distance to the boat, and returned again into the fight. Such actions show that Boston boys retain the old spirit of their fathers.

"In the fatal battle a week ago, Lowell fell, as is reported, while endeavoring to save a wounded companion-fell, soiled with no ignoble dust-non indecoro pulvere sordidum.' Brought to the hospital-tent, he said to the surgeon, who came to dress his wound, Go to some one else, to whom you can do more good; you cannot save me;' like Philip Sydney, giving the water to the soldiers who needed it more than himself. "Brave and beautiful child! was it for this that you had inherited the best results of past culture, and had been so wisely educated and carefully trained? Was it for this! to be struck down by a ruffian's bullet, in a hopeless struggle against overwhelming numbers? How hard to consent to let these precious lives be thus wasted, apparently for nought, through the ignorance or the carelessness of those whose duty it was to make due preparation, before sending them to the field. How can we bear it?

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"We could not bear it, unless we believed in God. But believing in God and Christ, we can bear even this. It is not any blind chance, not any human folly, which controls these events. All is as God wills, who knows what the world needs, and what we need, better than we can know it. He uses the folly and sin of man for great ends; and he does not allow any good and noble effort to be lost. * "And do we not see, in these great sacrifices, that the heroism itself is already a great gain? Is it not something to know that we do not belong to a degenerate race? Is it not a great blessing to know that we also, and our sons, are still as capable as our fathers were of great and noble sacrifices, that Massachusetts, God bless her! still produces heroes!

"Yes, we lose them, these precious children, but we gain them while welose them! They go from us in their strength and beauty, but they go direct to God, and come to us again from Him, transfigured in the light and glory of his Heaven. We take them with us in our hearts wherever we go. We feel the exalted life which they have attained. There come to me at this time some singularly applicable lines of Schiller, in his Wallenstein, - singularly applicable, because this German play was one which William Lowell was very fond of reading, and in which the character and fate of Max seem so parallel to his own. When Max fell in a battle like that of last Monday, when he was attacked by overwhelming numbers, and no retreat was possible, these are the words of his friend:

"He the more fortunate! Yea, he hath finished!
For him there is no longer any future.
His life is bright-bright without spot it was,
And cannot cease to be. No ominous hour
Knocks at his door, with tidings of mishap.
Far off is he,-above desire and fear;
O, 'tis well with him.'

"Well with him,' and well also with the land which bears such sons. Their spirit deepens ours,-deepens the soul of courage throughout the land; calls out more valor, more devotion. When we hear of such deaths, we feel how happy we also should be to die so. We feel as Pulaski felt; I quote an anecdote told me in my youth. Pulaski, the Polish soldier, was gently rebuked by Washington for rash exposure of his life. He replied, General, my father died, killed in battle, when he was 22; my grandfather died in battle, fighting for his country, when he was 23. General, I am 25, and I am ashamed to be alive.' We feel almost ashamed to be alive when we hear of these sacrifices. Such deaths are not in vain, for they rouse the whole soul of the land; and the blood of the martyrs is again the seed of the church."

John M. Whittemore.

John M. Whittemore was born in September, 1835, and was a son of the Rev. Thos. Whittemore, D. D.

From his boyhood, Mr. Whittemore had an ardent love for mechanics, and especially for that of steam-enginery; and for several years he had been employed in the engineering department of the Vermont and Massachusetts Railroad.

In August, 1861, he entered the navy, and was ordered to join the U. S. sloop-ofwar Mohican, at the Charlestown Navy Yard, and acted as an assistant engineer on board of that steamer.

In October, he sailed for the South, and arrived at Port Royal, S. C., in November, and, on the 7th of that month, engaged in the bombardment of the forts at Hilton Head; and, while in the discharge of his duty there, was killed by a piece of shell, which passed through his head.

His remains were brought from Port Royal, and the funeral services took place at Cambridgeport, and were attended by naval and military officers, besides a large concourse of friends.

Thus fell the first martyr upon South Carolinian soil, in maintaining the honor and integrity of the nation.

George Foster Hodges.

