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wrong, throughout the world. They are the two principles that have stood face to face from the beginning of time; and will ever continue to struggle. The one is the common right of humanity and the other the divine right of kings."

SPEECH AT CHICAGO, ILLS., JULY 10, 1858.

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My friend has said to me that I am a poor hand to quote Scripture. I will try it again, however. It is said in one of the admonitions of our Lord : As your Father in Heaven is perfect, be ye also perfect.' The Saviour, I suppose, did not expect any human creature could be perfect as the Father in Heaven; but he said: As your Father in Heaven is perfect, be ye also perfect.' He set that up as a standard, and he who did most toward reaching that standard, attained the highest de

gree of moral perfection. So I say in relation to the principle that all men are created equal, let it be as nearly reached as we can. If we cannot give freedom to every creature, let us do nothing that will impose slavery upon any other creature."

LETTER TO A FRIEND, 1859, AFTER THE ELECTION.

"The fight must go on. The cause of civil liberty must not be surrendered at the end of one, or even one hundred defeats."

LETTER TO HON. O. H. BROWNING, ILLS., SEP. 21, 1862, CONCERNING THE PROCLAMATION OF CONFISCATION ISSUED BY

GEN. J. C. FREMONT.

"It is itself the surrender of the government. Can it be pretended that it is any longer the government of the United States-any govern

ment of constitution and lawswherein a general or a President may make permanent rules of property by proclamation?"

SPEECH AT INDEPENDENCE HALL, PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 20, 1861.

"I have often inquired of myself what great principle or idea it was that kept this Confederacy so long together. It was not the mere matter of the separation of the colonies from the mother-land, but that sentiment in the Declaration of Independence which gave liberty, not alone to the people of this country, but, I hope, to the world, for all future time. It was that which gave promise that in due time the burden should be lifted from the shoulders of all men."

INAUGURAL ADDRESS, 1861.

"Plainly, the central idea of secession is the essence of anarchy.

A majority held in restraint by constitutional checks and limitations, and always changing easily with deliberate changes of popular opinions and sentiments, is the only true sovereign of a free people. Whoever rejects it does, of necessity, fly to anarchy or despotism. Unanimity is impossible; the rule of a minority, as a permanent arrangement, is wholly inadmissible; so that, rejecting the majority principle, anarchy or despotism in some form, is all that is left."

LETTER TO HON. REVERDY JOHNSON, THEN AT NEW ORLEANS, JULY 26, 1862.

"The people of Louisiana-all intelligent people, everywhereknow full well that I never had a wish to touch the foundations of their society, or any right of theirs."

LETTER TO CHARLES DRAKE, AND OTHERS, COMMITTEE, ST. LOUIS, MO., ост. 5, 1863.

"Actual war coming, blood grows hot and blood is spilled. Thought is forced from old channels into confusion. Deception breeds and thrives. Confidence dies and universal suspicion reigns. Each man feels an impulse to kill his neighbor, lest he be killed by him. Revenge and retaliation follow. And all this, as before said, may be among honest men only. But this is not all. Every foul bird comes abroad, and every dirty reptile rises up. These add crime to confusion. Strong measures, deemed indispensable but harsh at best, such men make worse by mal-administration. Murders

for all grudges and murders for pelf proceed under any cloak that will best serve for the occasion."

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