63 61 10. POOR MAN'S FRIEND. A new | Lately published, Price 4s. 6d., extra boards edition. Price 8d. 13. SERMONS.-There are twelve of these, in one volume, on the following subjects: 1. Hypocrisy and Cruelty ; 2. Drunkenness; 3. Bribery; 4. Oppression; 5. Unjust Judges; 6. The Sluggard; 7. The Murderer; 8. The Gamester; 9. Public Robbery; 10. The Unnatural Mother; 11. The Sin of Forbidding Marriage; 12. On the Duties of Parsons, aud on the Institution and Object of Tithes. Price 3s. 6d. bound in boards. A Thirteenth Sermon, entitled "GOOD JOURNAL OF A TOUR IN ITALY, AND ALSO IN PART OF FRANCE AND SWITZERLAND; From Paris, through Lyons, to Marseilles, 14. MARTENS'S LAW OF NATIONS. This is the Book which was the foundation of all the knowledge that I have A ever possessed relative to public law. The Price is 17s., and the manner of its execution is, I think, such as to make it fit for the Library of any Gentleman. 15. ROMAN HISTORY, French and English, intended, not only as a History for Young People to read, but as a Book of Exercises to accompany my French Grammar. Two Volumes. Price 13s, in boards. 16. PAPER AGAINST GOLD; or, the History and Mystery of the National Debt, the Bank of England, the Funds, and all the The space of time being, From October 1828, to September 1829. CONTAINING description of the country, of the principal cities and their most striking curiosities of the climate, soil, agriculture, horticulture, and products; of the prices of provisions and labour; and of the dresses and conditions of the people; AND ALSO and religious, and of the morals and deAn account of the laws and customs, civil meanour of the inhabitants, in the several States. By JAMES P. COBBETT. Trickery of Paper Money. The Price of this To be had at No. 11, Bolt-court, Fleet-street. book, very nicely printed, is 5s. 17. LETTERS FROM FRANCE: containing Observations made in that Country during a Residence of Two Months in the South, and Three Months at Paris. By JOHN M. COBBETT. Price 4s. in boards. 18. A TREATISE ON COBBETT'S CORN; containing Instructions for Propagating and Cultivating the Plant, and for Harvesting and Preserving the Crop; and also an account of the several uses to which the Produce is applied. Price 2s. 6d. 19. PROTESTANT "REFORMATION" in England and Ireland, showing how that event has impoverished and degraded the main body of the people in those countries. Two volumes, bound in boards. The Price of the first volume is 4s. 6d. The Price of the second volume 3s. 6d. THE CRY OF BLOOD FROM IRELAND! A LETTER to the REFORMERS of GREAT BRITAIN, on the recent Tithe doings, with a Picture of the Anglesea VOL.78.-No. 2.] LONDON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 13th, 1832. [Price Is. 2d. There is here and there a spot of good land, just as in the deep valleys that I crossed; but, generally speaking, the country is poor; and its bleakness is proved by the almost total absence of the oak tree, of which we see scarcely one all the way from MORPETH to Hexham. Very few trees of any sort, except in the bottom of the warm valleys; what there are, are chiefly the Asu, which is a PROGRESS IN THE NORTH. very hardy tree, and will live and thrive Hexham, 1. Oct., 1832. I LEFT Morpeth this morning pretty early in a post-chaise, to come to this town, which lies on the banks of the TYNE, at thirty-four miles distant from MORPETH, and at twenty distant from Newcastle. MORPETH is a great markettown, for cattle especially. It is a solid old town; but it has the disgrace of seeing an enormous new jail rising up in it. From cathedrals and monasteries we are come to be proud of our jails, which are built in the grandest style, and seemingly as if to imitate the GoTHIC architecture. At MORPETH my friend supplied me with plenty of peaches, along with every other good thing to eat and drink; and along with that, which was much more valuable than all these put together, his most sensible conversation. He showed me some of my corn, very nearly ripe, and as fine as any that I ever saw in my life. From MORPETH to within about four miles of HEXHAM, the land is but very indifferent; the farms of an enormous extent. I saw in one place more than a hundred corn-stacks in one yard, each having from six to seven Surrey wagonloads of sheaves in a stack; and not another house to be seen within a mile or two of the farm-house. There appears to be no such thing as barns, but merely a place to take in a stack at a time, and thrash it out by a machine. The country seems to be almost wholly destitute of people. Immense tracks of cornland, but neither