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United States, together with the one heretofore reserved for that purpose, shall be reserved for the use of a seminary of learning, and vested in the legislature of the said state, to be appropriated solely to the use of such seminary by the said legislature. And the secretary of the treasury, under the direction as aforesaid, may reserve the seventy-two sections, or two townships, hereby set apart for the support of a seminary of learning, in small tracts: Provided, That no tract shall consist of less than two sections: And provided always, That the said convention shall provide, by an ordinance irrevocable without the consent of the United States, that the people inhabiting the said territory, do agree and declare that they forever disclaim all right and title to the waste or unappropriated lands lying within the said territory; and that the same shall be and remain at the sole and entire disposition of the United States; and, moreover, that each and every tract of land sold by the United States, after the first day of September, in the year one thousand eight hundred and nineteen, shall be and remain exempt from any tax laid by the order, or under the authority, of the state, whether for state, county, township, parish, or any other purpose whatever, for the term of five years, from and after the respective days of the sales thereof: and that the lands belonging to citizens of the United States, residing without the said state, shall never be taxed higher than the lands belonging to persons residing therein; and that no tax shall be imposed on lands the property of the United States; and that all navigable waters within the said state shall for ever remain public highways, free to the citizens of said state and of the United States, without any tax, duty, impost, or toll, therefor, imposed by the said state.(1)

665. Missouri was constituted under the act of 6th March, 1820; became a member of the union by resolution of 2d March, 1821; and the laws of the United States were extended to her by act 16th March, 1822. Her boundary was much enlarged by act 7th June, 1836.

Missouri was admitted upon the fundamental condition, that the fourth clause of the twenty-sixth section of the third article of the constitution submitted on the part of said state to congress, shall never be construed to authorize the passage of any law, and that no law shall be passed in conformity thereto, by which any citizen, of either of the states in this union, shall be excluded from the enjoyment of any of the privileges and immunities to which such citizen is entitled under the constitution of the United States.(2) The following propositions were offered to the convention of the territory of Missouri, for their free acceptance or rejection, which, being accepted by the convention, are obligatory upon the United States.

First. That section numbered sixteen in every township, and when such section has been sold, or otherwise disposed of, other lands equivalent thereto, and as contiguous as may be, shall be granted to the state for the use of the inhabitants of such township, for the use of schools.

Second. That all salt springs, not exceeding twelve in number, with six sections of land adjoining to each, shall be granted to the said state for the use of said state, the same to be selected by the legislature of the said state, on or before the first day of January, in the year one thousand eight hundred and twenty-five; and the same, when so selected, to be used under such terms, conditions, and regulations, as the legislature of said state shall direct: Provided, That no salt spring, the right whereof now is, or hereafter shall be, confirmed or adjudged, to any individual or individuals, shall, by this section, be granted to said state: And provided also, That the legislature shall never sell or lease the same, at any one time, for a longer period than ten years, without the consent of congress.

(1) Act March 2d, 1819, sec. 6.

(2) Resolution 3d March, 1821.

Third. That five per cent. of the nett proceeds of the sale of lands lying within the said territory or state, and which shall be sold by congress, from and after the first day of January next, after deducting all expenses incident to the same, shall be reserved for making public roads and canals, of which three-fifths shall be applied to those objects within the state, under the direction of the legislature thereof; and the other two-fifths in defraying, under the direction of congress, the expenses to be incurred in making of a road or roads, canal or canals, leading to the said state.

Fourth. That four entire sections of land be, and the same are hereby, granted to the said state, for the purpose of fixing their seat of government thereon; which said sections shall, under the direction of the legislature of said state, be located, as near as may be, in one body, at any time, in such townships and ranges as the legislature aforesaid may select, on any of the public lands of the United States: Provided, That such locations shall be made prior to the public sale of the lands of the United States surrounding such location.

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Fifth. That thirty-six sections, or one entire township, which shall be designated by the president of the United States, together with the other lands heretofore reserved for that purpose, shall be reserved for the use of nary of learning, and vested in the legislature of said state, to be appropriated solely to the use of such seminary by the said legislature: Provided, That the five foregoing propositions herein offered, are on the condition that the convention of the said state shall provide, by an ordinance, irrevocable without the consent of the United States, that every and each tract of land sold by the United States, from and after the first day of January next, shall remain exempt from any tax laid by order or under the authority of the state, whether for state, county, or township, or any other purpose whatever, for the term of five years from and after the day of sale: And further, That the bounty lands granted, or hereafter to be granted, for military services during the late war, shall, while they continue to be held by the patentees, or their heirs, remain exempt as aforesaid from taxation for the term of three years from and after the date of the patents respectively.(1)

666. Maine became a member of the United States by the Act of March 3d, 1820, which authorized her admission into the union from the 15th of that month.

