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believing that he would do any thing of the kind; but he had to say that the statement that he sent such a despatch was totally unfounded. He would not pretend to deny all the charges made against him in the papers. He had attempted it once, but found the charge reiterated in the same journal the second day after he had expressly denied it. He would say how-minds, and hearts, and wills, like that which ever, now that the statement that he had telegraphed Mr. Jefferson Davis, or written him, that Kentucky would furnish him with seven thousand armed men, was, like other charges, totally false. And he had been informed by the governor of Kentucky that the charge in respect to him was equally false.

Mr. Lane then proceeded to defend the suppression of certain traitorous newspapers, disarming the people in rebellion, and other acts which the senator from Kentucky deemed to be unconstitutional. Allusion had been made to the compromise of last session, but he would only say that none was made, because of traitors who occupied the now vacant seats. All they asked now was the Kentucky remedy for treason-hemp.

On motion of Mr. Wilson, the subject was postponed till Thursday.

Doc. 95.

GENERAL POLK'S GENERAL ORDER.

GENERAL ORDER NO. 1.

HEAD-QUARTERS, Division No. 2, MEMPHIS, July 13, 1861. HAVING been assigned to the charge of the defence of that part of the Valley of the Mississippi which is embraced within the boundaries of Division No. 2, I hereby assume command. All officers on duty within the limits of said Divison will report accordingly.

In assuming this very grave responsibility, the General in command is constrained to declare his deep and long-settled conviction that the war in which we are engaged is one not warranted by reason or any necessity, political or social, of our existing condition, but that it is indefensible and of unparalleled atrocity. We have protested, and do protest, that all we desire is to be let alone, to repose in quietness under our own vine and our own fig-tree. We have sought, and only sought, the undisturbed enjoyment of the inherent and indefeasible right of self-government-a right which freemen can never relinquish, and which none but tyrants could ever seek to wrest from us. Those with whom we have been lately associated in the bonds of a pretended fraternal regard, have wished and endeavored to deprive us of this, our great birthright as American freemen Nor is this all: they have sought to deprive us of this inestimable right by a merciless war, which can attain no other possible end than the ruin of fortunes and the destruction of lives, for the subjugation of Christian freemen is out of the question.

A war which has thus no motive except lust or hate, and no object except ruin and devastation, under the shallow pretence of the restoration of the Union, is surely a war against Heaven as well as a war against earth. Of all the absurdities ever enacted, of all the hypocrisies ever practised, an attempt to restore a union of once existed in North America, by the ravages of fire and sword, is assuredly among the most prodigious. As sure as there is a righteous Ruler of the Universe, such a war must end in disaster to those by whom it was inaugurated, and by whom it is now prosecuted with circumstances of barbarity which, it is fondly believed, would never more disgrace the annals of a civilized people. Numbers may be against us, but the battle is not always to the strong. Justice will triumph, and an earnest of this triumph is already beheld in the mighty uprising of the whole Southern heart. Almost as one man this great section comes to the rescue, resolved to perish rather than yield to the oppressor, who, in the name of freedom, yet under the prime inspiration of an infidel horde, seeks to reduce eight millions of freemen to abject bondage and subjection. All ages and conditions are united in one grand and holy purpose of rolling back the desolating tide of invasion and of restoring to the people of the South that peace, independence, and right of self-government to which they are, by nature and nature's God, as justly entitled as those who seek thus ruthlessly to invade them.

The General in command, having the strongest confidence in the intelligence and firmness of purpose of those belonging to his department, enjoins upon them the maintenance of a calm, patient, persistent, and undaunted determination to resist the invasion at all hazards, and to the last extremity. It comes bringing with it a contempt for constitutional liberty, and the withering influence of the infidelity of New England and Germany combined. Its success would deprive us of a future. The best men among our invaders opposed the course they are pursuing at the first, but they have been overborne or swept into the wake of the prevailing current, and now under the promptings of their fears, or the delusions of some idolatrous reverence due to a favorite symbol, are as active as any in instigating this unnatural, unchristian, and cruel war.

Our protests, which we here solemnly repeat in the face of the civilized world, have been hitherto unheeded, and we are left alone, under God, to the resources of our own minds and our hearts-to the resources of our manhood. Upon them, knowing as he does those whom he addresses as well as those with whom you are coöperating throughout the South, the General in command feels he may rely with unwavering confidence. Let every man, then, throughout the land arm himself in the most effective manner, and hold himself in readiness to support the combined resistance. A cause which has for its object nothing less than the

security of civil liberty and the preservation of the purity of religious truth, is the cause of Heaven, and may well challenge the homage and service of the patriot and the Christian. In God is our trust. LEONIDAS POLK, Major-General P. A. C. S. Commanding.

