be arranged in this world! If we have no friends we have no pleasure, and if we have them we are sure to lose them and are doubly pained by the loss."

He had not a hopeful temperament; and though he looked at the bright side of things, was always prepared for disaster and defeat.

It is narrated that Lincoln put in an appearance at the most celebrated gathering he had then ever seen, viz.: the River and Harbor Convention, held at Chicago on July 5th, 6th and 7th, 1847, dressed in a short-waisted, thin, swallowtailed coat; a short vest of the same material; thin pantaloons, scarcely reaching his ankles; a straw hat; and a pair of brogans and woolen socks.

When Mr. Lincoln was in Congress, he boarded at Mrs. Spriggs' in the old brick row where Judge Field resides, known as the "Duff Green" row: and his mess-mates there were Joshua Giddings, Judge Tompkins of Mississippi, John Blanchard, A. R. McIlvaine, John Dickey, John Strohan and James Pollock of Pennsylvania, and Elisha Embree of Indiana.

His term ended on March 4th, 1849, and he attended the inauguration ball held in Judiciary Square on the evening of that day; he was so well pleased that he remained till after 3 o'clock on the next morning; and when he went to look for his hat, alas! it was gone; and he walked without a hat to his lodgings, nearly a mile distant, in that crisp spring air, hatless. Little did he think, as he passed by the front of the Capitol, en route to his lodgings, that, twelve years from that time, he would again appear hatless as the

"Chief among ten thousand,"

in a most august assemblage, and that Stephen A. Douglas, then the most conspicuous public man in Illinois, would tamely hold his hat for him.

Notwithstanding that Lincoln was a congressman in 1848, he did not forget his frontier habits. Needing half a

dozen books from the congressional library, they were brought to him; and he took a huge bandana handkerchief out of his coat pocket and tied the books up in it: and putting a stick through the bundle, put it on his shoulder, and going thence through the rotunda of the Capitol, descended the same steps which he twice thereafter descended to be inaugurated as President, and made his way to his lodgings-and when he returned the books, it was done in the self-same way.

Mr. Lincoln could not talk for effect; he could not talk to nothing nor about nothing. He must be argumentative or nothing. He must have something to prove and somebody to convince. By reason of this it was that he made so unfavorable an impression on his trip to Washington in February, 1861. He could not outline his policy; he had need to get safely to Washington and be installed in office, and he didn't want to make any disclosure of his animus: hence he must talk platitudes or nothing: and his platitudes were as empty as those of a man who could mount no higher in the oratorical field.

Daniel Webster was the same: at Alton, he was called on for a speech, and having nothing to say, he "beat the air and bellowed for half an hour," but said nothing: and at Rochester, having vainly tried for awhile to say something substantial, he wound up by saying: "I learn that you have a water-fall here 175 feet high: no people ever lost their liberties who had as high a water-fall as that."

Lincoln himself, when introduced to Agassiz, conversed with him about different languages-about how he studiedhow he composed-how he delivered his lectures-how he found different tastes in his audiences, in different parts of the country, etc.

When afterward asked why he put such questions to his learned visitor, he said: "Why, what we got from him isn't printed in the books-the other things are."

Lincoln tried his hand at a literary lecture: his purpose

was to analyze inventions and discoveries "to get at the bottom of things:" and to show when, where, how and why such things were invented or discovered; and, so far as possible, to find where the first mention is made of some of the common things. The Bible, he said, he found to be the richest store-house for such knowledge.

He himself said: "Moral cowardice is a thing I think I never had."

A wide range of emotions-the extremes of sunlight and shadow-passed successively over those masculine features ;in all of which strength and power were manifest.

-BARRETT.

His strength lay in striving to embody and execute the mind of the nation; not to direct its thought and will. The greatness of Mr. Lincoln lay not in contesting, defying or deluding the masses in their purposes, but in giving their purposes, development and effect.

The closest and most intimate political and personal friend that Mr. Lincoln had, during the slavery extension struggle, was his partner, William H. Herndon: he was likewise his political Mentor: and had more to do with shaping his friend's great political career than any other ten men.

