"Our respected guest and representative, John Fielden, Esq."-Three times three." attends their efforts, with consequent held by all classes in Oldham, he would, vexation and disappointment to their without further preface, give employers, who attribute the miscarriage to the imperfection of the art, and not to the ignorance of the operators. Thus probably, until some distinguished Mr. FIELDEN rose and said, gentlePROFESSOR of both arts shall arise, who, men, for the kindness which you have uniting the rare qualities of a skilful just shown, in drinking my health as physiologist, a practical planter, and a your representative, I return you my master of landscape, in one and the same thanks; I return you my thanks for person, I fear, that the arts in question, the high honour you have done me in however calculated to be useful, will re-making me your representative. By main a dead letter to the British public. that act of kindness and of confidence Should this person acquire but the one I am laid under the greatest and most half of the patronage bestowed upon lasting'obligations to you. (Loud cheers.) BROWN, and less than the half of his self-sufficiency, he might bring into repute a system, which, being founded in NATURE, cannot err, and therefore cannot mislead its votaries. As a planter yourself, and a writer on planting, I hope you will dedicate an entire Register, or at least a considerable part of one, to these new topics. I remain, dear Sir, PUBLIC DINNER AT OLDHAM. Under the consciousness of my own unfitness for so high an office, it is a great consolation to me that I have not sought it, and that I have accepted it, determined, under all circumstances, to do my best to promote your interests. It is a consolation to me to be convinced that you will give me credit for attempting to do my best, and that you will bear with me and my defects. (Cheers.) To be thus associated with such a body as the reformers of Oldham, is, indeed, a distinguished honour. And when I look at the company by whom I am now surrounded; when I take a retrospective view of what they have done and suffered; when I conTHE electors of Oldham, on Thursday sider the violence with which they last, had a public dinner at the Swan Inn, have been abused, condemned, calumin celebration of the triumph of radical niated, and persecuted; and when I reform in their borough, in the return consider the occasion which we are of Messrs. Fielden and Cobbett. Both now celebrating, it gives me a full the great rooms were crowded with conviction, if anything were wanting company, and a cheerful evening was to give me that conviction, that the spent in celebrating an event on which cause in which you have suffered, is the not England only, but Europe looks cause of truth, is a cause of having at with interest. John Fielden, Esq. M. P., | heart the happiness and well-being of William Eagle, Esq., and John Cobbett, the human race. (Loud cheers.) I know Esq, were among the parties, not in- many persons in this borough who habitants of the town, present at the have been prosecuted, persecuted, entertainment. When the cloth was hunted down like wild beasts, only for removed, Mr. Joshua Milne, of Cromp-earnestly pleading and suing for that ton, took the chair, and after an appro-reform, for which the whole nation has priate introduction, gave the first toast.now cried aloud with one voice. The "The people, the only true source of reformers of those days took sure power."-Three times three. The CHAIRMAN rose and said, that as nothing from him could enhance the estimation in which the gentleman whom he was about to propose was ground, the ground of radical reform. The cause of reform has triumphed at last, in some degree, by the united efforts of Whigs, and Liberals, and Radicals; but those who had taken that ground, the radical reformers, are of a precipice; and, if nothing be done the only really consistent party in the to guard us, we are sure to be cast down kingdom. The Reform Bill is passed. it. There are a great many remedies Thus far, we have succeeded; and to proposed; and it is of the first importguide our future progress it is necessary ance that the radical reformers particuto pause bere and inquire what has been larly should be clear, correct, and united the cause, the immediate active cause in opinion, as to the proper course to be of our success. That cause is the over- pursued. Some insist on an alteration whelming distress of all the productive of the corn-laws, proposing, either by classes of the country. When we look the repeal or the modification of those at the labouring classes, we find them laws, to give us cheap bread. There involved in distress unprecedented in are men, certainly not the friends of pothe history of our country, compared pular liberty, everlastingly dinning into with the same degree of exertion. the ears of the manufacturers the neNever was labour made before so pro- cessity of a repeal. The cry is wellductive as at present in England; never sounding; and it is very desirable that, was there before distress so severe and by some alteration, the manufacturer so universal among the producers. should be better compensated than he Their employers, at the same time, are now is. But this project seems to me also in the greatest distress. Their to be calculated to divide the people, profits are continually falling off; the and to be suggested in order to divide wages of their men fall off in conse- them, and thereby to lessen the effect quence, from their positive inability to which the manufacturers, acting togepay. They are not blamable-it is not ther for the purpose of reducing taxain their power to give more. In my tion, would have in obtaining real own trade there is a fabric which we relief from our distresses. There is make; and though the wages are very a large part of the people to whom low in money, we give in kind as much the corn-laws are necessary, in conas we did when the wages were eight sequence of an oppressive taxation. times their present amount, a proof It is impossible that, without this prothat it is not the master who gets the profit of robbing the workman. The