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of war. The second one cost her $1,045 to equip. She immediately organized two home guards, - one of infantry, and one of artillery, to be ready for any emergency in the future. The three months' troops were the object of the utmost care and attention of the citizens, who supplied their wants, the wants of their families, and gave the volunteers a hearty God-speed as they started for the seat of war. She has raised three companies for the war; and a fourth was commenced there, and completed in Braintree. Besides these, men have enlisted in thirteen of the different regiments of the State; so that there are now 251 Plymouth men in the army. She has, also, 9 commissioned acting masters in the navy, 13 master's mates, and 20 sailors. The aggregate number now in the army and navy is 293; and all these in addition to the three months' men. A town meeting was held, and $2,000 voted to aid the volunteers; also a bounty of $6 to married men, and $4 to single. Up to the first of January, 1862, they have spent, altogether, $5,700 in aiding the war. By the promptness of Plymouth, and towns like her, in the language of one of her sons, "Massachusetts set the pitch for the whole music of the war." Plymouth of 1862 is worthy of Plymouth of 1620.

Marblehead.

Marblehead has a quick ear, and, when South Carolina sounded the guns of treason, was on her feet. She immediately sent Companies C, B, and H to aid in suppressing the rebellion. They were among the first on Boston Common after the call of the President, and declared themselves "All ready." They performed valuable services at Washington, saved "Old Ironsides," the "Constitution," &c.

These men received the attention of the citizens, so that they had all the conveniences that the tented field would warrant, and their families were not left to want.

Marshfield.

This Old Colony town, where sleep the remains of the immortal Defender of the Constitution, on the 29th of April carried the following resolution: -"Whereas, the pay of soldiers in the service of the United States is insufficient for the support of the families of those who enlist, therefore, resolved, that the town of Marshfield appropriate a sum not exceeding $5,000, to pay each inhabitant of this town, who may enlist, or who has enlisted, when called into service, fifteen dollars, and fifteen dollars a month while in service, and also present outfits for the service." These provisions were carried out. The town sent a company of eighty men to the war.

Holyoke.

This town early held a town meeting, and voted to raise $10,000 to aid the volunteers and their families. $5,000 were expended in a few months for this purpose by the patriotic citizens, besides $300 more which was raised by private subscription. Although no full company went from the town, as a company, one hundred and twenty men from the town enlisted in other companies.

Lenox.

This town also came forward handsomely, and honored western Massachusetts. The citizens held a town meeting, and immediately voted five dollars per month additional pay to the volunteers enlisting from that town. But individual action was more honorable still, for private citizens raised, by subscription, the sum of $2,250, to aid the volunteers and their families.

Springfield.

This city, besides such individual action as was prompted everywhere throughout the State, came forward with a vote of $30,000 to aid the volunteers and their families. According to her ability, she was not behind the modern Athens of the commonwealth in substantial manifestations of her patriotism.

South Danvers.

This town appropriated $7000, to be disbursed in accordance with the laws of the State. This was voted May 22, 1861. One company was organized in time and sent to the seat of war. $3,500 was raised, by private subscription, for the equipment of volunteers, and aiding their families. The whole number of men belonging to Danvers who went to the war, was 306, including sixty three months' men.

Pittsfield.

This town voted the sum of $5,000 for the support of volunteers and their families, and expended the sum of $630 for this purpose. Mr. William Pollock gave the sum of $1,000 to uniform the Pollock Guards, -a company named in honor of himself. This company was attached to the Tenth Regiment of M. V. M. In addition to this, the sum of $2,000 was raised by private subscription.

Nantucket.

This island shows itself a part of the old commonwealth. On the breaking out of the war, a home guard was formed, and money raised to support it. A large number of the citizens enlisted in the army and navy. The ladies, unwilling to be idle, formed a society for attending to and supplying necessaries to the citizens enlisting in the army and navy. When the national loan was called for, her citizens responded by taking $75,000 as their share.

BIOGRAPHICAL.

Massachusetts has lost many of her brave sons in this war, and we give the following sketches as a faint tribute to the memory of the more distinguished.

Luther C. Ladd.

