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ment, are, 1st, that of commencing it with too broad a sound; thus, "dece," for ice (dece ;) 2d, that of commencing it with too flat a sound; thus "dece," for ice. remarks on tonic" " elements.

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A prevalent error in the local usage of New England, makes this o too short; thus, "hom," for home. mon error of the Middle States makes the sound too broad; thus "fârce" for fōrce.

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The prevailing errors on this element, are "âur," "ăur,” and "eur," for our, (o sounding as in done.) The first two of these errors are current in the pronunciation of the Southern and Middle States; the last, in that of New England.

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The two errors usually exhibited in enunciating this element, are 1st, beginning the diphthong with the sound of o, in own, instead of that of o, in on; 2d, closing with a sound resembling a, in ale, instead of i, in in.

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commencing with o in old, and ending with u in up, or a in an, thus "nõur," or nōăr,” for nor: 2d, a local error of the Middle States, which makes the sound too broad, and resembling the a in arm; thus “ nár," for nor: 3d, a long and drawling sound, which has a coarse and slovenly character; thus cawrd, for cord.

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A prevalent local error of Massachusetts, in the following class of sounds, exists in the words, loss, lost, soft, &c. which are pronounced nearly with o, as in old; thus 'loass," loast," soaft," &c. and sometimes with a double, instead of a single sound; thus "loast," &c., for lost. The local error of usage, in the state of Connecticut, verges to the opposite extreme, in such words, and gives, for o, a sound too nearly like that of a in an; thus “ &c., for loss.

lass,"

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The common error in the enunciation of this element, is that of making its "vanish" too conspicuous; thus “aeel” for ale. An opposite error is not uncommon, that of omitting the delicate "vanishing" sound entirely, which makes the style of enunciation coarse and negligent.

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The two errors to be avoided in enunciating this ele

*The r of these words is soft, but never silent, as in the style of faulty usage.

† Commonly mispronounced "gawd,” “goad,” “gõud,” or “gad.”

ment, are, 1st, that of commencing it with too broad a sound; thus," âece," for ice (dece;) 2d, that of commencing it with too flat a sound; thus "dece," for ice. See remarks on 66 tonic" elements.

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A com

A prevalent error in the local usage of New England, makes this o too short; thus, "hom," for home. mon error of the Middle States makes the sound too broad; thus "fârce" for fōrce.

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The prevailing errors on this element, are "âur," "ăur,” and " eur," for our, (o sounding as in done.) The first two of these errors are current in the pronunciation of the Southern and Middle States; the last, in that of New England.

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The two errors usually exhibited in enunciating this element, are 1st, beginning the diphthong with the sound of o, in own, instead of that of o, in on; 2d, closing with a sound resembling a, in ale, instead of i, in in.

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18. U, as in U-se, [long, as in the verb, short, as in the noun.]

The common errors in articulating this compound element, consist in, 1st, turning the whole sound into oo, as in ooze; 2d, making the diphthong commence with a, in ale, instead of e, in eve, shortened, or the sound of y, in yet.

Cue Human Student Constitution

Use Tune Feud cure dupe hew

lure fume few

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The common error in the enunciation of this element, is that of sounding it too slightly, and in a slack and lagging

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pre

The common fault of enunciation in this, as in the ceding element, is a want of that force which belongs to energetic and animated utterance.

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4. R, as in R-ap. [R initial, before a vowel, or after

a consonant.]

The error to be avoided in articulating this element, is

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that of prolonging it into a "roll," or that of substituting for it the soft sound of r final." A correct articulation, in this instance, always presents to the ear a firm, clear, and distinct, but very brief sound.

Raw Red Rid Ream

Robe

Rude Rub

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5. R, as in Fa-r: [r final, or before a consonant.] The error most frequent in the articulation of this element, is that of omitting it, through inadvertency. This fault is one of the conspicuous peculiarities of the style of pronunciation prevalent among the uncultivated classes of the city of London. But it is not less so, even among educated people, in the United States. The soft r, being one of the few liquid consonants which our language possesses, should never be omitted in enunciation. At the same time, it should never be converted into the opposite r, as in rap, as it often is, in the style of foreigners; neither should it ever be dwelt upon, or prolonged in sound. It is properly but a “vanish,” in its effect on the ear; as its vibrating and murmuring articulation prevents it from becoming forcible or distinct. The tongue should execute it with a deli cate motion adapted to its slight and evanescent character.

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Exercise on words containing both sounds of R.

[The difference in the sounds of the hard and the soft r,

should be exactly observed.]

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