Horton, and we named it Bermuda: as also, the fiue and twentieth of March, the wife of one Edward Eason, being delivered the weeke before of a boy, had him then christened, to which Captaine Newport and myselfe, and Master James Swift, were godfathers, and we named it Bermudas. Likewise we buried five of our Company and my goddaughter."

Neither did they depart from these Islands without leaving some tokens of the Faith which had sustained and cheered them during their sojourn there. The same writer goes on to

say :

"Before we quitted our old quarter, and dislodged to the fresh water with our pinnasse, our Governor set vp in Sir George Summer's garden, a faire Mnemosynon, in figure of a Crosse, made of some of the timber of our ruined Shippe, which was scrued in with strong and great trunnels, to a mightie cedar, which grew in the middest of the said garden. In the middest of the Crosse, our Governour fastened the picture of his Maiestie in a piece of siluer of twelue-pence, and, on each side of the Crosse, he set an inscription, grauen in copper, in the Latine and English, to this purpose: 'In memory of our great deliuerance, both from a mighty storme and leake: we haue set vp this to the honour of God.'"*

With this monument of their Faith and gratitude, these adventurers left the shores of the Bermudas for Virginia, where they arrived on the 23d of May, to find the few survivors of a Colony of five hundred men, in the most piteous plight.

"The first place, which Gates visited upon landing, was the ruined and unfrequented Church. He caused the bell to be rung; and, such as were able to crawl out of the miserable dwellings, repaired thither, that they might join in the "zealous and sorrowful prayer" of their faithful minister, who pleaded, in that solemn hour, for his afflicted brethren and himself, before the Lord their God. At the conclusion of Divine Service, the Commission of Gates was read, and the seal of office given up to him by Percy, the Earl of Northumberland's brother, who, notwithstanding his great weakness of body, had still retained the office of President, delegated to him upon Smith's departure. They then proceeded to view the fort, and found its palisadoes torn down, the ports open, the gates forced off the hinges, and the houses of those who had died rent up and burnt for firewood; the people fearing to venture beyond the bounds of the blockhouse, lest they should be surprised by the Indians. Their only stock of provisions was that which had just been transported from the Bermudas, and which was not more than enough for those who had brought it. Driven, therefore, to such extremities, and finding that the food which remained, if limited only to the portion of two cakes a day to each person, could not hold out more than sixteen days, Gates resolved to abandon the settlement, and proceed to Newfoundland; where he expected to fall in with some English vessels, among which he might distribute the miserable remnant of the Virginia Colony. Accordingly, on the 7th of June, at noon, he embarked the whole

*Purchas, Vol. IV, 1746. Anderson, Vol. I, 210.
40

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of his party; none dropping a tear,' it is said, 'because none had enjoyed one day of happiness.' He was the last of all to go on board; after which the vessels dropped down the river, with the tide, that same evening."*

Sad and disastrous indeed had been the history of this unfortunate company, since the departure of Smith. The seven vessels which escaped the violence of the storm that wrecked Newport's ship, landed their men in Virginia, without a leader, and with few that had the wisdom to become guides to such a factious and disorderly body.

"They speedily grew into such confusion that in few months ambition, sloth and idleness had devoured the fruits of former labours, planting and sowing were cleane given over, the houses decaied, the Church fell to ruin, the store was spent, the cattell consumed, and our people starved."+

Gates found but sixty of these miserable emigrants alive when his company from the Bermudas were added to them, and it soon became manifest, that to remain long in the Colony with this increased number, would be but certain starvation for the whole. This conviction led to the hasty abandonment of the settlement, just recorded; and to prevent any such second bitter experience, it was at first proposed to burn down the fort and all the remaining houses of Jamestown, that no monument of their misery might be left. Wiser counsels, however, prevailed, and their heavy hearts were soon gladdened by the most unexpected relief. On the following morning, while they lay at anchor in the middle of the river, waiting for the return of the tide, they suddenly descried a strange boat rapidly making its way towards them. It proved to be nothing less than the long-boat from Lord De la War's ship, sent on in advance, with the joyful intelligence that he was at the mouth of the river, with a fleet of vessels well stored with provisions and all other necessaries for the suffering Colonists.

Gates immediately returned with his party to the forlorn abode which they had just quitted, to await the arrival of the Lord Governor of the Colony. Ruined and dismantled as every thing was, they now realized the superior wisdom and firmness of their commander, in not suffering the destruction of even such rude and imperfect defenses against the storms of heaven New Life of Virginia.

