LINCOLN'S LIFE AMERICAN HISTORY AMERICAN LITERATURE Doctrine of with organization of the Republican Party. Candidate for presidential elector on the Republican ticket. Receives 110 votes for vice-presidential nomination in Republican convention at Philadelphia. Campaigns for Frémont. 1857 Springfield address on the Dred Scott decision, June 26. "Squatter Sovereignty" comes into prominence. Emigrant Aid Company of Massachusetts begins sending settlers to Kansas. "Personal liberty" laws passed in Vermont, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. Topeka Constitution passed in December. "Personal liberty" laws passed in Maine, Massachusetts, and Michigan. Guerrilla warfare in Kansas; town of Lawrence sacked by proslavery forces on May 21. Sumner assaulted in the United States Senate on May 22. Buchanan of Pennsylvania, Democrat, elected President over Frémont, Repub lican. Dred Scott decision announced, March 6. Lecompton Convention in Kansas (October) Whittier's Arisen at Last; Longfellow's Hiawatha; Whitman's Leaves of Grass. Helper's The Impending Crisis. The Atlantic Monthly founded with Lowell as 1858 June 17, "Divided House" speech at Springfield, accepting the Republican nomination to the United States Senate. Joint debates with Douglas, August 21 to October 15. 1859 In January the Illinois legislature elects Douglas to the United States Senate. Lincoln speaks in Ohio in September and in Kansas in December. 1860 Feb. 27, Cooper Union address in New York, followed by a speaking tour in New England. Nominated for the presidency by the Republican Party in May and elected in November. denounced by Douglas (December). Bu Lecompton Constitution defeated in Kansas. Minnesota admitted as a free state. "Personal liberty" laws in Kansas and Wisconsin. Republicans gain in Illinois and other states. chanan urges acquisition of Cuba and a protectorate over part of Mexico. Kansas forms antislavery constitution. New Mexico accepts slavery. Oregon admitted as free state. "Personal liberty" law in Ohio. John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry, Va., October 17. Republican Party successful in national elections. On December 14 a manifesto for a Southern Confederacy is issued. On December 20 South Carolina secedes. AMERICAN LITERATURE editor; publishes Holmes' Auto crat of the Breakfast Table. Longfellow's The Courtship of Miles Standish. Whittier's Brown of Ossawatomie. Death of Irving. Lowell's essay on The Election in November. TABLE II 1861-1865 LINCOLN AND POLITICAL-MILITARY EVENTS AMERICAN LITERATURE 1 1861. Jan. 8. Jan. 10- Feb. 4. Star of the West fires on Fort Lowell : The Question Sumter. Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Convention meets in Montgom- Lincoln leaves Springfield. Feb. 11. Feb. 23. March 4. April 12. Fort Sumter attacked. July 4. July 21. Aug. 30. Nov. 1. Lincoln calls Congress to special C. F. Adams, Jr.: session. 1 Unless otherwise indicated the date of publication is given. Poems are marked with asterisks. March 9. Victory of the Monitor over the Whittier: April 6-7. April 16. April 25. May 30. June 6. Aug. 5. Sept. 22. Dec. 1. Merrimac. Grant's victory of Shiloh. Farragut takes New Orleans. Union defeat at Cedar Moun- Aug. 29-30. Union defeat at second battle of Bull Run (Manassas). Sept. 17. Battle of Antietam, somewhat indecisive victory for Union forces. Lincoln issues preliminary proclamation of emancipation. Lincoln recommends to Congress gradual compensated emancipation; puts Burnside in command of Union armies. Union defeat under Burnside at Fredericksburg. Dec. 13. 1863. Jan. 1. Jan. 26. In WarTime* (August), The Battle Autumn of 1862* (October), The Waiting*, The Watchers*. Emerson: The President's Proclamation (November). Hawthorne: about (July). Chiefly War-Matters Lincoln issues formal emancipa- | Lowell:-Biglow Papers*, tion proclamation. Lincoln appoints Hooker to second series, number 7 (February). command. |