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that are lower; nor is it absurd to inquire whether there is a plurality of worlds. Induction warrants the opinion, that the planets and the stars are tenanted, or are to be tenanted, by inhabitants endowed with reason; for though man is but a new comer upon earth, the lower animals had appeared through unnumbered ages, like a long twilight before the day. Some indeed tremulously inquire, how it may be in those distant spheres with regard to redemption? But the scruple is uncalled for. Since the Mediator is from the beginning, he exists for all intelligent creatures not less than for all time. It is very narrow and contradictory to confine his office to the planet on which we dwell. In other worlds the facts of history may be, or rather, by all the laws of induction, will be different; but the essential relations of the finite to the infinite are, and must be, invariable. It is not more certain that the power of gravity extends through the visible universe, than that throughout all time and all space, there is but one mediation between God and created reason.

But leaving aside the question, how far rational life extends, it is certain that on earth the capacity of coming into connexion with the infinite is the distinguishing mark of our kind, and proves it to be one. Here, too, is our solace for the indisputable fact, that humanity, in its upward course, passes through the shadows of death, and over the relics of decay. Its march is strown with the ruins of formative efforts, that were never crowned with success. How often does the just man suffer, and sometimes suffer most for his brightest virtues ! How often do noblest sacrifices to regenerate a nation seem to have been offered in vain! How often is the champion of liberty struck down in the battle, and the symbol which he uplifted, trampled under foot! But what is the life of an individual to that of his country? Of a state, or a nation, at a given moment, to that of the race? The just man would cease to be just, if he were not willing to perish for his kind. The scoria that fly from the iron at the stroke of the artisan, show how busily he plies his task; the clay which is rejected from the potter's wheel, proves the progress of his work; the chips of marble that are thrown off by the chisel of the sculptor, leave the miracle of beauty to grow under his hand. Nothing is lost. I leave to others the questioning of Infinite power, why the parts are distributed as they are, and not otherwise. Humanity moves on, attended by its glorious company of martyrs. It is our consolation, that their sorrows and persecution and death are encountered in the common cause, and not in vain.

ROBERT GREENHOW.

ROBERT GREENHOW was born, in the year 1800, at Richmond, Virginia. He was the son of Robert Greenhow, one of the leading citizens of the place, who had at one time filled the office of mayor. Greenhow's mother perished in the conflagration of the Richmond theatre, and he himself narrowly escaped destruction in the same calamity. At the age of fifteen he removed to New York for the purpose of completing his edu cation. He here became a student in the office of Drs. Hosack and Francis, and attended lectures at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, where he took his degree in 1821, having in the meantime mixed freely in the best society of the city, and gained universal respect by the extent of his acquirements and the activity of his mind. He early developed the powers of an unusually retentive me

mory, said to have been surpassed in the present generation only by that of the historian Niebuhr, a faculty that proved of the greatest service to him through life. After leaving college he visited Europe, where he became intimately acquainted with Lord Byron, and other distinguished men. After his return he delivered a course of lectures on chemistry before the Literary and Philosophical Society of New York.

In consequence of commercial disasters which at this period impaired his father's fortune, Greenhow was forced to rely on his own exertions for support. By the influence of his old friend, General Morgan Lewis, he obtained, in 1828, the appointment of translator to the Department of State at Washington.

In 1837 he prepared, by order of Congress, a Report upon the Discovery of the North-West coast of North America. The researches which he had previously made into the early history of Oregon and California were of essential service to himself and the country in this undertaking, as they contributed greatly to establish the claims of the United States secured by the Ashburton negotiations. The report was afterwards enlarged by the author, and published with the title of History of Oregon and California, which at once took the rank it has since maintained of a thoroughly reliable authority on the subject.

In December, 1848, Mr. Greenhow read a paper before the New York Historical Society, involving curious speculation and research, on the probabilities of the illustrious Archbishop Fenelon having passed some of the years of his youth as a missionary among the Iroquois or Five Nations in the western part of the state.* In a previous communication to the Society, dated Washington City, November 16, 1844, he recommends the preparation of a Memoir on the Discovery of the Atlantic Coasts of the United States, calling attention to the absence of popular information on the first discovery of Chesapeake Bay.