This heroic youth, of only seventeen years, was one of the earliest who offered their services to the government in defence of its insulted honor. He was a native of Alexandria, N. H., but had been residing in Lowell, Mass., about one year, where he was engaged in mechanical pursuits. He had won the esteem of his employer by his diligence in business. Prospects were opening before him which gave bright promise of success in his vocation, when he heard that the hand of the parricide had been raised to strike down the flag of his country. When, in this critical emergency, the government called for aid to repel the assaults upon her sacred rights, our young hero bravely responded. He gazed with a new pride upon the "stripes and stars," which were now beginning everywhere to stud the firmament, and his young heart catching the inspiration of a more ardent love for his country, he resolved to join issue with its foes. His friends sought to dissuade him from his purpose; but the pleadings of affection could not prevail, and he resolved to leave relations and friends, to assist in upholding that flag which he so passionately loved. Under the influence of such a spirit of devotion to the welfare of his bleeding country, our young hero went forth from those who were dearest to him on earth, to her defence. In one week from the day that Sumter fell, young Ladd, with his brave associates, stood in the streets of Baltimore, exposing himself to the deadly missiles of an infuriated mob. It was there, on the memorable 19th of April, 1861, -the anniversary of the first battle of the first American Revolution, that he received the fatal wound which, in a few hours, terminated his life. It was there, while bleeding to death, that he uttered those memorable words, which shall cause the hearts of millions to thrill with grateful emotions as they shall recur to them:

"ALL HAIL TO THE STARS AND STRIPES!"

These were the last words he is known to have uttered. Let them be treasured in the hearts of his countrymen, and act as a talisman, urging them on to conquest over the foes which may rise up against her in the future. Let the young men of this republic emulate the devotion to her welfare of this heroic youth, and she shall never want for friends to defend her, when foes-either intestine or foreign-shall rise up against

her.

On the 7th of May, 1861, the body was brought to Boston and deposited in a tomb, and soon after it was removed to Lowell, with that of Addison O. Whitney, who fell with him, -where appropriate and impressive funeral services were had, in which the municipal authorities of that city, and thousands of the populace of that and the adjacent towns, participated. The body of Ladd was subsequently removed to Alexandria, N. H. (his native place), where similar public demonstrations were made, the people turning out by thousands to evince their love for him who had so valiantly vindicated his country's honor in the hour of her imminent peril. His body has since been removed to Lowell, where it "sleeps its last sleep" in one of the cemeteries of that beautiful city, and where we hope, ere long, to see the spot marked by a suitable monument, which shall tell the passer-by where rests all that was mortal of the noble youth.

Sumner Henry Needham.

Sumner Henry Needham was born in Bethel, Me., March 2d, 1828, and resided at Lawrence for the last twelve years of his life. He had been a member of the Lawrence Light Infantry about five years, and was one of the corporals at the time of his death, and was held in much esteem by all who knew him. When the summons came to march for his country's defence, he cheerfully obeyed the call, and went forth with his comrades. He was one of the first martys who fell at Baltimore, mortally wounded, April 19th, 1861. He was then conveyed to the Infirmary in that city, where he lingered until April 27th, when death relieved him of his sufferings. He left a young wife at Lawrence, and other relatives in Bethel, to lament his untimely death. His remains, with the bodies of Ladd and Whitney, who also fell at Baltimore, were brought to Boston May 1, where they were publicly received by the city authorities, with appropriate and solemn ceremonies.

On the 3d of May his body, in charge of a Committee of the City Government of Lawrence, arrived at that city, and, the next day, was placed in the City Hall, where thousands flocked to view it. His funeral took place from the Universalist Church, on the afternoon of May 4th, and was attended by a large concourse of friends and citizens. Military and civic associations united on this occasion in paying the last token of respect to one who so nobly gave his life to his country. His name will ever be cherished by the "Gallant Sixth Regiment," as well as by every true citizen of the Old Bay State. "God bless the heroes!"

one seldom witnessed

The day of his funeral was an occasion of great solemnity, in Lawrence. Business was generally suspended-flags at half-mast; and emblems of mourning could be seen at almost every point. As the procession moved on, bearing the remains of this loved one, church and factory bells pealed forth the knell of death. Arriving at the city cemetery, the remains of one who had been so tenderly cared for were deposited with appropriate ceremonies.

Mr. Needham was a member of the Universalist Church of Lawrence, and the pastor, Rev. Mr. Weaver, delivered a very touching and appropriate discourse in regard to his character and death. The society also passed resolutions, expressive of their heartfelt sorrow, and in testimony of his worthy life.

Addison Otis Whitney.