George Foster Hodges was born Jan. 12, 1837, in Providence, R. I., and was a son of Almon D. Hodges, Esq., of Roxbury, Mass. Mr. Hodges was one of the youngest members of the class of 1855 at Harvard, and had taken his degree at the Law School,

where he was distinguished for his high character, his ability, his untiring industry, and his acquirements. When the war broke out he was a member of the Cadets. Believing it to be his duty to volunteer, instead of waiting for a commission, he at once shouldered his musket, joined the Fifth Regiment, enlisted as a private in the Charlestown City Guards, and started on the 20th of April for Washington. He endured all the hardships of that memorable march from Annapolis. He was soon after made pay master of the regiment. He was on the staff of Col. Lawrence in the battle of Bull Run, -was in the thickest of the fight, carried his colonel, when wounded, from the field, and stood by him in every danger. After the return of the Fifth, he was commissioned as adjutant of the Eighteenth Regiment, and was stationed at Camp Barnes, Hall's Hill, Va. He was an able and efficient officer, and while in the discharge of his duties was attacked with typhoid fever, and died in camp, at Hall's Hill, Va., near Washington, Jan. 31, 1862.

Few have gone to the war from purer or higher motives; and he will long be remembered for his unselfish devotion to duty by the many who knew him.

His death was noticed in an appropriate manner by the regiment to which he belonged, and resolutions were passed at a meeting of the officers, expressive of the high esteem in which he was held by them.

The classmates of young Hodges met in Boston, upon learning of his death, and expressed their feelings of sorrow and respect by resolutions, which gave evidence of their strong attachment, and their just appreciation of his noble character.

The funeral ceremonies took place in Roxbury, at the Rev. Dr. Putnam's Church,

a numerous concourse of friends, State officers, and the military, crowding the church, to pay their last respects to one who had so patriotically devoted himself to his country in the morning of life. His remains were carried to Providence, and now repose in the Old North Burying Ground in that city.

Dr. Luther V. Bell.

Dr. Luther V. Bell was born in 1806. His birthplace and early home were in hill towns of New Hampshire. He received a careful training in literature, morals and religion, and a wise preparation for the duties and honors of life. A distinguished parentage, a household of brothers, and a circle of relatives, filling the highest civil and judicial offices in State and national trusts, surrounded him in youth and fresh manhood with examples and influences to direct him to some prominent sphere and range of action. He graduated at Bowdoin College in 1823, and received a medical degree at Dartmouth College from the Hanover Medical School.

After a brief and uncongenial trial of mercantile life in New York, he established himself as a practising physician in Londonderry, New Hampshire, and found the calling suited to his tastes and gifts. While filling the round of his work as a country practitioner, he was the successful competitor for a prize offered for an essay on the treatment of the insane. This proves how early and to what good results he had become interested in that department of medical science, at the head of which he won his eminent fame. From 1836 to 1856 he had charge of the McLean Asylum for the Insane; a period of years during which many hundred patients were under his care; and he discharged the different duties with great success, and to the entire satisfaction of all. After years of valuable services to the institution, his health became seriously impaired, and he resigned the trust. In politics he took a strong interest, and served the State as a representative and an executive counsellor. Upon the breaking out of the rebellion, his devotion to his country was evinced by his offer of medical services to those whose physical ability and patriotism enabled them to grapple with the foe.

He prepared himself for the special exigencies of that service by a brief but earnest period of attention given to the principles of military surgery. He was already a proficient in hygienic and sanitary science. He was attached, as surgeon, to the 11th Massachusetts Regiment of Volunteers, and served in that regiment until he was appointed a brigade-surgeon in the Army of the United States. He died at Budd's Ferry, on the 12th of Feb., 1862.

While serving in the 11th Regiment, he wrote to a friend: -"I have seen a vast amount of malarial disease, and the whole volume of military surgery was opened before me on Sunday afternoon, July 21, with illustrations horrid and sanguinary. Sudley Church,' with its hundred wounded victims, will form a picture in my sick dreams so long as I live. I never have spent one night out of camp since I came into it, and a bed and myself have been practically strangers these seven months. Yet I never have had one beginning of a regret at my decision to devote what may be left of life and ability to the great cause. I have, as you know, four young, motherless children. Painful as it is to leave such a charge, even in the worthiest hands, I have forced myself into reconciliation by the reflection that the great issue under the stern arbitrament of arms is, whether or not our children are to have a country. My own health and strength have amazed me."

Dr. Bell was amiable and courteous, and was greatly beloved by all with whom he came in contact, and by none more so than the officers and soldiers of the 11th Massachusetts Volunteers, who experienced the pleasures and benefits of his generous liberality and eminent medical skill.