In 1850 Dr. Greenhow, on his way to California, passed four months in the City of Mexico, engaged in a minute examination of its monuments and archives. After his arrival in California he was appointed, in 1853, Associate Law Agent to the United States Land Commission for the determination of California claims, holding its sessions in San Francisco. His intimate acquaintance with the Spanish language and the technicalities of Mexican law, were of the greatest service in facilitating the public business. On the resignation of the land agent he made an application for the vacant office, which proved unsuccessful. After the appointment of the new incumbent, he resigned his post, to the great regret of all connected with the Commission.

He died in the spring of the following year, in consequence of the fracture of his thigh, occasioned by falling, during a dark night, into a deep excavation opened in one of the streets of San Francisco.

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known of our authors. He was born at Ridgefield, Connecticut, August 19, 1793, and commenced life as a publisher in Hartford. In 1824 he visited Europe, and on his return established himself as a publisher in Boston, where he commenced an original annual, The Token, which he edited for a number of years, the contributions and illustrations being the products of American authors and artists; Mr. Goodrich himself furnishing several poems, tales, and sketches to the successive volumes, and rendering a further service to the public by his encouragement of young and unknown authors, among whom is to be mentioned Nathaniel Hawthorne, the finest of whose "Twice-told Tales" were first told in The Token, and, strange to say, without attracting any considerable attention. The famous Peter Parley series was commenced about the same time; Mr. Goodrich turning to good account in his little square volumes his recent travels in Europe, and his tact in book arrangement and illustration. The Geography was an especial favorite, and it is probable that the primary fact of that science is settled in the minds of some millions of schoolboys past and present, in indissoluble connexion with the couplet by which it was first transmitted thereto,

The world is round, and like a ball
Seems swinging in the air.

Mr. Goodrich has, however, higher if not broader claims to poetic reputation, than are furnished by the little production we have cited. He has found time, amid his constant labor as a compiler, to assert his claims as an original author by the publication, in 1837, of The Outcast, and Other Poems; in 1841, of a selection from his contributions in prose and poetry to The Token and various magazines, with the title, Sketches from a Student's Window; and in 1851, by an elegantly illustrated edition of his Poems, including The Outcast. In 1838, Mr. Goodrich published Fireside Education, by the author of Peter Parley's Tales, a volume of judicious counsel to parents on that important topic, presented in a popular and attractive manner.

Mr. Goodrich is at present United States Consul at Paris, where he has made arrangements for the translation and introduction of his

Peter Parley series into France, under his own supervision.

A simple enumeration of the various publications* of this gentleman under his own name, and that of his friend of the knee-breeches and stout cane, is the most significant comment which can be presented on a career of remarkable literary activity.

GOOD NIGHT.

The sun has sunk behind the hills,
The shadows o'er the landscape creep;
A drowsy sound the woodland fills,
And nature folds her arms to sleep:

Good night-good night.

The chattering jay has ceased his din—
The noisy robin sings no more-
The crow, his mountain haunt within,
Dreams 'mid the forest's surly roar:

Good night-good night.

The sunlit cloud floats dim and pale;
The dew is falling soft and still;
The mist hangs trembling o'er the vale,
And silence broods o'er yonder mill:
Good night-good night.

The rose, so ruddy in the light,
Bends on its stem all rayless now,
And by its side the lily white,

A sister shadow, seems to bow :
Good night-good night.

We present the titles of these writings as we find them in Mr. Roorbach's carefully prepared Bibliotheca Americana. Ancient History, 12mo.; Anecdotes of the Animal Kingdom, 16mo.; Book of Government and Laws; Book of Literature, Ancient and Modern; Enterprise, Industry, and Art of Man, 16mo.; Fireside Education, 12mo. Glance at Philosophy, Mental, Moral, and Social, 16mo.; History of American Indians, 16mo.; History of All Nations on a New and Improved Plan, 1800 pp. small 4to.; Lights and Shadows of American History; Lights and Shadows of African History; Lights and Shadows of Asiatic History; Lights and Shadows of European History; Lives of Benefactors, including Patriots. Inventors, Discoverers, &c. 16mo.; Lives of Celebrated Women, 16mo.; Lives of Eccentric and Wonderful Persons; Lives of Famous Men of Modern Times; Lives of Famous Men of Ancient Times; Lives of Famous American Indians, 16mo.; Lives of Signers of Declaration of Independence; Manners and Customs of All Nations, 16mo.; Manners, Customs, and Antiquities of American Indians; Modern History, 12mo.; National Geography, 4to.; Pictorial History of England, France, Greece, Rome, and the United States, 12mo.; Pictorial Geography of the World, 8vo.; Pictorial Natural History, 12mo.; Poems, 12mo.; School Reader, First, 18ino.; School Reader, Second, 18mo.; School Reader, Third, 18mo.; School Reader, Fourth, 12mo.; School Reader, Fifth, 12mo.; South America and West Indies; Sow Well, Reap Well; Sketches from a Student's Window; Universal Geography; Wonders of Geology, 16mo.; The World and its Inhabitants.