Doc. 96.

PEACE MEETING AT NYACK, N. Y.

JULY 15, 1861.

of our common ancestry, our common sacrifices our common history, by the glories of the past, and the hopes of the future.

5. Resolved, That every government having a written constitution for its guide, should strictly adhere to its very letter, and no emergency can justify its violation. That the frequent violations of the Constitution of the United States by the present Executive, and by those under his authority, deserve and should receive the unqualified condemnation of every American citizen.

THE Peace Meeting at Nyack, Rockland 6. Resolved, That the incarceration of John County, was one of the largest and most enthu- Merryman, George F. Kane, and others at Balsiastic meetings ever held in that county. Not timore, by a military officer, in obedience to less than 1,800 people were present, represent- the command of the President, without color ing the wealth, respectability, and intelligence of law; the utter disregard of the writ of "haof that region of country. No doubt the meet-beas corpus;" and the contempt shown for the ing was increased in size very much by the efforts of the Republicans to intimidate by threatening to shed the blood of those who should dare to assemble in a council of peace.

But so far from any attempt at violence being made, the whole vast throng appeared to be animated with the one impulse of unbounded enthusiasm in the cause of freedom of speech, and of the right of self-government as it was established by our forefathers. The speeches, which were made by Mr. Burr and Mr. Van Loon, occupied nearly three hours, and were constantly interrupted by the wildest demonstrations of approval. Such was the enthusiasm created on the occasion, that, before the crowd dispersed, it was unanimously resolved to hold another meeting at the centre of the county.

The following resolutions were unanimously adopted:—

1. Resolved, That, while we yield to none in love for the Union of our States, in respect and attachment to our glorious flag, and in fealty and willing obedience to the Constitution and laws of the United States, we nevertheless protest against the attempt to subjugate the people of any State, to bayonet them into a love for our Union, or sabre them into brotherhood.

2. Resolved, That our Government was based upon the cardinal principle "that all governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed," as proclaimed by Thomas Jefferson, the great Apostle of Democracy-a principle sacredly held and maintained by every eminent statesman and jurist in our land from the time of the Declaration of Independence until the accession of the present Administration to power.

3. Resolved, That we believe that (6 war is final and eternal disunion," as declared by the late lamented Douglas; that a continuance of the present war must surely eventuate in a perpetual separation and division of our once happy and glorious Union.

4. Resolved, That we appeal to our brethren throughout the land, North as well as South, to raise their voices once more for peace and for Union. We appeal to all, by the memory

decision of the highest tribunal in our land, are acts of high-handed injustice and aggression which call for rebuke from every constitutionloving and law-abiding citizen.

7. Resolved, That the outrages attempted to be practised by the Superintendent of Police of New York city, through those under him in authority, in arresting Frederick A. Guion while in the lawful and peaceful exercise of the rights of a freeman and an American citizen, while circulating and procuring names to a respectful petition to the President of the United States, has no parallel in the annals of despotism, is disgusting for its baseness, contemptible for its craven and sycophantic imitation, and outrageous for its unparalleled violation of private rights.

8. Resolved, That an enormous standing army, such as is recommended by the President, is repugnant to the principles of our Government and dangerous to the liberties of a free people, involving the expenditure of a vast amount of money, which must be wrung from the people by burthensome taxation directly or indirectly; induces the assumption of arbitrary power, and in all republics of history has led the way for successful generals to despotic thrones.

9. Resolved, That we earnestly entreat our fellow-citizens throughout the length and breadth of our land, without distinction of party, to meet together and place the seal of popular condemnation upon the acts of violence and aggression which are dividing our beloved Union, inviting foreign interference, subverting constitutional and State rights, educating a republican people to favor a dictatorship, destructive to the dearest rights of freemen, and tending to the wildest anarchy and despotism.

10. Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions, signed by the officers of this meeting, be sent to the Hon. Edward Haight, Member of Congress from this Congressional District, and that he be requested to use every effort to stay the present fratricidal war, and urge a just compromise of pending difficulties.

