prepared for such an emergency around Richmond, and by detach ing 25,000 men to unite with the force already in North Carolina, and give immediate battle to Sherman, which could be done with almost certain decisive success. After which the whole army should be hastened back to Virginia to raise the siege of Richmond." How such a movement would have resulted, is left entirely to the imagination; and whether it was practicable, at the time of its recommendation, is a subject of additional doubt.

The surrender of the different armies of the Confederacy in April, 1865, brought back Gen. Beauregard, who was then with Gen. Johnston at Greensboro, North Carolina, to his native State. It appeared now to be the concurrent decision of the great leaders of the Southern armies, finding little room for themselves in the political world, to retire from the arena of public life, and devote those abilities which shone so brightly on the battle-field, and so steadily in the council chamber, to educational or commercial pursuits. Actuated by this sentiment, Gen. Beauregard has sought a new business, and is, at present, President of the New Orleans, Jackson, and Great Northern Railroad Company, attending faithfully and cheerfully to his new duties and responsibilities. Recently he went on a purely commercial tour to Europe, where he was received with great courtesy and distinction by all classes in England and France.*

* One of the journals of Paris contained an interesting notice of Gen. Beauregard, while in that capital, his person, career, etc., from which we extract the following brief notices:

"I have rarely experienced, in taking the hand of a soldier, the pleasure which I felt on pressing that of Gen. Beauregard, at the time when the Grand Hotel had the pleasure for two days of numbering him among the illustrious guests which it entertained.**** The question here is neither one of politics, nor of war, nor yet of the American question-North or South. It is a question only of one of the most sympathetic physiognomies; of one of those illustrations which we cannot let pass through Paris, without giving the profile, at least, to our readers.

"First of all we do not forget that Gen. Gustave Toutant de Beauregard is of a family originating with De la Rochelle. Besides, the fact of his name being French (as well as his character and mind, which are of our country) has not the less contributed to draw a very sympathetic attention towards him on this side of the Atlantic, during the continuation of the American war. He was one of that trio of men, respected and admired in Europe, even by their enemies, and in whose hands was held the military destiny of the Confederacy. The other two, as is known, were Jackson—surnamed while under fire 'Stonewall-and Gen. Lee.

"Beauregard is still young; he was born in Louisiana, in 1818. Physically he

Remarking on the merits of Gen. Beauregard's military life, a Southern journal has offered a criticism so acute and just, that we adopt it in the language of the accomplished writer: "In one quality of a great General he was without compeer. We mean in the indescribable magnetic influence which a few men appear to have wielded over large masses. Wellington did not possess it, nor Marlborough, nor indeed we believe did Gen. Lee. Their troops had great, indeed unbounded confidence in them, but it seems to have been confidence which grew out of trial and ripened

scarcely appears as old as he really is, notwithstanding the fatigues of a war where the responsibilities to be borne were as weighty as the dangers to be faced were great. He is above the medium height, slender, has an elegant deportment, is very gentlemanly, and has a decidedly French figure. His complexion is bronzed by exposure in the southern latitudes of America; his nose is long and shapely; his eye large and piercing; his look commanding. He wears a short moustache, partially gray, and also a small imperial. His extreme modesty, his gentleness of tone, and his simplicity of manner, cannot entirely conceal the soldier!

"I have said that Gen. Beauregard was French in character and mind; it seemed impossible for him in his American guise to forget his original country. One of his aides, Col. Lamar, told me that on his return to the General, after a voyage to France, he (Col. L.) had related to him the words of sympathy expressed in his honour in the ranks of our army, and that the General had wept for joy. One day on the heights of Charleston, Gen. Beauregard was pensively gazing towards the sea. 'You are thinking of France, General!' said Col. Lamar to him. 'Yes, I am thinking of France. Ah! if she knew for what a cause we fought, she would come to our assistance! For she believes that I am fighting for the maintenance of slavery, whilst I would willingly see in our ranks all the blacks of the South, defending with us the liberty of our territory.'

"This opinion, decidedly against the support of slavery, was confirmed by the General to me, and it must not be forgotten that it was he who in connection with Gen. Lee, proposed arming the blacks. Too late a measure!

"When I said that his name and his person inspired a lively sympathy, I found the proof of it in the crowd which filled the hall leading to the modest parlour occupied by the General at the Grand Hotel. Such demonstrations, entirely novel to him, surprised and troubled him.

"One final illustration, which shows that at no point certain passions cease in the heart of man. This morning, as I communicated to Gen. Beauregard the dispatches which had arrived from Italy, said he, 'Ah! the Italians are very happy in having still something to fight for.'