Addison Otis Whitney was born in Waldo, Me., Oct. 30, 1839. For the last two years of his life he had resided in Lowell, and had been employed by the Middlesex Corporation, and had sustained an upright and irreproachable character, greatly endearing himself to all who here knew him, and especially to the family with whom he boarded, winning the espousal of one who had learned his worth, and could reciprocate his love. About eighteen months before his death, he enlisted with the City Guard. From a high sense of a soldier's duty, he promptly responded to the call of his commander-in-chief, and was cruelly cut down in Baltimore, while marching with the "Glorious Sixth" through that city, on the 19th of April, 1861.

His remains were brought to Boston, and from there conveyed to Lowell, where the city authorities, and the citizens generally, united in appropriate funeral ceremonies. Henceforth his memory will be cherished by his countrymen.

Elijah B. Gill, Jr.

Elijah B. Gill, Jr., was born in Hingham, Mass., April 24th, 1833, but had resided in Boston for several years. When the proclamation for troops was issued, he promptly came forward and enlisted in Company I, 1st Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers, and was chosen a lieutenant of the company. He entered upon his duties with a patriotic pride and satisfaction-cheerfully sharing in the dangers and privations of a soldier's life.

A part of the regiment to which he belonged was, engaged in the battle of Bull Run, in July, 1861, and his company was detailed, with others, for especial duty, on the 21st instant; and it was in the gallant discharge of this dangerous duty that young Gill heroically fell, mortally wounded by a bullet through the breast. His comrades tenderly bore his body from the field, and buried it that night at Centreville, with feelings of keen sorrow for their loss and regret that the body could not be conveyed to his native State.

Beneath a young tree, to shade the spot, and in the ground desecrated by the traitorous chivalry, they deposited the remains of this loyal son of Pilgrim descent to repose until the restoration of peace shall permit his body to be gathered to his fathers in the good old colony town of Hingham.

One of the officers of the regiment writes, "My recollections of him are of a pleasant nature. He was one of my favorites. In scenes of anxiety and danger, I learned his fine qualities, and contracted a strong friendship for him."

His deportment was gentlemanly, his habits good, and, as an officer and soldier, he was kind and efficient. His men loved him, his officers esteemed him, and his memory will ever be cherished by his friends.

William H. Lawrence.

William H. Lawrence, sergeant of Company E, a standard-bearer of the 5th Regiment, fell, with his breast pierced with two balls, while waving the nation's flag in the face of the enemy, at the battle before Manassas.

His patriotic feelings were aroused at the breaking out of the rebellion. The 'mustering of troops, with the stirring strains of martial music, during the memorable days in April, were too much for his soul. The peaceful pursuits of life were forgotten, and, with thoughts only of country, he offered himself for service in this "hour of peril." The colonel of the regiment, seeing at once his determined zeal, had him provided with an outfit and presented him with a revolver, to guard well the name of Lawrence. Before leaving, he was appointed a sergeant; and the colonel, satisfied of his soldierly abilities, appointed him a color-bearer.

He reverenced his country's flag, and bore it to meet those who conspired against it. The outbursts of patriotism which he witnessed during the journey towards Wash ngton, only increased his patriotism. At Annapolis, he wrote, "We are here, anxious for a fight, and in the finest spirits. I have sworn to bear the standard, even to the cannon's mouth. If I return, I will bear it safe into Boston."

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At Washington, he says, When the Union is in danger from traitors, I am a soldier as much as any other man: and the 5th shall say, Lawrence did his duty well." Marching to battle, he "was eager for the fray." At Manassas, he bore a noble part, and fell, a hero in a martyr's cause. Near the field of battle, he wrote,

"As it is possible that I may not live to write to-morrow, I will write a few lines this morning, to inform you how we are at the present time. During the last forty-eight hours we have been busy, I assure you. We have already heard the roar of cannon and musketry. The enemy have been in sight most of the time. I am sorry to say that many a brave Massachusetts man fell yesterday, and several that I knew. We are in expectation of having a regular engagement."

The engagement took place; and, with a devotion which does honor to his Massachusetts origin, he fought bravely, sustaining the honor of his State and country, and fell, holding in his devoted embrace the glorious flag, which will never be dishonored while his example is imitated. His memory is embalmed in the hearts of the 6th Regiment.

Succeeding generations, reaping rich rewards, will remember with the deepest gratitude all who have suffered in the cause of liberty.

Alois Babo.

Alois Babo was born in May, 1831, at Rastadt (Grand Duchy of Baden). In his eighteenth year he devoted himself to the study of law, and attended the courses of the universities of Fribourg and Heidelberg.