cottages nor churches. where the OAK will not grow at all, which is very curious, seeing that it comes out into leaf so late in the spring, and sheds its foliage so early in the fall. The trees, which stand next in point of hardiness, are the SYCAMORE, the BERCH, and the BIRCH, which are all seen here; but none of them fine. The ASH is the most common tree, and even it flinches upon the hills, which it never does in the SouтH. It has generally become yellow in the leaf already; and many of the trees are now bare of leaf before any frost has made its appearance. The cattle all along here are of a coarse kind ; the cows, swag-backed and badly shaped, KILOE oxen, except in the dips of good land by the sides of the bourns which I crossed. Nevertheless, even here, the fields of turnips, of both sorts, are very fine. Great pains seem to be taken in raising the crops of these turnips: they are all cultivated in rows, are kept exceedingly clean, and they are carried in as winter food for all the animals of a farm, the horses excepted. As I approached HEXUAM, which, as the reader knows, was formerly the seat of a famous abbey, and the scene of a not less famous battle, and was, indeed, at one time, the SEE of a bishop, and which has now churches of great antiquity and cathedral-like architecture; as I approached this town, along a valley down which runs a small river that soon after empties itself into the TYNE, the land became good, the ash trees more lofty, and green as in June; the other trees proportionably large and fine; and when I got down into the vale of HEX-BEAUMONT, who, not many days before, HAM itself, there I found the oak tree, in what he called a speech, I suppose, certain proof of a milder atmosphere; made at NEWCASTLE, thought proper, as for the oak, though amongst the hardest was reported in the newspapers, to woods, is amongst the tenderest of utter the following words with regard plants known as natives of our country. to me, never having, in his life, received Here everything assumes a different ap- the slightest provocation for so doing. pearance. The TYNE, the southern and" The liberty of the press had nonorthern branches of which meet a few" thing to fear from the Government. miles above HEXHAM, runs close by this" It was the duty of the adininistration ancient and celebrated town, all round" to be upon their guard to prevent exwhich the ground rises gradually away "tremes. There was a crouching sertowards the hills, crowned here and " vility on the one hand, and an excitethere with the remains of those castles "ment to disorganization and to licenwhich were formerly found necessary" tiousness on the other, which ought to for the defence of this rich and valuable" be discountenanced. The company, valley, which, from tip of hill to tip of" he believed, as much disapproved of hill, varies, perhaps, from four to seven "that political traveller who was miles wide, and which contains as fine" now going through the country-he corn-fields as those of Wiltshire, and " meant Cobbett-as they detested the fields of turnips, of both kinds, the" servile effusions of the Tories." BEAUJargest, finest, and best cultivated, that MONT, in addition to his native stupimy eyes ever beheld. As a proof of the dity and imbecility, might have been goodness of the land and the mildness drunk when he said this, but the serof the climate here, there is, in the vile wretch who published it was not grounds of the gentleman who had the drunk; and, at any rate, BEAUMONT was kindness to receive and to entertain me my mark, it not being my custom to (and that in a manner which will pre- snap at the stick, but at the cowardly vent me from ever forgetting either hand that wields it. him or his most amiable wife); there It is my fashion, to meet, if I can, is, standing in his ground, about an acre every assailant upon his own dunghill. of my corn, which will ripen perfectly BEAUMONT knew I was to be at HEXwell; and, in the same grounds, which, HAM; that is his dunghill; but he took together with the kitchen-garden and very good care not to be seen in the all the appurtenances belonging to a neighbourhood at the time; though, house, and the house itself, are laid out, which is curious enough, the dirty felarranged, and contrived, in a manner so low made his appearance there when judicious, and to me so original, as to he found I was gone off to NEWCASTLE. render them objects of great interest, Such a wretch, such a truly contemptithough, in general, I set very little va- ble fellow, cannot be an object of what lue on the things which appertain