11. Resolved, That the newspapers published in this county, the New York Daily News, New York Herald, Day Book, Journal of Commerce,

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GENERAL MCDOWELL'S ARMY.

SECOND DIVISION.

Col. David Hunter, 3d Cavalry, commanding. First Brigade.-Col. Andrew Porter, 16th Infantry, commanding. Battalion of Regular Infantry, (2d, 3d, & 8th Regiments ;) 8th & 14th Regiments New York Militia; Squadron 2d Cavalry, Companies G & I; Company 5th Artillery, (Light Battery.)

Second Brigade.-Col. A. E. Burnside, Rhode Island Volunteers, commanding. 1st & 2d RegiTHE subjoined General Order gives the or- ments Rhode Island Volunteers; 71st Regiment ganization of the Staff and of the several divis- New York Militia; 2d Regiment New Hampions of the army under Brigadier-General Mc-shire Volunteers; Battery of Light Artillery, Dowell, now advancing into Virginia from the 2d R. I. Regiment. lines opposite Washington.

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STAFF OF THE DEPARTMENT COMMANDER.

Adjutant-General's Department. - Captain James B. Fry, Assistant Adjutant-General. Aides-de-Camp.-First-Lieutenant H. W. Kingsbury, 5th Artillery; Major Clarence S. Brown, N. Y. State Militia; Major James S. Wordsworth, N. Y. State Militia.

Acting Inspector-General.—Major W. II. Wood, 17th Infantry.

Engineers.-Major J. G. Barnard; First-Lieutenant F. E. Prime.

Topographical Engineers.-Captain A. W. Whipple; First-Lieutenant Herry L. Abbott; Second-Lieutenant Haldimand S. Putnam.

Quartermaster's Department.-Captain O. H. Tillinghast, Assistant Quartermaster. Subsistence Department.-Capt. II. F. Clarke, Commissary of Subsistence.

Medical Department.-Surgeon, W. S. King; Assistant Surgeon, David L. Magruder.

FIRST DIVISION.

Brigadier-General Daniel Tyler, Connecticut Militia, commanding.

First Brigade.-Col. E. D. Keyes, 11th Infantry, commanding. 1st, 2d, & 3d Regiments Connecticut Volunteers; 4th Regiment Maine Volunteers; Capt. Varian's Battery of New York 8th Regiment; Company B, 2d Cavalry.

Second Brigade.-1st & 2d Regiments Ohio Volunteers; 2d Regiment New York Volunteers; Company E, 2d Artillery, (Light Battery.)

Third Brigade.—Col. Wm. T. Sherman, 13th Infantry, commanding. 69th & 79th Regiments New York Militia; 13th Regiment New York Volunteers; 2d Regiment Wisconsin Volunteers; Company E, 3d Artillery, (Light Battery.)

Fourth Brigade.—Colonel J. B. Richardson, Michigan Volunteers, commanding. 2d & 3d Regiments Michigan Volunteers; 1st Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers; 12th Regiment New York Volunteers.

THIRD DIVISION.

Colonel S. P. Heintzelman, 17th Infantry, commanding.

First Brigade.-Col. W. B. Franklin, 12th Infantry, commanding. 4th Regiment Pennsylvania Militia; 5th Regiment Massachusetts Militia; 1st Regiment Minnesota Volunteers; Company E, 2d Cavalry; Company I, 1st Artillery, (Light Battery.)

Second Brigade.-Col. O. B. Wilcox, Michigan Volunteers, commanding. 1st Regiment Michigan Volunteers; 11th Regiment New York Volunteers; Company D, 2d Artillery, (Light Battery.)

Third Brigade.—Col. O. O. Howard, Maine Volunteers, commanding. 2d, 4th, & 5th Regiments Maine Volunteers; 2d Regiment Vermont Volunteers.

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will long be remembered by all who were in this region on that day, as one of the finest in the whole season-warm, but clear and delightfully pleasant. During the morning, our little party secured the necessary passes to carry them across the river, and at three P. M. we reached the base of Arlington Heights, on horseback, this being voted the best mode of conveyance. We were fortunately well mounted, our animals were fresh, and we passed an hour or two moving around among the camps, where all was bustle and stir preparatory to joining the march ordered "at any moment."

Horses were saddled, baggage was stored, rations for three or four days were got in readiness, forty rounds of ball cartridges were distributed, the evening parade was dispensed with, the sunset gun boomed forth its thunder upon the still warm air, night fell upon the scene, and the soldiers slept upon their arms, in readiness to start at the sound of the drum or bugle.