In 1853 he left for the United States, resided some months in New York, then went to Boston, where he was for some years Professor of Ancient Languages at Comer's College.

In the spring of 1861, he was one of the first to call and organize German volunteer corps, to crush treason and rebellion at the South.

He fell at the battle of Ball's Bluff, captain of Company G, 20th Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers - a brave soldier, who did not want to surrender to the enemy. He was a good, noble, and faithful man.

Reinhold Wesselhoeft.

Reinhold Wesselhoeft, born in the city of Weimar, the capital of the duchy of that name, April 10, 1838, was the son of Robert Wesselhoeft, well known for his love of liberty, for which he suffered many years before the revolution of 1848, and who, with his children, of whom Reinhold was the third, emigrated to the United States in 1840. Young Reinhold, therefore, received his earliest education in this country, at the public schools of Boston and Brattleboro', Vt., where his parents resided for many years, as also through private German tutors. Returning to Germany in his thirteenth year, and completing his school education at an institute in the neighborhood of his birthplace, he returned to America, after an absence of about three years, and applied himself to book-keeping and other mercantile branches; although it was his intention to devote himself to the study of natural sciences, wherein, however, the untimely death of his father thwarted him. By nature free from narrow prejudices of a religious or political kind, open to convictions, and ever ready to take a firm ground in defence of unfortunate or oppressed fellow-men, of whatever country or color, young Wesselhoeft's warm heart and scrupulous fidelity to the trusts committed to him won for him many friends. Up to the commencement of the rebellion of the Slave States against their government, Mr. Wesselhoeft had taken a lively interest in the political movements of the times. Though young in years, few could have evinced more distinctly than he the indignation of a patriot at what he recognized as the wrongs of the political condition of this country, the greatest of which he regarded the institution of slavery, whose decline he ardently hoped to see. When, therefore, the country's peril called for the volunteer soldiers of the North, Reinhold Wesselhoeft, relinquishing many a brightening prospect of personal success, with his friends, Alois Babo and Ferdinand Dreher, was among the first to enlist in a company of his German countrymen. Regiment after regiment was accepted and sent to the seat of war, while numerous complete volunteer companies, waiting in vain to be mustered into service, disbanded; but the German band of which Mr. Wesselhoeft was a member held out; while the duty of maintaining it fell chiefly upon him, and was performed throughout a period of two months, by collecting contributions of clothes and food, from meal to meal and from day to day-thus encouraging the men by his example, and inducing them to remain, until, at length, rations were allowed them. Finally, in the month of July, the company was joined to the 20th Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, encamped at Readville, and Mr. Wesselhoeft soon afterwards commissioned as second lieutenant of his company. He filled his place completely, as was proved by the degree of confidence bestowed upon him by the officers in command of the regiment, which, on the 21st of October, 1861, took so prominent a part in the battle of Ball's Bluff, on the Poto mac river, where, after his gallant captain, F. Dreher, was disabled, Lieutenant Wesselhoeft took command of the remaining fragment of his company, which, no longer able to withstand the overwhelming force of the rebels, was dispersed. Thereupon Lieutenant Wesselhoeft, after expressing his firm resolve not to surrender, entered the river with his friend, Captain Babo, but perished, probably, in the struggle, with his comrade, who was wounded mortally while swimming, under the continued fire of the enemy. The remains of Lieutenant Wesselhoeft, found several days afterwards, were deposited in the Oakhill Cemetery, at Georgetown, D. C.

John W. Grout.

Lieutenant John W. Grout, who was killed at the battle of Ball's Bluff, Oct. 21st, 1861, was born in the summer of 1843, in Worcester. He early showed a little of the military genius of his ancestors, and especially when he entered the military department of Caleb B. Metcalf's Highland School, Boston. He evinced superiority, and was soon made captain of cadets. When the war broke out, he obtained the consent of his parents to join the army, and entered upon the labor with enthusiasm. His services were in great demand in drilling volunteers. In the organization of the 15th Regiment, Company D gave him the position of second lieutenant. Until their departure for the seat of war, the drilling of the company devolved mainly upon him. The first lieutenant was detailed for other service, which greatly increased the responsibilities of young Grout. He was distinguished for his attention to his duties, for his generosity, and for his fertility of resources. Ball's Bluff came with its disasters. His coolness and self-possession, his precision and courage, had great effect upon the

efficiency of his men. He fought like a tiger. Every blow of his sword told. The order came for each man to take care of himself. He crossed the river with the wounded, and returned. Again the boat filled, and he remained upon the shore. He asked the colonel, "Is there anything more that I can do?" and the reply was, "Nothing, but take care of yourself." He waited for the first light of the rising moon, plunged in, when the ball of the assassin left him only strength to exclaim, “Tell Company D that I should have escaped, but I am shot."