Parley's Arithmetic; Africa; America; Anecdotes; Asia; Alexander Selkirk; Bible Dictionary; Bible Gazetteer; Bible Stories; Book of the United States; Book of Books, a Selection from Parley's Magazine; Consul's Daughter; Captive of Nootka; Columbus; Common School History; Dick Boldhero, 18mo.; Europe; Every-Day Book; Fables; Farewell; First Book of History, Western Hemisphere; First Book of Reading and Spelling, 18mo.; Fairy Tales; Flower Basket; Franklin; Gift, 16mo.; Geography for Beginners; Gardener; Greece; History of the World; History of North America; Humorist's Tales; Home in the Sea, 18mo.; Illustrations of Astronomy; Illustrations of Commerce; Illustrations of History and Geography; Illustrations of the Animal Kingdom; Illustrations of the Vegetable Kingdom; Islands; Mines of Different Countries; Moral Tales; Make the Best of It; Magazine; Miscellanies; New Geography for Beginners: New York; Picture Book; Picture Books, twelve kinds; Present: Rose Bud; Rome; Right is Might, 18mo.; Second Book of History, Eastern Hemisphere: Story of Captain Riley; Story of La Perouse; Ship; Sea; Sun, Moon, and Stars; Short Stories; Short Stories for Long Nights; Tales of Adventure; Tales for the Times: Tales of Sea and Land, 18mo.; Tale of the Revolution; Third Book of History, Ancient History; Three Months on the Sea; TruthFinder, or Inquisitive Jack, 18mo.; Universal History: Wit Bought; What to Do, and How to Do It; Winter Evening Tales: Washington; Wonders of South America; Young America, or Book of Government.

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The bat may wheel on silent wing-
The fox his guilty vigils keep-
The boding owl his dirges sing;
But love and innocence will sleep:
Good night-good night!

THE TEACHER'S LESSON.

I saw a child some four years old,

Along a meadow stray;

Alone she went-unchecked-untold-
Her home not far away.

She gazed around on earth and sky-
Now paused, and now proceeded;
Hill, valley, wood,-she passed them by
Unmarked, perchance unheeded.

And now gay groups of roses bright,
In circling thickets bound her
Yet on she went with footsteps light,
Still gazing all around her.

And now she paused, and now she stooped,
And plucked a little flower-

A simple daisy 'twas, that drooped
Within a rosy bower.

The child did kiss the little gem,
And to her bosom pressed it;

And there she placed the fragile stem,
And with soft words caressed it.

I love to read a lesson true,

From nature's open bookAnd oft I learn a lesson new,

From childhood's careless look. Children are simple-loving-true; "Tis Heaven that made them so; And would you teach them-be so tooAnd stoop to what they know. Begin with simple lessons-things On which they love to look: Flowers, pebbles, insects, birds on wingsThese are God's spelling-book. And children know His A, B, C,

As bees where flowers are set : Would'st thou a skilful teacher be i—

Learn, then, this alphabet. From leaf to leaf, from page to page, Guide thou thy pupil's look, And when he says, with aspect sage, "Who made this wondrous book?" Point thou with reverent gaze to heaven, And kneel in earnest prayer, ‘ That lessons thou hast humbly given, May lead thy pupil there.

