colonel, but I've got the brightest shovel you ever saw!"

TEMPERAMENT.

The pedestrian, striding over our smooth roads, with little or no load, may think these marches slow, but our infantry soldier carries nearly forty pounds of arms, ammunition, rations, blankets, etc.; he fords streams in his shoes and socks, and then tramps on in wet foot gear, and perhaps with blistered feet as a result, and instead of doing his work in a steady stride, he is vexed and wearied by many little halts, followed by rushes to close up the column.

The patient and unflagging industry of the volunteers in building earthworks was wonderful. The construction and use of these earthworks contributed a new chapter to the science of war. Our regular troops carried the art out to the plains, and even the Indian has borrowed it there. Our soldiers have grown used to seeing these wild horsemen crouching behind rifle pits of the most approved kind.

In our war, the labor in the trenches sometimes made the men pretty rusty. A soldier at Hilton Head, in 1862, had somewhat neglected the care of his arms by reason of toiling in the earthworks. His colonel reproved him for his dirty rifle at inspection one day. He excused himself in this wise: Yes, I know my gun is dirty,

M. Roussillon, a French officer, writes of the temperament of the opposing armies in our war as follows:

sombre uniforms-blue in the North, gray or brown in the South,—which gave the troops a sad aspect, in sympathy with the cast of mind of the men of the North. In their camps there never were, as in ours, high spirits, gaiety, and songs. The bands were bad, and played rueful airs."

This shadowy atmosphere existed only in the imagination of one who was unduly impressed with the American gravity, which does not extend below the surface. There was nothing theatrical in the mould or manner of the American volunteer. He did not need to keep up the light and reckless air of a Charles O'Malley for the sake of professional reputation. War was only a temporary business with him, and nothing but his manhood was on trial. But no soldier ever threw off care more readily when the time came. A thousand memories of song and story and jest mingle in the recollection of campaign and camp. The march was often the time of banter and repartee, and the swinging measure of the army song.

The men, too, were quick to apply soubriquets. apply soubriquets. A three months regiment I knew was called the "Ragged Zouaves," from the condition of its shoddy clothing. A rosy youth in the ranks got the name of "Blossom," and a man of giant stature was entitled " Baby."

[To be concluded.]

MEMBERS OF CONSTITUTIONAL CONVEN

TIONS AND REPRESENTATIVES,

1775 TO 1884.

When royal government was opposed in New Hampshire at the commencement of the Revolution, a convention was called in Exeter in 1774, and most of the towns in the state were represented by delegates. The second convention met in May, 1775, to consult on the state of affairs, and was elected for six months. The third convention, called agreeably to a recommendation of congress, met on the 21st of December, of 1775, and proceeded to form a temporary government, and the first constitution of New Hampshire was adopted January 5, 1776.

By the town records John Dinsmoor was chosen a delegate June 2, 1775, and subsequently James Betton was chosen, who served till 1776. Since that date our members have

1835.

been,

1840.

Samuel W. Simpson. Jeremiah Morrison.

The war of the Revolution had passed and the colonies were free, but the best of feeling did not exist between England and her late colonies. England was arrogant in her demands and in her treatment of weaker nations; the United States was jealous of its rights. War was hardly averted in 1795. At length the conflict came, and the soldiers of Windham were as follows: Benjamin Blanchard, William Balch, Robert P. Dinsmoor, Samuel Dinsmoor, Samuel Davidson, Richard Dow, Thomas Nesmith, David Campbell, David M. Galt, Alexander Gordon, John B. Hilands, Moses Sargent, Philip K. Wiles, Rufus Patterson, Stephen E. Blaisdell, Samuel Rowell, Amos Dow, Thomas Moore, David Durrer, Phineas Danforth, James Simpson, Samuel Marshall, Aaron Senter, Matthew Clark, William Simpson, John Nesmith, Woodbridge Cottle.

The war was exceedingly unpopular, and when news of peace was received there was great joy among the people. The news was brought by Samuel Armor, on horseback, from

Haverhill, Mass. Rapidly he came. from the latter town, and joyfully proclaimed the glad tidings. Riding up to the houses of the people he shouted Peace! Peace! Peace!" and with a few explanatory words reined his horse into the highway and was gone. The news spread rapidly, and joy and gladness reigned supreme.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.

The Scotch settlers of Windham came to this wintry land to have "A faith's pure shrine,"

and

"To make a happy fireside clime
For weans and wife."

They were hard-headed, long-headed, level-headed, uncompromising, unconquered, and unconquerable Presbyterians. They were of a stern and rugged type. They clung to the tenets of the Presbyterian faith with a devotion, constancy, and obstinacy little short of bigotry, and in it was mingled little of that charity for others of a different faith which suffereth long;" nor is this surprising when we consider the circumstances of their lives, and the stock to which they belonged. They were the descendants of a brave and heroic race of men and women, who had resisted the encroachments of the Established Church" of England, risen in opposition to it, and in 1638 entered into a "solemn league and covenant" to maintain the reformed religion in Scotland, and to resist and put down popery and prelacy: hence the name of "Covenanter."