667. Arkansas was admitted into the union, and the laws of the United States extended to her by the Act of 15th June, 1836. Section eight of that Act, provided,

That the state of Arkansas is admitted into the union upon the express condition, that the people of the said state shall never interfere with the primary disposal of the public lands within the said state, nor shall they levy a tax on any of the lands of the United States within the said state; and nothing in this act shall be construed as an assent by congress to all or to any of the propositions contained in the ordinance of the said convention of the people of Arkansas, nor to deprive the said State of Arkansas of the same grants, subject to the same restrictions, which were made to the State of Missouri by virtue of an act, entitled "An act to authorize the people of the Missouri Territory to form a constitution and state government, and for the admission of such state into the union, on an equal footing with the original states, and to prohibit slavery in certain territories," approved the sixth day of March, one thousand eight hundred and twenty.

668. Michigan was admitted into the union under the following acts: The northern boundary line of the State of Ohio shall be established at,

(1) Act 6th March, 1820, sec. 6.

and shall be a direct line drawn from the southern extremity of Lake Michigan, to the most northerly cape of the Maumee (Miami) bay, after that line, so drawn, shall intersect the eastern boundary line of the State of Indiana; and from the said north cape of the said bay, northeast to the boundary line between the United States and the province of Upper Canada, in Lake Erie; and thence, with the said last mentioned line, to its intersection with the western line of the State of Pennsylvania.(1)

The constitution and state government which the people of Michigan have formed for themselves is hereby accepted, ratified, and confirmed; and the said State of Michigan shall be, and is hereby, declared to be one of the United States of America, and is hereby admitted into the union upon an equal footing with the original states, in all respects whatsoever : Provided always, and this admission is upon the express condition, that the said state shall consist of and have jurisdiction over all the territory included within the following boundaries, and over none other, to wit: Beginning at the point where the above described northern boundary of the State of Ohio intersects the eastern boundary of the State of Indiana, and running thence with the said boundary line of Ohio, as described in the first section of this act, until it intersects the boundary line between the United States and Canada, in Lake Erie; thence, with the said boundary line between the United States and Canada through the Detroit river, Lake Huron, and Lake Superior, to a point where the said line last touches Lake Superior; thence, in a direct line through Lake Superior, to the mouth of the Montreal river; thence through the middle of the main channel of the said river Montreal, to the middle of the Lake of the Desert; thence, in a direct line to the nearest head water of the Menomonie river; thence, through the middle of that fork of the said river first touched by the said line, to the main channel of the said Menomonie river; thence, down the centre of the main channel of the same, to the centre of the most usual ship channel of the Green bay of Lake Michigan; thence, through the centre of the most usual ship channel of the said bay to the middle of Lake Michigan; thence, through the middle of Lake Michigan, to the northern boundary of the State of Indiana, as that line was established by the act of congress of the nineteenth of April, eighteen hundred and sixteen; thence, due east, with the north boundary line of the said State of Indiana, to the northeast corner thereof; and thence, south with the east boundary line of Indiana, to the place of beginning.(2) As a compliance with the fundamental condition of admission contained in the last preceding section of this act, the boundaries of the said State of Michigan, as in that section described, declared, and established, shall receive the assent of a convention of delegates elected by the people of said state, for the sole purpose of giving the assent herein required; and as soon as the assent herein required shall be given, the president of the United States shall announce the same by proclamation; and thereupon, and without any further proceeding on the part of congress, the admission of the said state into the union, as one of the United States of America, on an equal footing with the original states in all respects whatever, shall be considered as complete, and the senators and representatives who have been elected by the said state as its representative in the congress of the United States, shall be entitled to take their seats in the senate and house of representatives, respectively, without further delay.(3)

Nothing in this act contained, or in the admission of the said state into the Union as one of the United States of America upon an equal footing with the original states in all respects whatever, shall be so construed or understood as

(1) Act 15th June, 1836, sec. 1. (2) Ibid. sec. 2.