GEORGE HILL

GEORGE HILL was born at Guilford, Connecticut, in 1796. He completed his collegiate studies with high honor at Yale in 1816; was then employed in one of the public offices at Washington, and entered the Navy in 1827 as a teacher of mathematics. In this capacity he made a cruise in the Mediterranean, where his Ruins of Athens, and several other poems suggested by its classic localities, were written. On his return, he was appointed librarian of the Department of State at Washington. After his resignation of this situation, he was appointed United States Consul for the southern portion of Asia Minor, a position he was also obliged to decline after a brief trial, in consequence of ill-health. Returning to Washing

ton, he became a clerk in one of the Departments.*

Mr. Hill published, anonymously, The Ruins of Athens, with a few short poems, in 1831. These were reprinted, with a few others, in an edition bearing his name in 1839.*

The Ruins of Athens is a poem occupied with description and reflection, suggested to the author on a visit to the city, while yet under the sway of the Turks. It contains forty-one Spenserian stanzas, and is written in a subdued and careful manner. Titania's Banquet is a successful imitation of the Masques of the Elizabethan era, but the subject was, for obvious reasons, an injudicious choice for the author. The remainder of the volume is occupied by a few lyrical pieces, suggested by themes of domestic or national interest; several sonnets and imitations of the manner of Swift, Prior, Burns, Herrick, and others a favorite exercise with the writers of the last century which we do not often meet with in the poets of the present day.

MEDITATION AT ATHENS FROM THE RUINS OF ATHENS.

Approach! but not thou favored one, thou light And sportive insect, basking in the ray Of youth and pleasure, heedless of the night. Dreamer! the shapes that in thy pathway play, Thy morning pathway, elsewhere chase! away! Come not, till like the fading weeds that twine Yon time-worn capital, the thoughts, that prey On hopes of high but baffled aim, decline, And weary of the race the goal unwon resign. Is thy hearth desolate, or trod by feet Whose unfamiliar steps recall no sound Of such, as, in thine early days, to greet Thy coming, hastened? are the ties that bound Thy heart's hopes severed? hast thou seen the ground

Close o'er her, thy young love? and felt, for thee
That earth contains no other? look around!
Here thou may'st find companions:-hither flee!
Where Ruin dwells, and men, nay, gods have ceased
to be!

Wall, tower, and temple crushed and heaped in one
Wide tomb, that echoes to the Tartar's cry
And drum heard rolling from the Parthenon,
The wild winds sweeping through it, owl's grey

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In blushing brightness; the grey peaks on high Lift her old altars in the clear blue north; The clouds ascend, on light winds borne, that come Laden with fragrance; and from each high-place, Where every god in turn has found a home, Nature sends up her incense, and her face Unveils to Him whose shrine and dwelling are all space.

Morn hushed as midnight! save perchance is heard At times the hum of insect, or the grass That sighs, or rustles by the lizard stirred: And still we pause; and may, where empire was And ruin is, no stone unheeded pass,— No rude Memorial, that seems to wear Vestige of that whose glory, as a glass Shattered but still resplendent, lives, and share The spirit of the spot, the "dream of things that

were."

Land of the free, of battle and the Muse! It grieves me that my first farewell to thee Should be my last: that, nurtured by the dews Of thy pure fount, some blossoms from the tree, Where rany a lyre of ancient minstrelsy Now silent hangs, I plucked, but failed to rear, As 't is, a chance-borne pilgrim of the sea, I lay them on thy broken altar here, A passing worshipper, but humble and sincere.

LIBERTY.

There is a spirit working in the world,
Like to a silent subterranean fire;
Yet, ever and anon, some Monarch hurled
Aghast and pale attests its fearful ire.

The dungeoned Nations now once more respire
The keen and stirring air of Liberty.
The struggling Giant wakes, and feels he's free.

By Delphi's fountain-cave, that ancient Choir Resume their song; the Greek astonished hears, And the old altar of his worship rears.

Sound on! Fair sisters! sound your boldest lyre,— Peal your old harmonies as from the spheres.

Unto strange Gods too long we've bent the knee, The trembling mind, too long and patiently.