mere- is properly called vengeance with any ly to the enjoyments of the rich; in man who is worth a straw; but, I say, these same grounds (to come back with SwIFT, "If a flea or a bug bite again to the climate), I perceived that me, I will kill it if I can ;" and, acting the rather tender evergreens not only lived but throve perfectly well, and (a criterion infallible) the biennial stocks stand the winter without any covering or any pains taken to shelter them; which, as every one knows, is by no means always the case, even at KENSINGTON and FULHAM. At night I gave a lecture at an inn, at HEXHAM, in the midst of the domains of that impudent and stupid man, Mr. upon that principle, I, being at HEXHAM, put my foot upon this contemptible creeping thing, who is offering himself as a candidate for the southern division of the county, being so eminently fitted to be a maker of the laws! The newspapers have told the whole country that Mr. JOHN RIDLEY, who is a tradesman at HEXHAM, and occupies some land close by, has made a stand against the demand for tithes; and that saw it but a mere gutter; and its other source (the Isis) I rode across (not more than four yards over), the water not reaching up to the belly of my horse. These sides of the TYNE are very fine: corn-fields, woods, pastures, villages; a church every four miles, or thereabouts; cows and sheep beautiful; oak trees, though none very large; and, in short, a fertile and beautiful country, wanting only the gardens and the vine-covered cottages that so beautify the counties in the South and the West. All the buildings are of stone. Here are coalworks and rail-ways every now and then. The working people seem to be very well off; their dwellings solid and clean, and their furniture good; but the little gardens and orchards are wanting. The farms are all large; and the people who work on them either live in the farm-house, or in buildings appertaining to the farm-house; and they are all well fed, and have no temptation to acts like those which sprang up out of the ill-treatment of the labourers in the SouтH. Besides, the mere country people are so few in number, the state of society is altogether so different, that a man who has lived here all his lifetime, can form no judgment at all with regard to the situation, the wants, and the treatment of the working people in the counties of the SOUTH. the tithe-owner recently broke open, in bridge; and I have seen that valley the night, the gate of his field, and from the source of the THAMES to Loncarried away what he deemed to be the don-bridge. At its northern source I tithe; that Mr. RIDLEY applied to the magistrates, who could only refer him to a court of law to recover damages for the trespass. When I arrived at HexHAM, I found this to be the case. I further found that BEAUMONT, that impudent, silly and slanderous BEAUMONT, is the lay-owner of the tithes in and round about HEXHAM; he being, in a right line, doubtless, the heir or successor of the abbot and monks of the Abbey of HEXHAM; or, the heir of the donor, EGFRID, king of Northumberland. I found that BEAUMONT had leased out his tithes to middle men, as is the lauda ble custom with the pious bishops and clergy of the law-church in Ireland. Finding all this, I, after some introductory matter, made my lecture consist of a dissertation on tithes; and, I think, I proved to the entire satisfaction of the people of HEXHAM, that all tithes were public property; that it would be the duty of the reformed Parliament completely to abolish them both in England and in Ireland; and that, in no respect whatsoever did the claim of the lay-impropriator differ from that of the clergy themselves. How it would have delighted BEAUMONT to have seen himself placed in the same boat, cheek-by-jowl, with all the crowds of fat rectors and vicars! How wise he would have looked; and how still more zealous he would have been to prevent "licentiousness in the press ;" and how still more necessary he would have found it to express his "disapprobation of the political traveller, Cobbett!" North Shields, 2. Oct., 1832, Yesterday morning I came from HEXHAM to NEWCASTLE; from NEWCASTLE to SOUTH SHIELDS (where I have lectured this evening); and now I am here with an intention to lecture here to-morrow night. From HEXHAM to NEWCASTLE I came down in a post-chaise, on the south-side of the TYNE, along a valley which is as fine a corn country as any that is to be seen in any parts of the banks of the THAMES above London They have begun to make a rail-way from CARLISLE to NEWCASTLE; and I saw them at work at it as I