(3) Ibid. sec. 3.

to confer upon the people, legislature, or other authorities of the said State of Michigan, any authority or right to interfere with the sale by the United States, and under their authority, of the vacant and unsold lands within the limits of the said state, but that the subject of the public lands, and the interests which may be given to the said state therein, shall be regulated by future action between congress, on the part of the United States, and the said state, or the authorities thereof. And the said State of Michigan shall in no case and under no pretence whatsoever, impose any tax, assessment or imposition of any description upon any of the lands of the United States within its limits.(1)

In lieu of the propositions submitted to the congress of the United States by an ordinance passed by the convention of delegates at Detroit, assembled for the purpose of making a constitution for the State of Michigan, which are hereby rejected; the following propositions are hereby offered to the legislature of the State of Michigan, for their acceptance or rejection, which if accepted, under the authority conferred on the said legislature by the convention which framed the constitution of the said state, shall be obligatory upon the United States.

First. That section numbered sixteen in every township of the public lands, and where such section has been sold or otherwise disposed of, other lands equivalent thereto, and as contiguous as may be, shall be granted to the state for the use of schools.

Second. That the seventy-two sections of land set apart and reserved for the use and support of a university by an act of congress approved on the twentieth day of May, eighteen hundred and twenty-six, entitled "An act concerning a seminary of learning in the territory of Michigan," are hereby granted and conveyed to the state, to be appropriated solely to the use and support of such university, in such manner as the legislature may prescribe; And provided also, That nothing herein contained shall be so construed as to impair or affect in any way the rights of any person or persons claiming any of the said seventy-two sections of land, under contract or grant from said university.

Third. That five entire sections of land, to be selected and located under the direction of the legislature, in legal divisions of not less than one quarter section, from any of the unappropriated lands belonging to the United States within the said state, are hereby granted to the state for the purpose of completing the public buildings of the said state, or for the erection of public buildings at the seat of government of the said state, as the legislature may determine and direct.

Fourth. That all salt springs within the state, not exceeding twelve in number, with six sections of land adjoining, or as contiguous as may be to each, shall be granted to the said state for its use, the same to be selected by the legislature thereof, on or before the first of January, eighteen hundred and forty; and the same, when so selected, to be used on such terms, conditions, and regulations, as the legislature of the said state shall direct: Provided, That no salt spring, the right whereof is now vested in any individual or individuals, or which may hereafter be confirmed or adjudged to any individual or individuals, shall, by this section, be granted to said state: And provided also, That the general assembly shall never sell or lease the same, at any one time, for a longer period than ten years, without the consent of

congress.

Fifth. That five per cent. of the nett proceeds of the sales of all public lands lying within the said state, which have been or shall be sold by congress, from and after the first day of July, eighteen hundred and thirty-six, after deducting all the expenses incident to the same, shall be appropriated,

(1) Act 15th June, 1836, sec. 4.

for making public roads and canals within the said state, as the legislature may direct: Provided, That the five foregoing propositions herein offered, are on the condition that the legislature of the said state, by virtue of the powers conferred upon it by the convention which framed the constitution of the said state, shall provide, by an ordinance irrevocable without the consent of the United States, that the said state shall never interfere with the primary disposal of the soil within the same by the United States, nor with any regulations congress may find necessary for securing the title in such soil to the bona fide purchasers thereof: and that no tax shall be imposed on lands the property of the United States; and that in no case shall non-resident proprietors be taxed higher than residents; and that the bounty lands granted, or hereafter to be granted, for military services during the late war, shall, whilst they continue to be held by the patentees or their heirs, remain exempt from any tax laid by order or under the authority of the state, whether for state, county, township, or any other purpose, for the term of three years from and after the date of the patents respectively.(1)

Whereas, in pursuance of the act of congress of June the fifteenth, eighteen hundred and thirty-six, entitled "An act to establish the northern boundary of the State of Ohio, and to provide for the admission of the State of Michigan into the union upon the conditions therein expressed," a convention of delegates, elected by the people of the said State of Michigan, for the sole purpose of giving their assent to the boundaries of the said State of Michigan as described, declared, and established, in and by the said act, did, on the fifteenth of December, eighteen hundred and thirty-six, assent to the provisions of said act, therefore:

The State of Michigan shall be one, and is hereby declared to be one, of the United States of America, and admitted into the union on an equal footing with the original states, in all respects whatever.

The secretary of the treasury, in carrying into effect the thirteenth and fourteenth sections of the act of the twenty-third June, eighteen hundred and thirty-six, entitled "An act to regulate the deposites of the public money,' shall consider the State of Michigan as being one of the United States.(2)*

CHAPTER II.

OF THE TERRITORIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

SECTION I.

Of the Territory North-West of the Ohio and of Louisiana.†

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• The laws of the United States were extended to the state by Act 1st July, 1836, sec. 1, by which also the judicial district of Michigan was established.

†The portion of the ordinance of 1787, establishing the government in the north-west territory having become obsolete is omitted.

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