* Anderson, Vol. I, p. 211-13.

and the savages of the wilderness. On the next day, Sunday, June 10th, 1610, Lord De la War's squadron, consisting of three ships, arrived off the fort, and he and his retinue landed at the south gate of the palisado. His Secretary, William Strachey, has given the following interesting account of the manner in which he took possession of his government :

"Upon his Lordship's landing at the South gate of the Pallizado, (which lookes into the Riuer,) our Gouernour caused his Company in armes to stand in order, and make a guard. His Lordship, landing, fell vpon his knees, and before vs all, made a long and silent prayer to himself, and after, marched vp into the towne, where, at the gate, I bowed with the colours, and let them fall at his lordship's feete, who passed on into the Chappell, where he heard a Sermon by Master Bucke, our Gouernour's Preacher, and, after that, caused a gentleman, one of his own followers, to read his Commission, which instituted him Lord Gouerneur, and Captaine Generall during his life, of the Colony and plantation in Virginia."*

The Colonists were now to see more peaceful and prosperous days, under the wise and beneficent rule of Lord De la War. And if his life had only been spared a few years longer, he might have laid such a foundation, as would have prevented many of their future miscarriages and miseries. His manifestation of a humble and devout spirit, when he first stepped upon the soil, and his immediate attention to the spiritual interest of his people, assure us that he was actuated by undisguised faith. and humility. His Secretary, Strachey, in his description of Jamestown, thus speaks of the Church, and the provision made by Lord De la War for its restoration and care:

"In the midst is a market place, a store-house, and a corps du guard, as, likewise, a pretty Chappell, though, at this time, when wee came in, as ruined and unfrequented: but the Lord Governor and Captain Generall, hath given order for the repairing of it, and, at this instant, many hands are about it. It is, in length, threescore foote, in breadthe, twenty-foure, and shall have a Chancell in it of Cedar, and a Communion Table, of the Blake Walnut, and all the Pewes of Cedar, with faire broad windowes, to shut and open, as the weather shall occasion, of the same wood, a Pulpet of the same, with a Font, hewen hollow, like a Canoa, with two Bels at the West end. It is so cast, as to be very light within, and the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall doth cause it to be kept passing sweete, and trimmed vp with divers flowers, with a Sexton belonging to it, and in it, euery Sunday, wee have Sermons twice a day, and every Thursday a Sermon, hauing true preachers, which take their weekly turnes; and every morning, at the ringing af the bell, about ten of the clocke, each man addresseth himselfe to prayers, and so at foure

*Purchas, Vol. IV, 1754.

of the clocke, before Supper. Every Sunday, when the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall goeth to Church, hee is accompanied with all the Counsailers, Captaines, other officers, and all the Gentlemen, with a guard of Holberdiers, in his Lordship's Liuery, faire red cloakes, to the number of fifty, both on each side, and behinde him: And being in the Church, his Lordship hath his seate in the Quier in a greene uelvet chaire, with a cloath, with a uelvet cushion spread on a table before him, on which he kneeleth, and on each side sit the Counsell, Captaines, and Officers, each in their place, and when he returneth home againe, he is waited on to his house in the same manner. "1

No American Churchman can fail to feel a deep interest in that first house of Prayer, that consecrated our soil to the worship of the true God, and from whence came

"The [first] sound of the Church-going bell,

These valleys and rocks ever heard."

The regard and attention thus paid to the worship and to the House of God, by this noble lord, in the wilds of America, and in sight only of the rude and simple savage, is evidence of a devout spirit, not to be questioned. And could that little Church, that two hundred and fifty years ago, with its two bells, waked the echoes of the forests of Virginia, be re-produced in our sight, with its Chancel, its Communion Table, its Font and Pulpit,-"all kept passing sweete, and trimmed up with divers flowers,"-our very children could tell us the Faith, the Discipline, and the Worship that was there taught and celebrated. Happy had it been for the history and fortunes of both Church and State, in the "Old Dominion,” had such a faithful and devout spirit, as that of Lord De la War, guided and controlled her destinies in the many trials she has passed through.

* Purchas, Vol. IV, 1752, 53.

ART. V.-MOTLEY'S HISTORY OF THE DUTCH REPUBLIC. (CONCLUDED.)

The Rise of the Dutch Republic. A History. BY JOHN LOTHROP MOTLEY, D. C. L. 3 Vols. 8vo. New York: 1859.

BUT, although Granvella was gone, and quiet seemed restored, it proved but a momentary calm. The Council of Trent closed its sessions, and its decrees produced an universal outcry. They were not even acceptable to all the Roman Catholics. France, and several of the German States, rejected them. In the Council of State at Brussels, they met a most deter mine opposition. The Prince of Orange declared, that "the nation neither would nor could acknowledge them, since they were, for the most part, opposed to the fundamental principles of their Constitution; and for similar reasons they had been rejected by several Roman Catholic princes." The King enforced the Tridentine Decrees in all his other dominions; he had ordered the Regent to enforce them in the Netherlands. The Council was greatly perplexed. It was resolved to send an envoy to Madrid to confer with the King on the subject. For this mission Egmont was selected. His instructions were drawn up by Viglius, the President of the Council; but they were too vague to meet the wishes of Orange and his followers. "The President's statement of our grievances," said Orange, very far short of the truth. How can the King apply the suitable remedies, if we conceal from him the full extent of the evil? Let us not represent the number of the heretics inferior to what it really is. Let us candidly acknowledge, that they swarm in every province and in every hamlet, however small. Nor let us disguise from him the truth, that they despise the penal statutes, and entertain but little reverence for the government. What good can come of this concealment ?" Egmont, on his arrival, was received by Philip with a cordiality that charmed him. Nothing of delicate attention and open flattery was wanting. Egmont was spell-bound by the condescending affability of royalty. He returned to give his coun40*

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comes