

RUFUS DAWES.

[Vol. II., pp. 858, 354.]

The later years of Mr. Dawes's life were passed as a clerk in one of the Government departments at Washington, in the District of Columbia. He died in that city, at the age of fifty-six, November 30, 1859.

GEORGE W. BETHUNE.

[Vol. II., pp. 408, 404.]

Dr. Bethune continued pastor of a congregation of the Reformed Dutch Church at Brook

lyn till 1859, when he was led by impaired health to resign the charge. He then visited Italy, preached for a time in the American Chapel at Rome, returning to New York in 1860. He then became associate pastor of a church in that city, but was again led by ill health to return to Italy. He resided some months at Florence, and died at that place on the 27th of April, 1862. A posthumous collection of his sermons was published in two volumes, in 1864, a series entitled Expository Lectures on the Heidelberg Catechism, a subject upon which he had bestowed much attention.

RICHARD HILDRETH.

[Vol. II., pp. 459-462.]

In addition to the works enumerated, Mr. Hildreth edited in New York, in 1856, a duodecimo volume compiled from the writings of John Lord Campbell, entitled Lives of Atrocious Judges. He was one of the writers for Appleton's American Cyclopædia, and continued his labors on the New York Tribune till in 1861 he was appointed by President Lincoln United States Consul at ing health compelled him to relinquish it. He Trieste. He held this position for a time, till failstill remained abroad, however, gradually sinking, till his feeble constitution was exhausted. He died at Florence, Italy, on the 11th of July, 1865.

HANNAH FLAGG GOULD.

[Vol. II., pp. 497, 498.]

Miss Gould died at the age of seventy-seven, at her residence in Newburyport, Massachusetts, September 5, 1865. An obituary notice in the Boston Transcript pays this tribute to her amiable career as a Christian lady and author:

"Miss Gould led a quiet life in the homestead where she dwelt for half a century; a life which would have been as secluded as it was unostentatious, but for her genial hospitality, and the many visitors, among them not a few of our distinguished authors, who sought the acquaintance of a lady widely known as a charming writer when American literature was in its infancy, and when but few of her own sex joined her in contributing to its growth. The personal character of the deceased was of rare excellence. She united the graces of a Christian to the attractions of a cultivated mind; and in her pursuit of letters never neglected the simplest womanly duties or failed to exhibit the womanly virtues of home. As a daughter her devotion to her venerated father was untiring in its respect, affection, and watchful care; and throughout her life her friendship was sought and prized both by the young and the old. Her memory will be tranquilly cherished in many hearts; and her pleasant and pathe tic lyrics will continue to be read for their fine feeling,

Historical Society, includes addresses by the Hon. Robert C. Winthrop, Mr. George Ticknor, Mr. Jared Sparks, the Rev. Dr. Frothingham, Professor Felton, and the Hon. Edward Everett, in which literary eulogy is tempered by a prevailing sentiment of personal love and admiration; and like tributes were paid by his brother historian, Mr. Bancroft, in an address before the New York Historical Society, and the accom plished Hon. Henry D. Gilpin, before the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. The character of Prescott, indeed, was of singular worth. With a profound modesty it united a remarkable selfdenial and lofty perseverance in duty. Possessed of wealth, with a deprivation of sight so nearly entire that it might have seemed to justify any self-indulgence, with elegant tastes which are apt to withdraw men from earnest labors, he yet devoted his life to one of the most onerous departments of literary research. By a method and concentration with few parallels, he produced a series of works of great value, the ease and refinement of which are as remarkable as their profound original investigation. He devoted his life from youth, consciously and in set purpose, to the one great labor of the historian, and, overcoming many difficulties, achieved his brilliant success. The fidelity of his studies is seen on every page, and not less marked is that happy, flowing narrative, presenting every incident clearly and in order, burdened with no superfluous matter. It was an art, this of narration, so frequently neglected by modern historians, to which he had disciplined his mind with care. We read in the reminiscences of one of his secretaries of his getting his powers in tune by listening to the reading of the novels of Sir Walter Scott and other great masters of fiction. An hour thus spent in the morning was an habitual prelude to the labors of the day. "He was very fond of novels, and thought they stimulated his imagination, and contributed to the animation and picturesqueness of his style."

