true when it is known that Mr. Word has always eschewed political honors. In earlier days, in response to party calls, he was elected and served four terms in the Legislature of the Territory, in both the upper and lower houses; but men of talent for that particular service were scarce, and he obeyed the call to duty as a patriot rather than an office-seeker. In 18789, he was Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Territory. He was sent as a delegate to the Democratic National Convention that nominated ex-President Cleveland in Chicago in 1884, and it was through the efforts of himself and his colleague, ex-Gov. Samuel T. Hauser, that the delegates from the Territories secured for the first time the right to cast their votes in a Democratic National Convention.

His

Mr. Word was born in Barbourville, Knox county, Kentucky, January 19th, 1837. His father was William Word. His mother's maiden name was Susan Boyd Banton. paternal ancestry, so far as they have been traced, came from Scotland and settled in South Carolina some time before the American Revolution. His maternal ancestors were among those who early migrated from Virginia into Kentucky. Mr. Word's father was born in Powell's Valley, Tennessee. He went with his father's family into Knox county, Kentucky, where he was raised and lived, and where Samuel Word was born and lived until he was fifteen or sixteen

years of age. His father left Knox county, and for several years resided in the town of Somerset, Pulaski county, Kentucky. In the Spring of 1856 Mr. Word's father emigrated to Kansas. In 1854 young Word went to Bethany College, Virginia. After a short period spent at college, his health failing, he went to Kansas, where his father had in in the meantime located. Before leaving Kentucky and before going to Bethany he commenced reading law with Andrew J. James, afterwards Attorney General of the State of Kentucky, but feeling the lack of education and appreciating its advantages, he left Mr. James' office and for a while taught school in order that he might secure the means wherewith to pay his way through college, his father being too poor to afford him collegiate training. In 1856, after leaving college, and after a short time spent in Kansas, he went into the office of Silas Woodson, of Missouri, afterwards Governor of that State. He remained there until August, 1858. Having obtained license to practice law from Judge Elijah H. Norton, now one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of the State of Missouri, he commenced the practice of law in Oregon, Holt county, Missouri, as a partner of Colonel James Foster of that place, and after three or four years of successful practice at the bar, he came West. In the meantime he had married the only daughter of his part

ner.

He came to what was then Idaho Territory, now Montana. He reached Alder Gulch in the Summer of 1863, and commenced placer mining, Alder Gulch at that time being the Mecca of every one who had heard of the almost incredible stories of its golden wealth. An army of placer miners swarmed for miles in this gulch, working by day and night, and taking out immense quantities of pay dirt. After mining awhile Mr. Word began practicing law in Virginia City, the most populous mining camp then in Montana, situated at the head of Alder Gulch, where most of the wealth that came from Alder Gulch found ready circulation in all the fluent channels of the primitive mining camp. After a year or two spent in the West, Mr. Work returned east to settle his matters there, and to return West with his wife, to permanently locate in Montana. He has practiced law ever since. He has been successful in all his practice, but as a jury lawyer he has been pre-eminently so. For the quibbles and technicalities of the law he has an utter contempt; for whatever of broad and uncompromising justice it may evolve a profound respect. One of the noted cases in which his great ability as a jury lawyer was demonstrated was that of the Territory vs. McAndrews, tried in the year 1877. It was a case of homicide. Mr. Word was employed by the county commissioners of Jefferson county to assist in the prosecu

tion of the case. He agreed on condition that should he at any time. during the course of the trial feel satisfied of the innocence of the accused, he would be allowed to withdraw from the case. The condition was agreed to. As the case progressed, Mr. Word became so thoroughly convinced of the guilt of the accused, and of the heinousness and brutality of his crime, that when he summed up the case for the Territory he called into requisition all his magnificent powers of denunciation, invective, and eloquent anatomization of human passions and emotions, and delivered one of the most powerful pleas ever addressed to a jury. The prisoner was convicted, and after an appeal to the Supreme Court, which was decided against the defendant, he was hanged. The speech itself is still vividly remembered by those who were present. Mr. Word has tried many capital cases before and since that time, but none, perhaps, in which he displayed more ability than in the case of the Territory vs. McAndrews.

As an orator Mr. Word appears to even greater advantage before a large audience than in the contracted limits of a court room. His voice, his presence, his wit, the wealth of his illustrations, find wider scope and horizon. There is perhaps no orator in Montana who can draw a larger audience or hold an audience under more absolute sway. He has the voice, the grace and charm of style,

the ready wit, the apt metaphor, the physical proportions that fill the eye, and, more than all else, that indefinable thing called eloquence.

In 1865, Governor Edgerton appointed Mr. Word prosecuting attorney for an unexpired term for the first judicial district of Montana. He served the unexpired term and was elected, and served for the succeeding term of two years. He also acted in the capacity of counsel for the Union Pacific Railway in Montana, for nine years, until his removal to Helena three or four years ago, residing at Butte and Virginia cities. during the time of his employment in the service of that company.