A. B. LONGSTREET,

THE author of Georgia Scenes, and a native of that state, born at the close of the last century, has practised at intervals the somewhat diverse occupations of law and the ministry of the Methodist Church. He was for several years President of Emory College, at Oxford, Georgia. In his youth he was an intimate of George McDuffie and others, who became leading men of the South, an 1 the adventures which he shared with these furnish some of the anecdotes of his capital book of humor, entitled, Georgia Scenes, Characters, Incidents, &c., in the First Half Century of the Republic, by a Native Georgian, which first appeared in a newspaper of the state, and subsequently in a volume from the press of the Harpers, in New York, in 1840. "They consist," the author tells us in his preface, "of nothing more than fanciful combinations of real incidents and characters; and throwing into those scenes, which would be otherwise dull and insipid, some personal incident or adventure of my own, real or imaginary, as it would best suit my purpose; usually real, but happening at different times and under different circumstances from those in which they are here represented. I have not always, however, taken this liberty. Some of the scenes are as literally true as the frailties of memory

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would allow them to be." In style and subject matter they are vivid, humorous descriptions, by a good story teller, who employs voice, manner, and a familiar knowledge of popular dialogue in their narration. They are quaint, hearty sketches of a rough life, and the manners of an unsettled country-such as are rapidly passing away in numerous districts where they have prevailed, and which may at some future and not very distant day, be found to exist only in such genial pages as Judge Longstreet's. Besides these collected Sketches, the author has been a contributor of similar papers, descriptive of local character, to the Magnolia, conducted by Mr. Simms, and the Orion, another magazine of South Carolina, edited by Mr. W. C. Richards.

GEORGIA THEATRICS FROM THE GEORGIA SCENER.

If my memory fail me not, the 10th of June, 1809, found me, at about 11 o'clock in the forenoon, ascending a long and gentle slope in what was called "The Dark Corner" of Lincoln. I believe it took its name from the moral darkness which reigned over that portion of the county at the time of which I am speaking. If in this point of view it was but a shade darker than the rest of the county, it was inconceivably dark. If any man can name a trick or sin which had not been committed at the time of which I am speaking, in the very focus of all the county's illumination (Lincolnton), he must himself be the most inventive of the tricky, and the very Judas of sinners. Since that time, however (all humor aside), Lincoln has become a living proof “ that light shineth in darkness." Could I venture to mingle the solemn with the ludicrous, even for the purposes of honorable contrast, I could adduce from this county instances of the most numerous and wonderful transitions from vice and folly to virtue and holiness, which have ever, perhaps, been witnessed since the days of the apostolic ministry. So much, lest it should be thought by some that what I am about to relate is characteristic of the county in which it occurred.

Whatever may be said of the moral condition of the Dark Corner at the time just mentioned. its natural condition was anything but dark. It smiled in all the charms of spring; and spring borrowed a new charm from its undulating grounds. its luxuriant woodlands, its sportive streams, its vocal birds, and its blushing flowers.

Rapt with the enchantment of the season and the scenery around me, I was slowly rising the slope, when I was startled by loud, profane, and boisterous voices, which seemed to proceed from a thick covert of undergrowth about two hundred yards in the advance of me, and about one hundred to the right of my road.

"You kin, kin you?"

Boo-00-00 !

"Yes, I kin, and am able to do it! Oh, wake snakes, and walk your chalks! Brimstone and fire! Don't hold me, Nick Stoval! The fight's made up, and let's go at it. my soul if I don't jump down his throat, and gallop every chitterling out of him before you can say quit !'"

"Now, Nick, don't hold him! Jist let the wildcat come, and I'll tame him. Ned'll see me a fair fight, won't you, Ned?"

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Oh, yes; I'll see you a fair fight, blast my old shoes if I don't."

"That's sufficient, as Tom Haynes said when he saw the elephant. Now let him come."

Thus they went on, with countless oaths inter

spersed, which I dare not even hint at, and with much that I could not distinctly hear.

In Mercy's name! thought I, what band of ruffians has selected this holy season and this heavenly retreat for such Pandæmonian riots! I quickened my gait, and had come nearly opposite to the thick grove whence the noise proceeded, when my eye caught indistinctly, and at intervals, through the foliage of the dwarf-oaks and hickories which intervened, glimpses of a man or men, who seemed to be in a violent struggle; and I could occasionally catch those deep-drawn, emphatic oaths which men in conflict utter when they deal blows. I dismounted, and hurried to the spot with all speed. I had overcome about half the space which separated it from me, when I saw the combatants come to the ground, and, after a short struggle, I saw the uppermost one (for I could not see the other) make a heavy plunge with both his thumbs, and at the same instant I heard a cry in the accent of keenest torture, " Enough! My eye's out!"

