Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1888,

BY CHARLES B. RICHARDSON,

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York.

PREFACE.

In presenting a second volume of a popular History of the Southern War for Independence, the author gratefully acknowledges the kind reception by the Southern public of his first volume, the generous notices of the independent Press of the Confederacy, and the encouragement of friends. He has no disposition to entreat criticism or importune its charities. But he would be incapable of gratitude, if he was not sensible or the marks of public generosity which have been given to a work which made no pretensions to severe or legitimate history, and ventured upon no solicitations of literary success.

He can afford no better vindication of the character and objects of his work than by quoting here what was prefixed to one of the editions of his first volume:

"Every candid mind must be sensible of the futility of attempting a high order of historical composition in the treatment of recent and incomplete events; but it does not follow that the contemporary annal, the popular narrative, and other inferior degrees of history, can have no value and interest because they cannot compete in accuracy with the future retrospect of events. The vulgar notion of history is, that it is a record intended for posterity. The author contends that history has an office to perform in the present, and that one of the greatest values of contemporary annals is to vindicate in good time to the world the faine and reputation of nations." "With this object constantly in view, the author has com

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posed this work. He will accomplish his object, and be rewarded with a complete satisfaction, if his unpretending book shall have the effect of promoting more extensive inquiries; enlightening the present; vindicating the principles of a great contest to the contemporary world; and putting before the living generation in a convenient form of literature, and at an early and opportune time, the name and deeds of our people." Richmond, August, 1863.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

The New Orleans Disaster.-Its Consequences and Effects.-Dispatches of the

European Commissioners.-Butler "the Beast."-Public Opinion in Europe.-The

Atrocities of the Massachusetts Tyrant.-Execution of Mumford.-Lesson of New

Orleans.-Spirit of Resistance in the South.-Change in the Fortunes of the Con-

federacy.-Two Leading Causes for it.-The Richmond "Examiner."-The Conscrip-

tion Law.-Governor Brown of Georgia.-Reorganization of the Army.-Abandon-

ment of our Frontier Defences.-The Policy of Concentration.-Governor Rector's

Appeal.-First Movements of the Summer Campaign in Virginia.-The Retreat from

Yorktown.-Evacuation of Norfolk.-Destruction of the "Virginia."-Commodore

Tatnall's Report.--Secretary Mallory's Visit to Norfolk.-The Engagement of Wil-

liamsburg. The Affair of Barhamsville.-McClellan's Investment of the Lines of the

Chickahominy.-Alarm in Richmond.-The Water Avenue of the James.-The Panic

in Official Circles.-Consternation in the President's House.-Correspondence be-

tween President Davis and the Legislature of Virginia.-Noble Resolutions of the

Legislature. Response of the Citizens of Richmond.—The Bombardment of Drewry's

Bluff.-The Mass Meeting at the City Hall.-Renewal of Public Confidence.-The

Occasions of this.-JACKSON'S CAMPAIGN IN THE VALLEY.-The Engagement of

McDowell. The Surprise at Front Royal.-Banks' Retreat down the Valley.-The

Engagements of Port Republic.-Results of the Campaign.-Death of Turner Ash-

by. Sufferings of the People of the Valley of the Shenandoah.-MEMOIR OF TURNER

ASHBY...
..PAGE 17

CHAPTER II.

The Situation of Richmond.-Its Strategic Importance.-What the Yankees had

done to secure Richmond.-THE BATTLE OF SEVEN PINES.-Miscarriage of Gen.

Johnston's Plans.-THE BATTLES OF THE CHICKAHOMINY.-Storming of the Enemy's

Intrenchments.-McClellan driven from his Northern Line of Defences.-The

Situation on the other Side of the Chickahominy.-Magruder's Comment.-The

Affair of Savage Station.-The Battle of Frazier's Farm.-A Terrible Crisis.-Battle

of Malvern Hill.-The Enemy in Communication with his Gunboats.-The Failure

to cut him off.-Glory and Fruits of our Victory.-Misrepresentations of the Yan-

kees.-Safety of Richmond.-The War in other Parts of the Confederacy.-The

Engagement of Secessionville.-The Campaign of the West.-The Evacuation of

Corinth. More Yankee Falsehoods.-Capture of Memphis.-The Prize of the Mis-

sissippi.-Statistics of its Navigation.-Siege of Vicksburg.-Heroism of "the Queen

City."-Morgan's Raid into Kentucky.-The Tennessee and Virginia Frontier.-

Prospects in the West.-Plan of Campaign there.....