Mr. Word conceived the project of placing the famous Drum-Lummon mine on the market. Thomas Cruse,

the owner and discoverer of the mine, refused to bond his property on any terms. Mr. Word finally secured consent to place the mine on the market, and sent A. H. Mallory to London to form a syndicate. The history of the sale of this mine to an English syndicate is one of the red-letter pages in the history of mining in Montana, and to the tact, judgment and ability of Mr. Word, Mr. Jeff Lowry and Mr. Mallory, is due the credit of giving at that time, 1884-5, an impetus. to the mining industry in the Territory of Montana, which undoubtedly has tended to attract the attention of the outside world to the mineral wealth of Montana. It went far towards dispelling the diffidence then

existing in regard to mining speculation and enterprises. Thousands of men, too, were given employment, and the mine to-day is one of the best paying and most successful mining properties in the country.

Another enterprise which gives Mr. Word a place among the projectors of vast business and industrial enterprises, was the placing, together with other interested parties, of the Rocky Fork coal properties on the market. For years, the people of Montana relied upon the forests for their fuel. No effort had ever been set on foot to prospect the country for coal, gold and silver mining being the all-predominant industry of the Territory, and the attention of everyone being turned in that direction. Mr. Word, together with Hon. Walter Cooper, of Bozeman, came into possession of the Rocky Fork coal fields, and immediately set to work to place them upon the market. In this, by enlisting the efforts of such men as Samuel T. Hauser, Henry Villard, Thos. F. Oakes, James L. Platt and James B. Hubbell, he was successful. A branch railroad, fifty miles in length, was built from Laurel, on the Northern Pacific Railroad, to Red Lodge, where the coal fields are located.

Since the Rocky Fork coal mines were developed, coal fields over the entire State have been discovered and developed. A new industry was opened up and there sprung into existence latent energies that have been

directed in a channel heretofore unknown in Montana. To-day, cheap fuel, the one great desideratum that had held back and imprisoned the forces of progress in this State, has been found, and the machinery of a thousand industries set in motion.

In politics, Mr. Word has always been a steadfast Democrat. He has cheerfully fought the battles of the Democratic party in Montana during its many campaigns, giving to that party unstintingly in every crisis, and without expectation of reward, the weight of his influence, his eloquence, his energy, and his judgment and knowledge of public affairs. As has been said, he has never been an officeseeker, but has always uncomplainingly laid aside his own affairs to enter into the public discussions of the political canvass, believing sincerely that every loyal citizen should espouse and urge his honest convictions in matters of governmental policy.

Socially, Mr. Word is one of the most genial and entertaining of men. He is always approachable and ever ready to listen to a statement, no matter what the individuality of its source. He has an indescribable charm of discourse, and a dash and flow of wit and anecdote that make him a welcome and indispensible

guest at every social board. His family are leaders in the social circle which has made Helena famous as a center of culture, and Mr. Word's residence is undoubtedly the most magnificent architectural design between St. Paul and Tacoma. Helena's homes excel in architectural beauty those of any other city of its size in the West, and the Word residence surpasses in dimensions, in beauty and in unostentatious richness of ornamentation that of any other in Helena. Besides Mr. and Mrs. Word, the family consists of their son, William, twenty-nine years of age, who married Miss Alice Cowan, of St. Joseph, Mo.; Robert Lee, twentyfive years of age, now finishing a course of law at Columbia College, New York; Charles F., twenty years of age, now at Yale College, and who has also a law expectancy; and May, sixteeen years of age.

Mr. Word has accumulated an enviable fortune from his law practice, and in the development of business enterprises, and has always liberally bestowed his wealth in private benefi. cence and in gratifying the needs and tastes of himself and his family. He is the head of the firm of Word & Smith, one of the leading law firms of the State. C. P. CONNOLLY.

THE state of Tennessee seceded May 6th, 1861, but not without active and strong opposition from the leading Unionists among whom were: Wm. P. Brownlow, Andrew Johnson, afterwards President of the United States, and Horace Maynard, a member of the Thirty-sixth and Thirtyseventh Congresses; and on the same day (May 6) Arkansas seceded, and North Carolina May 20th. There can be but little doubt that the four States, which were the last to secede, were partially, if not wholly influenced by the attack upon Fort Sum

ter.

There was a strong Union sentiment in those four States, but there were many secessionists in the States of Maryland, Missouri and Kentucky and a few in Delaware. Representatives to the Confederate Congress were admitted from the States of Missouri and Kentucky although no duly called convention had been held in those States, to vote on the ques

tion of secession. The State of Delaware elected a governor in 1858, William Burton, who received 7,758 to 7,544 for his opponent. The Legislature convened at Dover January 2d, 1861, and Governor Burton in his message to it, said among other things in speaking of the agitated condition of the country: "The cause of all the trouble is the persistent war of the Abolitionists upon more than two billions of property; a war waged from pulpits, rostrums, and schools, by press and people, all teaching that slavery is a crime and a sin, until it has become the opinion of a portion of one section of the country. The only remedy for the evils. now threatening is a radical change. of public sentiments in regard to the question. The North should retire from its untenable position immediately."

A commissioner,one Mr. H. Dickerson, from the State of Mississippi, was allowed to address the Legislature of