The life of Prescott has been written by his friend Mr. George Ticknor, the historian of Spanish literature, with a fidelity and pains-taking, critical judgment and candor, an unaffected love of letters, and an unprejudiced personal affection, which have given the work a rank with the best productions of its class. It was published in 1864, in a 4to volume of five hundred pages of unusual taste and elegance, which was immediately followed by other editions in octavo.

THEODORE PARKER. [Vol. II., pp. 556–557.]

In the winter of 1858–9, the Rev. Mr. Parker, having suffered an attack of consumptive disease, to which, notwithstanding his many years of vigorous activity, he appears to have been constitutionally subject, was compelled to leave his congregation in Boston and seek relief in the milder climate of the West Indies. He was greatly prostrated when he reached the Island of Santa Cruz; but he slowly rallied, and was enabled in April, 1859, to address a letter of some length to the members of the Twentyeighth Congregational Society of Boston, to which he was attached as preacher, which was immediately published at Boston in a duodecimo volume, with the title, Theodore Parker's Expe

rience as a Minister, with some account of his early Life and Education for the Ministry. In this autobiographical work the author recounts the influences of his mental cultivation, and the grounds of the opinions which he had formed and strenuously advocated in lectures and in the pulpit on topics of theology, politics, education, and social welfare.

Mr. Parker's health was sufficiently invigorated by his visit to the West Indies to enable him to make the voyage to Europe from Santa Cruz, with a prospect of further recovery. He passed the summer of 1859 on the continent of Europe, mainly in Switzerland, and wintered in Italy, at Rome. He enjoyed the beauties of nature, and was keenly alive, as usual, to the public questions of the day, at home and abroad, but there was no armor in the brightness of his intellect or his indomitable strength of will against the assaults of his insidious disease, to which he succumbed, on his way to the north, at Florence, May 10, 1860. He lies buried, with a simple inscription on a tombstone recording the day of his birth and death, in the cemetery outside the city.

By his will, Mr. Parker bequeathed a valuable library of some thirteen thousand volumes, rich in ancient and foreign learning, to the Free City Library of Boston.

Of the eulogies pronounced by his friends, we may refer to the "Tribute" pronounced by the Rev. William R. Alger, who, in a pulpit discourse at Boston, while he discussed the prominent traits which so strongly marked his character, celebrated the kindlier virtues of the man, which were less known to the public. The Life and Correspondence of Theodore Parker, by John Weiss (2 vols., 8vo, New York, 1864). is a full and elaborate memoir, narrative and critical, exhibiting, with much force and originality, the peculiar habits of thought, cherished opinions, and life-long studies of its subject.

ELISHA KENT KANE.

[Vol. II., pp. 697-699.]

Dr. Kane reached New York, on his return from his second Arctic voyage, as commander of the Advance," October 11, 1855, nearly two years and five months after his departure from that port. His arrival excited great interest in the public mind, already stimulated by the record of his previous adventures; and when his journals and narrative appeared, they were received with unprecedented enthusiasm. This new work, to which he at once devoted himself with his accustomed energy, bore the title, Arctic Erplorations: the Second Grinnell Expedition in Search of Sir John Franklin, 1853, 54, 55. It appeared, like his previous work, illustrated by an extensive series of animated engravings from the author's own designs, in two volumes 8vo, at Philadelphia, in 1856, and in a short time reached a sale by subscription of no less than sixty-five thousand copies. The book, recounting a remarkable series of adventures and discoveries, pursued by the author in delicate health, under the extraordinary severities and trials of a hitherto untraversed Arctic region, was written in the same terse, forcible, yet unaffected style which marked his previous narra

tive. It relates the story of the voyage accomplished the first season through the waters of Baffin's Bay, along the coast of Greenland, to the ultimate station of the brig at a spot in latitude 78° 43′ N., named by Dr. Kane, Rensselaer Harbor. From September, 1853, to June, 1855, an interval of twenty-one months, including two rigorous winters, this ice-locked, secluded spot was the home of our author. Thence the expeditions of parties on sledges were made, which resulted in the examination of the far northern coast-line, and the probable discovery of an open Arctic sea surrounding the pole. The endurance of the hardships of privation, of cold and disease, in these two winters, called forth all the skill, experience, and heroism of Dr. Kane, who, feeble as he was, struggling with as confirmed heart disease, bore up himself and sustained the health and spirits of his men. When the party was finally compelled to abandon the vessel, in the summer of 1855, their resources, physical and mental, were again severely tested in the journey by boats and sledges to the settled parts of Greenland. There they happily met the vessels sent out by the United States Government for their relief, and were brought in safety to New York.