distress is common to them both; and this distress has brought about the Reform Bill: this distress has brought forward the bit-and-bit reformers and the Whig reformers, to join the people; and thus we have got the Reform Bill; but we have not yet got the reform. The cause of the Reform Bill was excessive taxation; this taxation was caused by the debt; and the charge of the debt was enhanced threefold by Peel's bill; for we have three times the quantity of goods to make, to pay the same amount in money which we paid at the close of the war. Seeing, then, that taxation is the cause of the distress, and that the Reform Bill has done nothing yet to remove that cause, the question is, what use are we now to make of it? What we want is practical and immediate relief. The distress and ruin of all the productive classes are so great, that it has placed us on the brink tection, the farmers of England could, since the peace, have pursued their occupation. There had been, in fact, an agreement entered into; the agreement was this, that if the landlords would join the Government in contracting the loans, at the close of the war they should have the protection of a corn-law. When the peace came, the corn-law was passed, the object of which was to keep up the price of wheat to SOs. the quarter. This law was put into operation; it succeeded but partially in protecting the land, whilst it caused great distress among the people. The cries of distress, and repeated applications to Parliament, caused a modification to be made, and a new law was framed giving 60s. instead of 80s., as the standard. Now here was at once a breach, as respected the land, of that thing called national faith. National faith has been here broken in favour of the fundholders, and to the prejudice of one great productive interest of the country. What I am endeavouring to guard you of taxes, and raising of wages, the workagainst is, joining in the clamour for ing men will be doubly relieved. I althe repeal of the corn-laws, as a sepa- ways feel a diffidence in addressing a rate object, to keep up which clamour is public audience. On this occasion I the constant aim of those who are ad- came rather to hear than to speak. I verse to real reform. My decided opi- came to ascertain your opinions, and to nion is, that the repeal of the corn-laws, receive your instructious, and having unaccompanied by other measures, thanked you once more for the kindness would give us no relief. We have here of your reception, I will now sit down good lands, partly uncultivated, and with the expression of my anxious hope partly ill-cultivated. We have thou-that the Reform Bill may be made sands in a state of pauperism, only effective for the practical purposes for asking permission to cultivate that the sake of which you have supported land, and consume its produce; and it. (Cheers.) we have a Government saying, "You The CHAIRMAN next proposed the shall not till the land, you shall health of Mr. Cobbett, which was acnot cause it to bear its increase, but knowledged by Mr. John Cobbett. we will tax this land to furnish you We regret we have no room for furthe means of going out to distant and ther detail, beyond a short statement of unhealthy climates, most probably there the instructions which Mr. Fielden reto perish miserably." We have suffi-ceived from his constituents. it which we were honestly entitled to get back. He told him to tell the House that these were the instructions which he received from the electors of Oldham, by the mouth of one who nominated him; and to add that there were twenty thousand of the roughheads of Oldham prepared to support those instructions by all the means left them by the constitution. cient land, we have labourers sufficient Mr. TAYLOR, of Shaw, told him, on to produce corn here cheaper than we getting into the house to take the can have it produced anywhere else, in-national ledger in his hand, and exacluding the cost and the waste of con-mine how it happened that we were veying it into this country; and how 800 millions in debt; to learn how the monstrous is the system, which, while money actually borrowed had been it keeps a portion of the people idle spent; and to see if there was none of upon this unproductive land, employs another portion as idly in bringing corn at a great charge from foreign and distant countries! There must be another cause than our numbers, why we cannot raise corn at as cheap a price here as abroad; and this cause is that taxation which compels the farmer to pay his taxes by the high price of his corn, or to go without remuneration for his labour. The proper course then is to Mr. FITTON, of Royton, inquired of supplicate, or if necessary to insist, that the lawyers present whether the constithe taxes be reduced. It is most im-tutional remedy for the sufferings of the portant to keep straight on this point; people was not to give grievances the for if we take the other course, then we precedence of supply. become a divided people; then farmers and manufacturers are arrayed in hostility to each other, and all that tyrants seek is accomplished. The reduction of taxes, which the farmers will seek in common with us, gives that relief which we all stand in need of. The reduction of taxes will enable the manufacturer to gain more profit at a less price. The reduction of taxes will enable the manufacturer to have better profits with higher wages; and by the reduction Mr. J. COBBETT and Mr. EAGLE having both answered in the affirmative; this course was recommended to the adoption of Mr. Fielden. TREVOR'S DEFEAT! (From the Durham Chronicle of the 14. inst.) DURHAM CITY ELECTION. POOR Mr. TREVOR! His glory departed on Wednesday; and on Thursday he left the city to seek consolation, we understand, in the retirement of On the contrary, the administering of Wynyard. So, all his boasting-all his the last bitter pill, for the cure of the gentle blessings on adverse freemen- scarlet fever, was confided to the taper all the prayers he has uttered within the fingers of "the Galen of our modern last six months-and oh! worse than days," who, having helped to bring these, the confident