"I saw by a sigh, and by a movement of the head, that he was very willing to add, 'If they only wanted me in their ranks!'

"It is pleasant to know, that by his mother, Gen. Beauregard has Tuscan blood in his veins.

through success. But Beauregard was beloved of every army he commanded from the day he assumed the baton, and we are confident that to the last day of its organization, the grand Army of Northern Virginia would have greeted his presence among them with shouts of joy and demonstrations of wild affection, which no other living man could elicit. Napoleon possessed this quality in a striking degree; Stonewall Jackson possessed it to a great extent. Amongst the Federal generals we think Gen. Sherman exhibited more evidence of it than any other, unless perhaps Gen. McClellan. But for Beauregard, whether he commanded on the banks of the Tennessee, in the dreary sand-hills of Corinth, in the much bombarded city of the sea, or in the well defended lines which looked on classic Potomac, his troops ever showed the greatest enthusiasm, the most ardent affection."

Among the Confederate Generals, the Richmond Examiner designated Gen. Beauregard by the Latin title of "Felix," not in the common school translation of happy or fortunate man, but in its true classical meaning, as denoting that rare and well-tempered combination of qualities that conciliates fortune, makes easy and graceful conquests of life, wins men, and obtains equal measures of human ambition in power and in love. In this sense the desig nation was characteristic, and a neat use of the Latin language.

The person of Gen. Beauregard is familiar to the public in photographs, which generally do justice to strongly marked features, and especially to an expression so settled as that which the face of the General wears. It is indeed the fixed and precise expression of the military man, with a figure small, but the beau-ideal of a perfect soldier. He is five feet seven and a half inches high, weighs about one hundred and fifty pounds; is well proportioned, compactly put up, and is erect and quick in his movements. Those who know him well declare that he is one of the strongest and most active men of his weight in the country. His eyes are dark brown, nearly black. His hair was of the same colour, but is now gray. His health was not generally good since the second year of the war. It was so bad towards the end of the siege of Charleston as almost to unfit him for duty; but his great energy and perseverance enabled him to remain in command until the surrender at Greensboro. In manners Gen. Beauregard is kind and generous to those around him; but he is uncompromising where a duty has

to be performed by himself or others. We have already observed that he ruled his armies more through the affection and enthusiasm his presence created, than by the severities of military discipline. But he always exacted implicit obedience from those whom he commanded, and he was the first to show the example of that obedience to those whom the country had placed in a position to command him. His staff was so attached to him that although to be a member of it was to relinquish all hopes of promotion (on account of the animosity of President Davis), yet all through the four years' war, not one officer voluntarily retired from it. He was well served by all immediately around him, for he was served from love. In his habits he was a model for the school of abstemiousness, rejecting all stimulants, drinking neither tea nor coffee, and an exception in the Southern army, to the extent that he used tobacco in no shape whatever.

GENERAL ALBERT SIDNEY JOHNSTON.

CHAPTER XXIII.

Remarkable career of Albert Sidney Johnston.-He eludes the Federal authorities m California. Declares for the Southern Confederacy, and แ annexes " Arizona.In command of the Western armies.-Picture of a hero.-Proclamation on the occupation of Kentucky.-Foolish exaltation of Southern hopes.-True situation of Gen. Johnston.-His noble silence in the face of clamour.-Letter on the fall of Fort Donelson.-A glance at the Western map of the war.-The Confed. erate line broken and the campaign transferred to the southern bank of the Tennessee river. Battle of Shiloh.-Gen. Johnston riding on to victory.-His deathwound-Lamentations in the South.-Tributes to his memory.-A classic in

scription.

In the annals of America, anteriour to the war, the name of Albert Sidney Johnston belonged both to history and romance, and shared equally the page of great national events and that of remarkable personal adventure. His life had been passed not only in camps, but in exploring the wilderness, in founding new homes, in pursuing the excitements of new countries, and running there the career from the humble individual to the high state official, commanding honours won by spirit and perseverance.

He was born in Mason County, Kentucky, in 1803, and obtained a literary education at Transylvania University in that State. He graduated at West Point in 1826, standing eight in his class; was commissioned as lieutenant of infantry, served in the Black Hawk war with distinction, resigned, and settled in Texas

in 1836.

At this time Texas was struggling for her independence, and the battle of San Jacinto had been fought. Johnston, who appears to have emigrated here with the ambitious resolution to make his mark in a new country, seized the first opportunity of action, and entered the Texan army as a private soldier, enlisting in the division of Gen. Rusk. His merit soon raised him from the ranks, and he was