.PAGE 59

CHAPTER III.

Effect of McClellan's Defeat in the North.-Call for more Troops.—Why the North

was not easily dispirited.-The War as a Money Job.-Note: Gen. Washington'

Opinion of New England.-The Yankee Finances.-Exasperation of Hostilities.-The

Yankee Idea of a "Vigorous Prosecution of the War."-Ascendancy of the Radicals.

-War Measures at Washington.-Anti-Slavery Aspects of the War.-Brutality of the

Yankees.-The Insensibility of Europe.-Yankee Chaplains in Virginia.-Seizures of

Private Property.-Pope's Orders in Virginia.-Steinwehr's Order respecting Host-

ages.-The Character and Services of Gen. John Pope.-The "Army of Virginia.”—

Irruption of the Northern Spoilsmen.-The Yankee Trade in Counterfeit Confederate

Notes.-Pope's 66 Chasing the Rebel Hordes."-Movement against Pope by "Stone-

wall" Jackson.-BATTLE OF CEDAR MOUNTAIN.-McClellan recalled from the Penin-

sula.-The Third Grand Army of the North.-Jackson's Surprise of the Enemy at

Manassas.-A Rapid and Masterly Movement.-Change of the Situation.-Attack by

the Enemy upon Bristow Station and at Manassas Junction.-Marshalling of the

Hosts.-Longstreet's Passage of Thoroughfare Gap.-The Plans of Gen. Lee.-Spirit

of our Troops.-Their Painful Marches.-THE SECOND BATTLE OF MANASSAS.-A ter-

rible Bayonet Charge.-Rout of the Enemy.-A hideous Battle-field.-Gen. Lee and

the Summer Campaign of Virginia.-Jackson's Share in it.-Extent of the Great

Victory of Manassas.-Excitement in Washington.-The Yankee Army falls back

upon Alexandria and Washington.-Review of the Situation.-Rapid Change in our

Military Fortunes. What the South had accomplished.-Comparison of Material

Strength between North and South.-Humiliating Result to the Warlike Reputation

of the North......
..PAGE 82

Rescue of Virginia from the Invader.-Gen. Loring's Campaign in the Kanawha

Valley.-A Novel Theatre of the War.-Gen. Lee's Passage of the Potomac.-His

Plans. Disposition of our Forces.-McClellan again at the Head of the Yankee

Army.-THE BATTLE OF BOONSBORO'.-THE CAPTURE OF HARPER'S FERRY.-Its Fruits

-THE BATTLE OF SHARPSBURG.-Great Superiority of the Enemy's Numbers.-Fury

of the Battle.-The Bridge of Antietam.-A Drawn Battle.-Spectacles of Carnage.-

The Unburied Dead.-Gen. Lee retires into Virginia.-McClellan's Pretence of

Victory. The Affair of Shepherdstown.-Charges against McClellan.-His Disgrace.

-Review of the Maryland Campaign.-Misrepresentations of Gen. Lee's Objects.-

His Retreat.-Comment of the New York "Tribune."-The Cold Reception of the

Confederates in Maryland.-Excuses for the Timidity of the Marylanders.-What

was accomplished by the Summer Campaign of 1862.-The Outburst of Applause in

Europe.-Tribute from the London "Times."-Public Opinion in England.-Dis-

tinction between the People and the Government.-The Mask of England.—OUR FOR-

EIGN RELATIONS IN THE WAR.-An Historical Parallel of Secession.-Two Remarks on

the "Neutrality" of Europe.-The Yankee Blockade and the Treaty of Paris.-The

Confederate Privateers.-Temper of the South.-Fruits of the Blockade....PAGE 128

CHAPTER V.

Movements in the West.-The splendid Programme of the Yankees.-Kentucky

the critical Point.-Gen. Kirby Smith's Advance into Kentucky.-THE BATTLE OF

RICHMOND.-Reception of the Confederates in Lexington.-Expectation of an Attack