The funeral services over his remains took place at Charlestown, Mass., Feb. 17th. The State Legislature, then in session, adjourned to attend the funeral; and the city officers of Charlestown, with others, united in paying their last respects to the deceased patriot and philanthropist.

MILITARY ACTION.

"The Sword of the Lord and of Gideon."

In ancient days, when the Ark of the Lord was threatened, the chosen people of God girded on the sword and in the name of the Most High smote with great slaughter the heathen in their borders who had arrayed themselves against their cherished institutions. They fought for an idea, a sacred faith, which to them embraced all that was great and good in man.

During the Crusades, stimulated with a strong religious feeling, men rushed impetuously to the rescue of the Holy Sepulchre from the hands of the Infidel. They, too, were animated by a holy and undying faith.

So fought Cromwell and his psalm-singing legions, who smote down the proud house of Stuart and seized the power of England.

Impressed with a living faith and high purpose, the Pilgrims, led by the intrepid Standish and pious Brewster, grasped reverently and with firmer hand the Sacred Writ while wielding the sword to repel the merciless savages, and found a new empire for religion and liberty.

So fought the heroes of the revolutionary struggle of 1776-men loyal to their faith in God and the dignity and equality of humanity. Inspired with this idea, they marshalled themselves in battle array against despotism, sacrificing ease to privation and suffering, that they might through the baptism of blood establish justice and liberty under a republican form of government. And so in 1861, when wicked men with sacrilegious hands attempted to destroy this government- the palladium of our liberties devoted men sprang armed from the earth, and with earnest souls, pausing not to calculate the danger, and knowing the righteousness of their cause, cut their way through the hosts of rebellion, and saved the national capital from the tide of treason.

First in the contest, Massachusetts rendered prompt and invaluable aid. Ever watchful for the cause of the Union and liberty, she instinctively "scented the battle from afar," and bravely prepared to meet the enemy when its uplifted hand should strike the blow.

The Adjutant-General of the State, in his report to the Governor in 1860, observed the threatened storm, and wisely suggested proper precautionary measures; and ExGovernor Banks, during the last year of his administration, gave to the military department of the State his especial attention, and revived somewhat the military spirit of the Commonwealth.

His Excellency, John A. Andrew, on assuming the duties of Governor of the State and Commander-in-Chief of the militia, at once understood the crisis and exhibited wisdom and sagacity to an extraordinary degree, which showed him to be the "man for the hour," and one fit to be trusted with the honor and patriotism of the State. With such a leader, and such a people and soldiery, distance was annihilated, and when the cry went up from Washington, Massachusetts troops rushed through seven States, leaving their dead and wounded on the way, and were the first to enter the capital.

To show the military action of the State in 1861 to put down rebellion, the following list of the regiments, with their movements, is given, which, together with extracts from the able report of Adjutant-General Schouler, will furnish matter of much interest to the reader. That report, dated Dec. 31, 1861, says

"The storm of rebellion which broke upon our peaceful land in April last was fore-" "seen months before by your Excellency and by the Legislature of the Common-' "wealth, and wise and liberal provision was made to meet and if possible avert it. "The worst fears of our people have been realized, and the evidence now afforded by" "the living and dead of our true, loyal and gallant sons of Massachusetts, at home" "and on the battle-field, proves that the Commonwealth has been "true to her his-" "tory, her tradition, and her fair fame." The report further states that the reasons why Massachusetts so promptly responded were —

"1st. The excellent system for the organization and discipline of a militia force, "which has so long distinguished this Commonwealth, and has received the constant' 'attention and approval of the Legislature.

"2d. The promulgation of General Order No. 4, by your Excellency's direction, on " "the 16th of January last, so that we ascertained with accuracy the number of officers" "and men of the Volunteer Militia who would respond instantly to any call which " "might be made upon them by the President of the United States. Opposition was "made to this order at first, but events soon proved the wisdom of issuing it. Those" "who could not respond as required, received their discharges, and their places were" "immediately filled by others ready for any emergency.

"3d. The sagacity and foresight which induced the Legislature to pass the bill ap"proved by your Excellency on the 3d of April, appropriating $25,000, and author-" "izing the Adjutant-General to contract for overcoats, blankets, knapsacks, 200,000" "bail cartridges, &c., for two thousand troops. Our militia scldiers had uniforms of" "their own, and had in their several armories over three thousand Springfield rifled" "muskets of the best pattern.