For the preservation of their religious liberty and their form of faith the Covenanters had struggled, and fought, and suffered amid the moors

and mountains and fastnesses of Scotland with a fortitude and heroism unsurpassed. Many had laid down their lives to secure its preservation; many struggled bravely on during the troubled years, bearing aloft the ensign of their faith, which they believed to be the only true faith, and their banner the only true standard of the

cross.

The foot of the persecutor followed the faithful to Ireland, and there they felt the avenging arm of resisted and arbitrary power. Some of those who had taken part in the brave defence of Londonderry, Ireland, owned land here which was occupied by their sons. The story of the past, of the conflicts in Scotland, the flight to Ireland, the endurance and sufferings and sacrifices and final triumph at the " siege of Derry," were fresh in their memories; they were engraven on the tablets of their souls, and the lessons influenced their lives. So the faith of the stern, grim Covenanter was transplanted to Windham. It took root and flourished on this soil, and grew with a strong, steady, solid growth in this town. The Scotch settlers were a conservative and thinking people, and their institutions were the result of thought. Many of the characteristics, sentiments, and much of the feelings of the Covenanters were here, and these have not entirely died out of their descendants. The religious side of the characters of the first residents was largely developed.

The town has been strongly orthodox from the beginning. Many families attended meeting at what is now East Derry. After attending to their morning duties, the whole family,

men, women, and children,—would walk eight or nine miles to meeting, listen to two long sermons, and then return to their homes, seldom reaching them till after dark. So they prized the sanctuary, and appreciated and dearly loved the faith in which they trusted.

The first religious meetings were holden in barns during the warm season for eleven years, when, in 1753, the first meeting-house was built, on a high elevation south-east of Cobbett's pond, now known as "Cemetery hill."

Our Scotch ancestors, exiles from the lochs and glens of Scotland, could not forget the customs of the dear old father-land. So they located the burial-place of themselves and their kindred in the shadow of the kirk. It is a beautiful spot. The lovely lake nestles at the foot of this wave-washed hill, shimmering with brightness in the summer sun, and in autumn mirroring in its bosom all the beauty of the forest trees. It is a pleasant place on which to pitch one's tent after the weary march, when with folded arms the silent ones will rest undisturbed till the reveillé call at the great awakening. So the dead rested near where the living worshipped, where in summer days, through the opened windows which let in the sunshine and the breath of flowers, the words as they fell from the lips of the living preacher might be borne by the breezes which gently waved the grass that grew and the flowers that bloomed on the mounds of the peaceful sleepers.

The first pastor was Rev. William Johnston who received a call to settle here July 12, 1746, but was not in

stalled till 1747. His salary was two hundred pounds and the use of the parsonage, besides three hundred pounds as a settlement. He ordained as ruling elders Nathaniel Hemphill, Samuel Kinkead, and John Kyle. By the dismemberment of Windham in 1752, whereby one fourth of our territory was annexed to Salem, the society was so much weakened that its minister could not be supported, and he was dismissed in July, 1752. Mr. Johnston was a highly educated man, having been graduated at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, after a seven years course. He studied theology with the Rev. Dr. Kerr. He was of Scotch blood, and was born in 1710 in Mullow Male, county of Tyrone, Ireland, and was the son of William and Elizabeth (Hoey) Johnston. He came to America previous to 1736, was then pastor of the Presbyterian church at Worcester, Mass. After leaving town he preached at Corry's Brook, now Duanesburg, Washington county, N. Y. He afterwards purchased five hundred acres of land at Sidney Plains, N. Y., where his descendants "live unto this day." He died at Florida, Montgomery county, N. Y., May 10, 1782. He married, while in Windham, a sister of the wife of Rev. William Davidson of Londonderry, Anna, the daughter of Dr. John and Anna (Witter) Cummings. Her father was a surgeon, and died in the British navy on the coast of Africa.

Rev. John Kinkead, of Scotch blood, was installed October, 1760, with a salary of £1300 old tenor. He ordained John Armstrong, Samuel Campbell, David Gregg, Lieut. Samuel Morrison, Robert Hopkins, and

John Tuffts as ruling elders. The ministrations of Mr. Kinkead were not satisfactory, nor his moral deportment such as to command the respect and love of his people, and he was dismissed in April, 1765.

Rev. Simon Williams was ordained in December, 1766, with a salary of about $233.33, with a settlement of $200, and the use of the parsonage. He was pastor for twenty-seven years, dying November 10, 1793. He did a noble work, and his influence lived after him. He established a private academy which was an important tributary of Dartmouth college. As a scholar he was eminent, and was much beloved by his people. He married Maria Floyd, who died July 28, 1805. They were born February 19, 1729, the same hour, in Meath, county of Tyrone, Ireland, and they are buried in the "Cemetery on the Hill," and his grave is directly beneath where. his pulpit stood in which he preached for twenty-seven years. He ordained elders John Dinsmoor, Robert Park, John Anderson, William Gregg, Samuel Morrison, Robert Dinsmoor (the "Rustic Bard"), and Alexander McCoy.

as

A new church was built at the centre of the town in 1798. Rev. Samuel Harris was ordained over the church October 9, 1805, and continued as pastor till failing health caused him to be dismissed in 1826. He resided in town till his death, September 6, 1848, in the 74th year of his age. He married, April 17, 1798, Ruth Pratt, born August 29, 1779, who died March 22, 1869. Their son, William C. Harris, is a prominent citizen of Windham. The