came along. There are great lead-mines not far from HEXHAM; and I saw a great number of little one-horse carts bringing down the pigs of lead to the point where the TYNE becomes navigable to NEWCASTLE ; and Sometimes I saw loads of these pigs lying by the road-side, as you see parcels of timber lying in Kent and Sussex, and other timber counties. No fear of their being stolen: their weight is their security, together with their value compared with that of the labour of carrying. Hearing that BEAUMONT was, somehow or other, connected with this lead-work, I had got it into my head that he was a pig of lead himself, and half expected to meet with him amongst these groups of his fellowcreatures; but, upon inquiry, I found that some of the lead-mines belonged to him; descending, probably, in that same right line in which the tithes descended to him; and, as the Bishop of Durham is said to be the owner of great leadmines, BEAUMONT and the bishop may possibly be in the same boat with regard to the subterranean estate as well as that upon the surface; and, if this should be the case, it will, I verily believe, require all the piety of the bishop, and all the wisdom of BEAUMONT, to keep the boat above water for another five years. North Shields, 3. Oct., 1832. I lectured at SOUTH SHIELDS last evening, and here this evening. I came over the river from SOUTH SHIELDS about eleven o'clock last night, and made a very firm bargain with myself never to do the like again. This evening, after my lecture was over,some gentlemen presented an address to me upon the stage, before the audience, accompanied with the valuable and honourable present of the late Mr. EnEAS MACKENZIE'S HISTORY OF THE COUNTY OF NORTHUMBERLAND; a very interesting work, worthy of every library in the kingdom. I shall insert this address byand-by; and in the meanwhile proceed with my progress in the NORTH. Sir As I approached NEWCASTLE, the col- From NEWCASTLE to Morpeth; lieries, the rail-roads, the citizens' coun- from MORPETH to HEXHAM; and then try boxes, the smoke, the bustle, and all the way down the TYNE; though, all the London-like appearance again everywhere such abundance of fine met my eye. But, judge of my sur-turnips, and, in some cases, of mangelprise when I saw a HAMMERSMITH-wurzel, you see scarcely any potatoes; BRIDGE swinging upon chains, and a certain sign that the working people with just such a lodge for the toll-man do not live like hogs. This root is to live in; and with everything as raised in Northumberland and Durham, much like the WEN as a young ape is to be used merely as garden-stuff; and, like an old one! Over it I went, look-used in that way, it is very good; the ing at the tide below, and seeing the contrary of which I never thought, boats push about, as I have so often much less did I ever say it. It is the done, going from KENSINGTON to BARN-using of it as a substitute for bread and ELM and back again. This NEWCASTLE for meat, that I have deprecated it; and, is really and truly the London of the when the Irish poet, Dr. DRENNEN, called NORTH it has all the solidity of the it" the lazy root, and the root of micity of London; all its appearances of sery," he gave it its true character. industry and of real wealth; all its pros- CHARLES WOLSELEY, who has travelled pects of permanency; and, there is only a great deal in France, Germany, and this difference in the people, that, at Italy, and who, though SCOTT-ELDON NEWCASTLE they are all of one breed, scratched him out of the commission of and of one stamp; whereas London is the peace, and though the sincere painhabited by persons from every part of triot BROUGHAM will not put him in the kingdom, not omitting a consider- again, is a very great and accurate obable number from the sister kingdom! server as to these interesting matters, As to which has the best population, I has assured me, that, in whatever proam naturally shy about delivering a portion the cultivation of potatoes prevery decided opinion; but this I will vails in those countries, in that same say, that a better race than that at NEW-proportion the working-people are CASTLE and its vicinity, I am quite sa- wretched; an assurance which is fully tisfied that there is not upon this earth. corroborated by my son William, who Here you find all the good qualities, public and private; and, which is a great thing to say, you find them in every class. is also a most competent judge, and who has had opportunities of seeing parts of France and Belgium, which Sir CHARLES may not have seen. From this degrading curse; from sitting round a dirty |