I was so completely horrorstruck, that I stood transfixed for a moment to the spot where the cry met me. The accomplices in the hellish deed which had been perpetrated had all fled at my approach; at least I supposed so, for they were not to be

seen.

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"Now, blast your corn-shucking soul," said the vietor (a youth about eighteen years old) as he rose from the ground, come cutt'n your shines 'bout me agin, next time I come to the Courthouse, will you! Get your owl-eye in agin if you can!"

At this moment he saw me for the first time. He looked excessively embarrassed, and was moving off, when I called to him, in a tone emboldened by the sacredness of my office and the iniquity of his crime, "Come back, you brute! and assist me in relieving your fellow-mortal, whom you have ruined for ever!"

My rudeness subdued his embarrassment in an instant; and, with a taunting curl of the nose, he

replied, "You needn't kick before you're spurr'd. There a'nt nobody there, nor ha'nt been nother. I was jist seein' how I could 'a' fout." So saying, he bounded to his plough, which stood in the corner of the fence about fifty yards beyond the battle gro ind.

And, would you believe it, gentle reader! his report was true. All that I had heard and seen was nothing more nor less than a Lincoln rehearsal; in which the youth who had just left me had played all the parts of all the characters of a Courthouse fight.

I went to the ground from which he had risen, and there were the prints of his two thumbs, plunged up to the balls in the mellow earth, about the distance of a man's eyes apart; and the ground around was broken up as if two stags had been engaged upon it.

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ing to the early history of Louisiana. These he' published, with selections from the narratives of Purchas and others in the English language, in a series of five volumes octavo, with the title, Historical Collections of Louisiana, embracing many rare and valuable Documents relating to the Natural, Civil, and Political History of that State, compiled with Historical and Biographical Notes, and an Introduction, by B. F. French. The successive volumes appeared in 1846, 1850, 1851, 1852, 1853; and two additional volumes, bringing the annals of the country down to the period of its cession to the United States, are nearly ready for publication. Mr. French has also in preparation two volumes of Historical Annals relating to the history of North America, from its discovery to the year 1850. He has of late been a resident of this city. Before leaving New Orleans he made a donation of a large portion of his extensive private library to the Fisk Free Library of that city.

FRANCIS PATRICK KENRICK,

ARCHBISHOP of Baltimore, and one of the first Latinists of the country, was born in Dublin, December 3, 1797. In 1815 he went to Rome, where he studied in the College of the Propaganda, and was ordained priest in 1821. In the same year he removed to Kentucky, and became professor in St. Joseph's College, Bardstown. In 1828 he wrote a series of letters, in an ironical vein, to the Rev. Dr. Blackburn, President of the Presbyterian College, Danville, who had opposed the doctrines of his church on the subject of the Eucharist, in a number of articles signed Omega, entitled Letters of Omikron to Omega. In 1829 he published four sermons preached in the cathedral at Bardstown. On the sixth of June, Trinity Sunday, 1830, he was consecrated bishop, and removed to Philadelphia, as the coadjutor of the Rt. Rev. Bishop Connell of that diocese, to whose

office he succeeded in 1842.

In 1839 and 1840 he issued a work in the Latin language on dogmatic theology, in four volumes octavo, Theologia Dogmatica, which was followed in 1841, '2, and '3 by three volumes in the same language, entitled Theologia Moralis.*

In 1837 he published a series of letters addressed to the Rt. Rev. John H. Hopkins, Protestant Episcopal Bishop of Vermont, On the Primacy of the Holy See and the Authority of General Councils, in reply to a work by that prelate. These were followed by a work on the Primacy, published in 1845, of which the letters we have just mentioned formed a large portion. A German translation of this work appeared in 1852. In 1841 Bishop Kenrick published a duodecimo volume on Justification, and in 1843 a treatise of similar size on Baptism. In 1849 he published a Translation of the Four Gospels, consisting of a revision of the Rhemish version, with critical notes, and in 1851 a similar translation of the remaining portion of the New Testament. He removed in the same year to Baltimore on his appointment as archbishop of that see.

Dr. Kenrick has recently published a series of letters with the title of A Vindication of the Catholic Church, designed as a reply to Bishop

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