Discourse Analysis: Recurrent Intonation Patterns in the Kennedy/Nixon Debates

absence of focus Americans anticipated high pitch antithetical apodictic better cataphoric Chinese communists closure by return coherence complex nucleus concave fall concave rise concession contour type convex fall counterproposition cue for restatement cue the restated developed the Tennessee digression discourse pattern discourse structure echoing postcontour Eisenhower Administration election of 1860 English Intonation example extra-high pitch extra-length fadeaway focalizing question foregrounding freedom function Halliday and Hasan Heinrich Lausberg Herbert Pilch Ibid IMPLICIT ANTITHESIS implied instance interpretation intonational cue intonational means Jan Mukařovský Kennedy's assertion Kennedy's opening statement Kennedy's programs kind of society lexical chain lines minor premise modified move ahead nation Nixon Nixon's opening statement Note nuclear stress overt plot cue phrasal chain pitch patterns precontour stress present proclitic progress proposition record refers refutation restated lexical items reverse echo rhetorical rising pitch Senator Kennedy speaker specific standing tion Truman United yes-no questions