"Thus when the attack upon the heroic band of Union patriots at Fort Sumter on " "the 12th of April extinguished the last hope of peace, and its fall aroused the" "mighty energy of our people to maintain their national existence, Massachusetts" "was ready to push forward her regiments, armed and equipped, to defend the flag and" save Washington, in the hour of peril, from capture and spoliation.

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"For three months previous, our Volunteer Militia, in anticipation of some great" "traitorous movement in the South, had been drilling almost nightly in their several "armories, so that when the summons came from the President on the 15th of April, "the Fiery Cross' was sent over the Commonwealth, and in obedience to the call "the men came forth, as in the brave days of old, leaving the workshop and the plough," "their nets and barges, homes and kindred, inspired by love of country and the rights" "of mankind."

On the day that Fort Sumter was attacked, the Governor made application to the Secretary of War for permission to draw two thousand rifled muskets from the U. S. Arsenal at Springfield, in advance of the annual quota becoming due, also to garrison the forts in Boston harbor; but the rifled muskets could not be procured, nor permission granted to garrison the forts. Afterwards, however, five thousand of the most improved smooth-bore muskets from Springfield, and four thousand Windsor rifles (without bayonets), were obtained from the U. S. Arsenal at Watertown. This statement is made, as some of the regiments have gone to the seat of war with smooth-bore muskets, but it was not the fault of the Executive of this State.

To quote again from the Adjutant-General's Report

"

"The first call for troops was by a telegram from Senator Wilson, dated at Wash"ington, April 15th, requesting twenty companies to be sent immediately to Washing-' "ton and there mustered into service. In the course of the day were received formal" "requisitions by telegraph from the Secretary of War and Adjutant-General of the "United States for two full regiments of the Massachusetts Militia. In compliance' "therewith, Special Order No. 14 was issued on the same day, directing Colonel Jones "of the Sixth Regiment, Colonel Packard of the Fourth, Colonel Wardrop of the " "Third, and Colonel Munroe of the Eighth, to muster their respective commands on "the Boston Common forthwith in compliance with a requisition made by the Presi-' "dent of the United States.' This order was sent by mail and by special messengers" "to the Colonels, who severally resided at Lowell, Quincy, New Bedford, and Lynn." "The companies were scattered through the cities and towns of Plymouth, Bristol,' "Norfolk, Essex and Middlesex Counties."

"In obedience to orders nearly every company in the above regiments arrived in " "Boston the next day."

"A dispatch from Senator Wilson, April 16th, stated that Massachusetts was to "furnish immediately four regiments, making one brigade, with one Brigadier-Gen-" "eral. Brigadier-Gen. Benj. F. Butler, Third Brigade, Second Division, M. V. M.,' was ordered on the 17th to take command of the troops."

To complete the proper number of companies for the regiments, companies were detached from other regiments.

By special order Gen. Butler was commanded on the 18th of April to proceed with the Eighth Regiment to Washington.

On the 19th of April, Col. Samuel C. Lawrence of the Fifth Regiment was ordered to report for active duty, which order was obeyed with dispatch.

On the 20th of April, Major Asa F. Cook was instructed to have his company of Light Artillery in readiness to proceed with Col. Lawrence's command.

The Third Battalion of Rifles, under command of Major Charles Devens, of Worcester, was also detailed at this time for service, and Capt. Albert Dodd's company, recently formed in Boston, was sent by steamer, May 1, to join the battalion.

Three Months' Volunteers.

The pressing emergency of the National Government for aid was fully appreciated by Massachusetts on the 15th of April, and so alive was she to the impending danger, that the first thought was to furnish the needed assistance without "standing upon the order of her going."

Companies without full ranks were speedily filled by volunteers, who crowded the armories anxious to go; and incomplete regiments were strengthened by detailing from other regiments such companies as were prepared to leave at such short notice. An hour then seemed to comprise an age, and the ordinary military orders of movement common to inspection and review in peaceful times, could not be as strictly observed, and hence the most available troops were forwarded without regard to regular numbers, and regiments left behind were immediately prepared and anxious to follow; but as the requisite number of three months' volunteers were soon furnished, the regiments next following were enlisted to serve for three years in the U. S. service.

A dispatch, received from Washington April 16th, stated that Massachusetts was to furnish immediately four regiments, making one brigade, with one Brigadier General.