It was generally expected that the forward movement would take place during the night; but few of the regiments, however, were in motion upon the march till Wednesday A. M. During the night, our men were in most excellent spirits, and only evinced a general anxiety to get started. So general was this feeling among the troops, and so universal was the desire to get a sight at the enemy, about whom they had heard so much, as being at Fairfax in force, &c., that few slept soundly, and the majority certainly availed themselves of this luxury with one eye open, your humble servant among the latter.

At daybreak, after staying overnight each in a blanket upon the tent floor in one of the camps, we rose with the lark, (or earlier,) at the sound of the "long roll," and in a few minutes' time everybody was out. Horses were brought up, a hasty breakfast was swallowed, a little "parading" was done, orders rang forth from tent to tent, and from regiment to regiment, and it was soon ascertained that the word had gone forth to move forthwith. At eight o'clock the column was being rapidly formed, the regiments and detachments of cavalry and artillery were forming into line, and at the signal we moved briskly forward toward Fairfax Court House, simultaneously, from Arlington, from Alexandria, and from the space between those two points-leaving behind a sufficient force to protect and to operate the fortified works at all points along the line.

any part of their thoughts for their anticipa tions.

The huge column fell into line at last, along the road. From an occasional elevation which we mounted, for the sake of enjoying the grand coup d'ail, we could see this immense body of men, in uniform dress, with stately tread and glistening arms, move steadily forward,—over twenty thousand strong at one point, and nearly two-thirds as many more at another-all marching on-on to Fairfax."

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We pushed forward with our willing steeds, keeping pace with the extreme advance, as nearly as possible, with an eye constantly ahead and around us, of course, for "breakers," after we had passed a given point; for it had been hinted to us that a "masked battery" might open on us at any moment, from some sheltered spot along the route, and we civilians had no particular wish to smell powder in this particular style, much less to get within range of any such demonstration; being (in the abstract) peace men, and only there as "lookers-on in Vienna."

Brig. General Tyler's column, consisting of four brigades, under command of Colonels Keyes, Sherman, and Richardson, led the van, and on approaching Fairfax, the artillery fired a cannon, which unluckily served to notify the rebels who were in the town that somebody was coming. There were between three and four thousand Confederate troops there, and they were partially drawn up into line of battle, when the gun rattled out its unfortunate note of warning. They quickly sent forth scouts, who returned more quickly than they came, informing the commander of the rebel force that "McDowell was approaching with a hundred thousand men at his heels!" A stampede followed this information, and before ten o'clock the town of Fairfax was evacuated by the cowardly rascals, who fled, leaving behind them many tents, tools, shovels, axes, grain bags, several quarters of fresh beef, cooking utensils, &c., &c. When our advance guard entered the town, there was nobody and nothing to seize or to contend with at Fairfax Court House!

Our troops entered Fairfax-ten thousand of them-at early noon, the bands ringing out with cheerful tones the "Star-Spangled Banner," and the boys cheering lustily for the Union and the Stars and Stripes. Six or seven thousand infantry blocked up the main street, for a time; the Court House building was taken possession of by the New Hampshire Second, Col. Gil. Marston, a secession flag was hauled The sun shone brilliantly, and the fresh morn-down and the banner of the regiment run up ing air was highly invigorating. The troops on foot started off as joyfully as if they were bound upon a New England picnic, or a clambake; and not the slightest exhibition of fear or uneasiness, even, as to what might possibly be in store for the brave fellows, (thus really setting out upon an expedition from which, in all human probability, hundreds of them will never return!) seemed for an instant to occupy VOL. II.-Doc. 26

in its place, and then the foot soldiers opened right and left, or gave way, for the entrance of the cavalry and artillery. These dashed through the town at a gallop, and down the road out into the country beyond, in search of the fugitives. After going four miles beyond Fairfax, and finding that the legs of the rebels were evidently the longest, for they made the "fastest time on record" in this war, certainly,

-our troopers returned, with the cannon, and joined the van again.

Our party consisted of Hons. Schuyler Colfax, E. B. Washburn, Messrs. Dixon of New Jersey, Judge McKeon of New York, and two or three reporters for the press. Mr. Russell of the London Times, and Mr. Raymond of the N. Y. Times, were also together, with another party. Hundreds of persons arrived in Washington on Tuesday and Wednesday, who came expressly to see the battle. The hotels were packed full of human beings-the National alone turning away over four hundred guests, whom they could not lodge, for the crowd.