And albeit he was one of the most modest and unobtrusive of men, yet he was likewise a very sagacious and acute observer; and in the matter of original and profound reasoning, and quaint and peculiar modes of statement and expression, bore a close analogy, if not, indeed, resemblance to, Mr. Lincoln, himself.

Mr. Lincoln has been the subject of more world-wide and sincere panygeric than any other merely mortal man who ever lived and the voices of adulation have arisen from every civilized or semi-civilized nation on the globe.

Of him, one of our ripest scholars said: that he was " a wise and good man; a kindly, honest, noble man; a man in whom the people recognized their own better qualities; whom

they, whatever their political convictions, trusted: whom they respected; whom they loved :—a man as pure of heart, as patriotic of impulse-as patient, gentle, sweet and lovely of nature as ever history lifted out of the sphere of the domestic affections to enshrine forever in the affections of the world."

And from the shores of the Bay of Biscay, comes this most eloquent tribute, discriminating between the conquests of selfish ambition, and those of unselfish patriotism. The eulogist says: "The mission of all great men; of all heroes who are looked upon almost as demi-gods, while receiving as they do, from above, that short-lived omnipotence which revolutionizes society and transforms nations, passes away in the tempest's blast in its fiery car, and moments afterward, dashes itself against the eternal barriers of impossibilitythose barriers which none can go beyond; and where all the pride of their ephemeral power is humbled, and reduced to dust.

God, alone, is immutable and great!

Death strikes the blow, or ruin attains them in the height of their power as an evidence to all princes, conquerors and nations, that their hour is but one and short; that their work becomes weak as all human work, from the moment that the luminous column which guided them is extinguished and darkness overtakes them on their way. The new roads which they have carved out, and whereby they expect to proceed undaunted and secure, have turned into abysses where they have fallen and perished from the moment that the Most High numbered the days of their empire and ambition. This is no king, who disappears in the darkness of the tomb, burying with himself, like unto Henry IV., the realization of great hopes. He is the chief of a glorious people, leaving a successor in every citizen who shared his ideas, and who sympathized with his noble and well-founded aspirations. It is not a purple covered throne, which has been shrouded in crape-it is the heart of a great empire which has been cast

into mourning. That cause of which he was the strenuous champion has not ceased to exist, but all weep at his loss, in horror at the crime and occasion; and for the expectations which his pure and glorious intentions had inspired."

And from our nearest South American republic comes this graceful tribute:

ABRAHAM LINCOLN.

The name with which we head these lines will be one of the most famous which this century, fruitful in great men and great events, will transmit to the admiration and love of posterity.

Of the many great men whom war, diplomacy and politics have raised upon the wings of human passions, none will, perhaps, enjoy a history, a fame, so pure and imperishable as he, controlling the turbulent waves of the most colossal war of modern times, preserved order with liberty and maintained the integrity of a great republic, while the bonds of its society were being broken into atoms by the advent of a new civilization.

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The greatness of Mr. Lincoln consisted * in his manly good common sense, in the firmness of his character, in the instinctive sagacity with which he anticipated the genius and tendencies of his people, in his devoted patriotism; in his genial honesty; his guileless frankness; the serenity of his spirit: in his unequalled capacity to follow without ever losing sight of the thread of events; and to adapt his efforts to the magnitude and actual stage of the crisis; and to give to the cause of an abstract idea all the interest of enthusiasm and of passion. * * * To raise, within a few months * an army of seven hundred thousand men: to increase a navy from forty to nearly a thousand vessels, within three years: to feel the before-hidden hate of despots now violently hissing in its face: to see ambition and treason spring up in its bosom, where before had been only submissive adoration of the people; to listen, amidst the general tumult, to the most discordant counsels:-to face all these necessities, all these troubles, annoyances and dangers; and to march on, like Atlas, with all the world on his shoulders, firm and full of faith to the last, was the task intrusted to, and faithfully performed by, Abraham Lincoln.

From the beginning, France and England wished to recognize the independence of the Confederates; but they had to shrink be