predictions of the him into the world, was appropriately sagacious conductor of the Advertiser, enough employed to send him out of it have ended in his discomfiture! Well- again. a-day! Not even the benedictions of But to drop this strain, and to adopt the church, the votes of the choristers, a tone more suited to the melancholy the smiles of the Bishop of BRISTOL's condition of Mr. TREVOR's pitiable case. lady's-maid, the greasy favours of his He has been defeated—and defeated by Lordship's cook, the frowns of Mr. the resolution and firmness of men who Leybourne, or the Christian zeal of the showed that they had virtue enough to reverend Historian of the Valdois-no-resist the temptations held out from thing could carry him farther up the Wynyard and Seaham Harbour, and to poll than the bottom thereof! Poor, despise the anathemas thundered against ill-used child of grace-to be so scurvily them from the Cathedral Church of rejected at the hands of those to whom Durham. Corruption supported Mr. he might have been a saintly protector TREVOR on one side, and terror on the from the demoralization of "beer," and other. The meanest arts, the most a pattern in the paths of temperance, viperous menaces, were alternately emgood converse, and politeness! Verily, ployed to cajole and intimidate. The our very bowels yearn with pity for his freemen were attempted to be bought fall. His bones must have been almost off by work in Lord Londonderry's as grievously shaken as Alderman collieries, and many of them were so, Thompson's by the tumble. He and the tradesmen of the town were must never attempt to climb again-or threatened with the loss of the college his next fall may be his death. We custom if they dared to vote against the complain only of one part of his conduct sanctimonious impostor whom the Rev. more immediately connected with the Mr. DAVISON, in mockery we presume, three days of the election. It is said thought proper to designate as a friend that the Lord Chancellor Thurlow, to the privileges of the people of Durwho had (like Mr. Trevor) a great ham! Lordly prelates and their menials aversion to swearing, was about to were associated in this becoming occuquit his court at the end of a term, pation-and it is with feelings of regret without taking leave of the bar, when we hear that one Prebendary, in partia young barrister exclaimed, "He cular, distinguished himself by the zeal might have said D-n you;" over- with which he exerted himself in behalf hearing which his Lordship stepped of Mr. TREVOR amongst those whose back, smiled, bowed, and retired. plighted faith should have guarded Now what we disliked most in Mr. them from such intrusion. It is needTrevor's electioneering life, was the manner of his leaving it. He did not, on the last day of the contest, when his term was over, condescend to appear before the electors, even to say, "D-n you!" To be sure, he might have been influenced by prudential breeches-pocket considerations in stopping away, as his reverend friend who nominated him But if men in a situation to be coerced was present, and might, in his magis-by the stern hand of clerical power were terial capacity, have fined him 5s. for compelled to vote contrary to their conswearing, which would have been a sciences, and inconsistently with their grievous affliction, plus his other losses. known political opinions, and were, on less to say, that these efforts were, in frequent instances, successful in their object. We blame not the voters for this, but the individuals who, having shown such an unseemly contempt for moral obligation in others, almost provoke the conclusion that its ties do not fetter their own actions. such grounds, objects rather of sym-1 pathy and compassion, than of scorn WOLVERHAMPTON ELECTION. and contempt, what can we say of the Mr. NICHOLSON felt himself called upon conduct of men whose situation in life in the first place cordially to thank the reis of the highest - who are rich in turning-officers for the very impartial and worldly possessions-above the cares of satisfactory way in which they had performed their arduous duty. He had to thank the the times--beyond the reach of priestly candidates for the kind and gentlemanly vengeance, or the grasp of aristocratic feeling which had been manifested towards hostility-albeit great sticklers for re- him; he was satisfied although he was at the form-clamourers for the bill at one bottom of the poll, and he was aware that county meeting, and, at another, casti- he did not leave a particle of ill feeling begators of the people for their supineness in demanding the "pepper and salt" necessary for our political existencewhat shall we say when we see such men-even "GEORGE TOWNSEND Fox, ESQUIRE," of the South Bailey, Durham, and of Westoe, South Shields, bartering his public character for the world's contempt, and voting for the nominee of a boroughmongering lord one of the fiercest destroyers of pepper and salt" to exclude a stanch supporter of "the Bill," and by so doing to neutralize the voice of the city of Durham in the legislature ? To condemn truckling on the part of a poor man, and to pass over in silence the pitiful baseness of this traitorous act on the part of a rich one, were to reverse the principles of justice,-to strain at a gnat and swallow a camel. But we cannot gulp the monster; and we hold him up as a mark and warning to others. Richard says, "Great men have greater sins." Mr. Fox, degenerate to his name at least, is a living proof of the truth of the apophthegm. the " To conclude, we can only remark, that while many instances have occurred, in reference to this election, to prove the necessity of the ballot, the result shows the advantage of taking the power of returning members to Parliament out of the hands of the boroughmongers and placing it in those of the people. Mr. CHAYTOR is a tried reformer; and in addition to Mr. HARLAND being the son of one of the oldest and best reformers in the kingdom, his speech gives token that, in electing him, the inhabitants of Durham have secured the services of a well-informed, intelligent, and able man, hind him. He came among them a perfect |