A few Union people lingered behind in the village, who were greatly relieved, so they said, to see our army coming. In a few places along the road from Ball's Crossing to Fairfax, trees had been thrown down, but our hosts soon cleared the way of these impediments, and there was no further obstruction to the triumphant entree of the division of the United States army under Gen. McDowell, into the place about which so much has latterly been written and said.

From Fairfax our brave army moves toward Manassas, and thence-we hope, without delay to RICHMOND! The fever's up, and our bold troops ask only to be led, and listen earnestly for the thrilling order-" forward!" They remember that

"God, and our good cause, fight on our side; Their wives will welcome home the conquerors." There will be no yielding, no parley, no compromises now. The march is onward, and the willing hosts who have thus taken their lives in their hands for liberty, the Constitution, and the laws, will halt no more, it is believed, until the back of this unholy rebellion is effectually broken. They meet the issue manfully, cheer fully, boldly, and their watchwords now are

"God and the Right!
Richmond, and Victory!"

Yours, &c., G. P. R.

NEW YORK "HERALD" NARRATIVES.

WASHINGTON, July 17, 1861. The advance of the whole corps d'armée constituting the column under the command Two or three random shots were fired from of Brigadier-General McDowell has thus far the woods as we approached the village, wound- proved a triumphant march. All that was exing an officer and two privates, but not serious-pected or hoped to be accomplished to-day was ly. These shots were discharged by rebels who done, and almost without the firing of a gun. were mounted, and who fled before they could The rebels have fled from their intrenchments, be reached. and Fairfax Court House, the late head-quarters of General M. S. Bonham, of South Carolina, is in our possession. The Alabama and the South Carolina brigades, and a whole body of rebels in that neighborhood-variously estimated at from ten to fifteen thousand strong-took to their heels, and failed to offer any serious opposition to the advancing Union army. The success of the movement was complete.

The so-called "fortifications" of the enemy .at Fairfax are about as much like those erected by Corcoran's Irish Regiment at Arlington, and those built at Fort Ellsworth by the New York Zouaves, as a peach is like a mule's head! They are entirely fabulous, comparatively, and are of no account whatever. If such be the character of all the rebel intrenchments, they will occasion us little trouble. Guards of our troops were promptly stationed around the town, and especially about the "Court House," of which you have heard so much. The two Rhode Island Regiments, with James's rifled cannon batteries, the New Hampshire Second, the New York Seventy-first, and Eighth, five or six companies of regulars, and two other regiments took possession of Fairfax. General Bonham of South Carolina commanded the retiring rebel force.

The order had been given for the several divisions to make the attack upon the intrenched lines of the rebels at about the same time-one o'clock P. M.—and promptly, at one o'clock P. M., all the enemy's works in the neighborhood of Fairfax Court House were in our possession. The advance was made by four different routes leading towards Fairfax Court House and directly to Centreville. The right wing, composed of the First division, four brigades, under the command of General Tyler, of It was General McDowell's intention to fol- Connecticut, proceeded by the Georgetown low the enemy up, at midnight, but the boys turnpike. The centre, composed of the Second were so much fatigued with the sharp march division, two brigades, under Colonel Hunter, of the day that it was deferred till this morning. United States Army, proceeded by the LeesIt is ardently hoped that the rascals will make burg or Centreville road. The left wing was a stand at Manassas, where Beauregard is now composed of the Third division, three briin command, with some forty odd thousand gades, under Colonel S. P. Heintzelman, United men, it is said. But it is greatly feared they States Army; and the Fifth division, two briwill run again. The rebels have got the idea, gades, under Colonel Dixon S. Miles, United evidently, that the Zouaves, and the Gari-States Army. The Fifth division proceeded by baldians, and Blenker's German Rifles, and DeKalb's sharpshooters, are so many "devils in human shape," and they will be disinclined | to withstand a charge from these troops. If Beauregard does not give us battle at Manassas, his army will be thus thoroughly demoralized, and he is beaten, past a ray of hope.

the old Braddock road, and the Third by the Little River turnpike. The Fourth division, under General Runyon, of New Jersey, constituted the reserve. There were in the whole column sixty-two regiments-about fifty-five thousand men-and in the marching divisions an aggregate of forty-five thousand.

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