Brig. Gen. Benj F. Butler, Third Brigade, Second Division, M. V. M., was ordered on the 17th to take command of the troops. On the 18th he was ordered to proceed with the 8th Regiment to Washington; and May 20th, 1861, he was promoted for his gallant conduct to be a Major General in the U. S. Army. His staff, when acting as Brigadier General, consisted of Brigade Major, Wm. H. Clemence, of Lowell; Aide-de-Camp, Capt. Samuel E. Converse, of Lowell; Engineer, Capt. Peter Haggerty, of Lowell; Brig. Quartermaster, Capt. Thos. J. Porter, of Woburn.

roe.

On the 30th of May, Brigadier General Ebenezer W. Peirce, of Freetown, 2d Brigade, 1st Division M. V. M., was detailed for active duty in place of Brigadier General Butler, who, as stated above, had been promoted, and he proceeded at once to Fortress MonHis staff at the time he left consisted of Brigade Major and Inspector, Richard A. Peirce, of New Bedford; Aid de-Camp, Captain Silas P. Richmond, of Freetown ; Quartermaster, Capt. Wm. C. Lovering, of Taunton; Engineer, Capt. Augustus Chamberlin, of Brookline. The disastrous affair at Big Bethel has brought upon this brave and patriotic officer much obloquy, which was, doubtless, cruelly unjust.

Soon after this battle, Gen. Peirce returned to Massachusetts and raised two companies for the volunteer service, and on the 16th of December, 1861, was commissioned Col. of the 29th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers.

In the Adjutant-General's report he says:

"

"It would far exceed the limits of this report to recount in detail the brave acts of " "our three months' troops during their term of service. I have given only a bare out-" "line. It is sufficient, perhaps, to say that they were the first to respond to the call" "of the President, the first to march through Baltimore to the defence of the capital, "the first to shed their blood for the maintenance of our government, the first to open' "the new route to Washington by way of Annapolis, the first to land on the soil of" "Virginia, and hold possession of the most important fortress in the Union, the first to "make the voyage of the Potomac and approach the Federal city by water, as they "had been the first to reach it by land. They upheld the good name of the State "during their entire term of service, as well by their good conduct and gentlemanly bearing, as by their courage and devotion to duty in the hour of peril. They proved" "the sterling worth of our volunteer militia. Their record is one which will ever "redound to the honor of Massachusetts, and will be prized among her richest historic " "treasures. These men have added new splendor to our Revolutionary annals, and "the brave sons who were shot down in the streets of Baltimore on the 19th of April, "have rendered doubly sacred the day when the greensward of Lexington Common" was drenched with the blood of their fathers."

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In the following statement in regard to the troops from Massachusetts, the three months' Regiments are given first.

THREE MONTHS' VOLUNTEERS.

Third Regiment. Infantry.

Hastening to comply with orders received but a few hours before, the companies composing this regiment mustered in Boston, April 16th, 1861. The citizens welcomed them, and they went into quarters in the hall over the Old Colony depot. At 6, P. M., the 17th, they marched to the State House to receive equipments, and then to the steamer S. R. Spaulding. Throngs of citizens cheered them as they passed through the streets, and from Central Wharf salutes of cannon and small arms were fired. General Butler visited them, and was enthusiastically received. The hearty good-by was said at 7, P. M., when the steamer dropped off into the stream, where she remained until 11.30, A. M., of the 18th, when she sailed; bearing away a noble band, many of whom were the descendants of the Pilgrims who settled the Old Colony, and established the principles of an elevated civilization, which their sons were now going forth to maintain at the sacrifice, if need be, of their lives. "Nine miles at sea" the sealed orders were opened, and Fortress Monroe was found to be their destination. April 19th, the anniversary of the battle of Lexington, they were assembled on deck, the stars and stripes and regimental colors were saluted and thrown to the breeze, and the day duly commemorated. Arrived at Fortress Monroe at 11, A. M., April 20th, making the passage in 47 hours from Boston. Regiment landed, stacked arms, and slept in the sun a few hours, on the parade ground. Had a very slight luncheon, and were ordered on board the U. S. Gunboat "Pawnee" at about 4, P. M., on the same day. "Pawnee" sailed about 54, P. M., for Gosport Navy Yard, passing the obstructions in the channel, battery at Sewall's Point of seven guns, and Forts "Norfolk" and "Nelson," all in possession of the rebels, without molestation. Arrived at the Yard at 9, P. M., very narrowly escaping being fired upon by the entire broadside of the "Pennsylvania" and "Cumberland," having been mistaken for enemies.