The heroism of this young man will be a perpetual inspiration to the young men of Worcester,

His body was conveyed to Worcester, where the funeral took place. The citizens generally united in honoring, in an appropriate manner, one who had so early in life fallen a martyr to his country's cause.

William Lowell Putnam.

William Lowell Putnam was born in Boston in 1840, and was a son of Samuel R. Putnam, Esq., of that city. Although receiving his education mainly in Europe, and residing there many years of his brief life, yet he lost not the love of his native land, nor the principles of liberty which his countrymen revere.

On the breaking out of the war in 1861, between oppression and freedom, he felt called to take an active part in it. While his patriotism was aroused, a stronger motive seemed to inspire him for the contest; in maintaining the supremacy of the government, he hoped to carry the glad tidings of liberty to all of his countrymen throughout the land.

He enlisted in Company E, 20th Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers; was elected 2d lieutenant, and was in the battle at Edward's Ferry, Oct. 21. While bravely engaged in that fight, he was seriously wounded, and died the next day at Poolesville, Md. His body was brought to Boston, the funeral services took place at the West Church, Oct. 28, and it was buried at Mount Auburn, with military honors.

The following extract is taken from an address, delivered at the funeral, by the Rev. James Freeman Clarke:

"The boy-soldier, whose remains are before us, came, by both parents, from the best New England races. His father is descended from the ancestor of old General Putnam; and his family, on this side, contains such statesmen and scholars as Timothy and John Pickering. On the other side, his mother's family has given to us statesmen, sages, patriots, poets, scholars, orators, economists, philanthropists, and now gives_to us also a hero and martyr. His great-grandfather, Judge Lowell, inserted in the Bill of Rights, prefixed to the Constitution of this State, the clause declaring that all men are born free and equal,' for the purpose, as he avowed at the time, of abolishing slavery in Massachusetts; and he was appointed by President Washington Federal Judge of this district. His grandfather was minister of this church, honored and loved as few men have been, for more than half a century. Of others I need not speak - but to those who knew not personally our young friend, I may say that his native powers and scholarly habits indicated that he would fully keep the promise given in the traditions of his family.

"He was educated in Europe, where he went when eleven years old, and where, in France, Germany and Italy, he showed that he possessed the ancestral faculty of mastering easily all languages, and where he faithfully studied classic and Christian antiquity and art. Under the best and most loving guidance, he read with joy the vivid descriptions of Virgil, while looking down from the hill of Posillippo on the headland of Misenum and the ruins of Cuma. He studied with diligence the reinains of Etruscan art, of which, perhaps, no American scholar, though he was so young, knew more. And here, let me mention a distinguished French savant, Dr. Guépin, of Nantes, in Brittany, who took a peculiar interest in William Putnam, and devoted himself to his instruction as if he had been his parent. This excellent scholar and generous gentleman will hear of his death with pain, scarcely less than if William were his own child. Thus accomplished he returned to his native land, but, modest and earnest, he made no display of his acquisitions, and very few knew that he had acquired anything. When the war broke out, his conscience and heart urged him to go to the service of his country. His strong sense of duty overcame the reluctance of his parents, and they consented. A presentiment that he should not return alive was very strong in his mind and theirs. But he gave himself cheerfully, and said, in entire strength of purpose, that to die would be easy, in such a cause. And, in the full conviction of immortality, he added, What is death, mother? it is nothing but a step in our life.' His fidelity to every duty gained him the respect of his superior officers; and his generous, constant interest in his companions and soldiers brought to him an unexampled affection. He realized fully that this war must enlarge the area of freedom, if it was to attain its true end; and in one of his last letters, he expressed the earnest prayer that it might not cease till it opened the way for universal liberty. "These earnest opinions were connected with a feeling of the wrong done to the African race, and an interest in its improvement. He took with him to the war, as a body-servant, a colored lad named George Brown, who repaid the kindness of Lieut. Putnam by gratitude and faithful service. George Brown followed his master across the Potomac into the battle, nursed him in his tent, and attended his remains back to Boston. Nor let the devoted courage of Lieut. Henry Sturgis be forgotten, who lifted his wounded friend and comrade from the ground, and carried him on his back a long

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