The narrative of the expedition which established the author's high rank in the noble list of Arctic explorers, was barely finished when he was compelled to seek refuge from the exhaustion consequent upon its preparation in a voyage to Europe for his health. He embarked in the steamer Baltic, at New York, in October, 1856, and reached London with distressing symptoms of consumption. Hurrying away from the oppressive November atmosphere of the metropolis, and the scientific honors which awaited him, he sailed for a warmer climate in the West Indies. He reached Cuba by the way of St. Thomas on Christmas Day. There he was joined by his mother and brother, who came from his home to soothe his parting hours. He died at Havana, having just completed his thirtyseventh year, February 16, 1857. His remains were brought with the most distinguished funeral honors to the place of his birth, by way of New Orleans, Louisville, Cincinnati, Columbus, Baltimore, and were finally laid in the tomb of his family at the Laurel Hill Cemetery.

The firm, energetic, modest, truthful character of the man is shown in his writings, which will survive not only by the interest of the stirring incidents which they preserve, but by the stylethe impress of the man-by which they are characterized. Had the author lived he would doubtless have accomplished much in addition, in rigorous scientific investigation, to which his attention in his later years was steadily directed. As it is, he has left a noble monument of the conquest of mind and spiritual energy over extraordinary difficulties and discouragements of ill health and bodily suffering.

A biography of Dr. Kane was published by Dr. William Elder, of Philadelphia, in 1858.

ALICE B. HAVEN. [Vol. II., pp. 682, 683.]

Mrs. Haven died at her home at Mamaroneck, August 23, 1863. Her habitual literary employments were much interrupted in her last years by illness; but she found time, in the intervals of domestic cares, and journeys undertaken for health, to add to the series of juvenile books already mentioned, the stories, Out of Debt, Out of Danger, and Where There's a Will There's a Way, and to publish occasional poems and sketches in the magazines. A deep feeling pervades these later writings, which unite with the graces of a feminine mind the earnest convictions of Christian experience. These qualities are especially observable in the portions of her private diary which have been published since her death, in an instructive and amiable biography, entitled "Cousin Alice: a Memoir of Alice B. Haven."

CAROLINE M. KIRKLAND.

[Vol. II., pp. 562-566.]

In 1857, Mrs. Kirkland published Memoirs of George Washington (New York, 12mo, pp. 516), an agreeable narrative, in which his personal and domestic life is particularly set forth, with original passages from the diaries and papers preserved in the archives at Washington. Subsequently to this, Mrs. Kirkland compiled a selection of poetry, entitled The School-Girl's Garland, published by Mr. Scribner in New York. Her later years were given to the cause of education and philanthropy. At the outbreak of the war of the rebellion she became actively engaged in various deeds of charity and beneficence connected with the alleviation of the sufferings of the poor, brought on by the struggle. It was in prosecution of these disinterested labors, while employed in the conduct of the great sanitary fair in New York, that, in the midst of her benevolent exertions, she was stricken by paralysis, and died suddenly on the morning of the 5th April, 1864.

In a funeral discourse at All Souls' Unitarian

Church, New York, the Rev. Dr. S. K. Lothrop, of Boston, paid a deserved tribute to her merits as a writer, her “originality and freshness" in composition, and the purity, disinterestedness, and amiability of her character.

EMMA C. EMBURY.

[Vol. II., pp. 485, 486.]

Mrs. Embury died at Brooklyn, N. Y., February 10, 1863.

RUFUS WILMOT GRISWOLD.

[Vol. II., pp. 611, 612.]

Mr. Griswold died at New York, August 27, 1857, at the age of forty-two. His latest literary employment, in addition to those enumerated, was the preparation of the text for an illustrated compelled him to leave unfinished. Life of Washington, which increasing ill health

Mr. Griswold was a diligent collector of books relating to American history and literature, and left a large library in these departments, which was sold under direction of his executor, Mr. George H. Moore, in New York, in May,