1. Civil Engineering. 2. Mining Engineering. 3. Mechanical and Electrical Engineering. 5. Analytical and Applied Chemistry. For Calendar apply to A. T. LAING, Registrar When writing advertisers kindly mention the MONTHLY will not only attain the maximum of healthfulness and comfort, but will combine in the highest degree the important questions of Efficiency and Economy known in any heating system. Easily and simply operated, and perfectly free from danger of leakage, breakage and liability to get out of order. -Illustrated Catalogue mailed free on application. The Dominion Radiator Co., Limited HEAD OFFICE AND WORKS, DUFFERIN STREET, Branches: Montreal, Quebec, St. John, N.B., Winnipeg, Vancouver. THE THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MONTHLY is published during the college year in nine monthly issues. The subscription price is ONE DOLLAR a year, (single copies FIFTEEN CENTS). All subscriptions are credited November-July, unless otherwise ordered. All remittances and corresponde ice of a business nature should be addressed to J. C. McLennan, Ph.D., Secretary-Treasurer of the University of Toronto Alumni Association, Dean's House, University of Toronto, while communications intended for the MONTHLY should be sent to the Editor, J. Squair, B.A., at the same address. THE TECHNICAL E HIGH SCHOOL, TORONTO. AN EXPERIMENT IN SECONDARY EDUCATION. XPANSION in the building and metal trades of Toronto between the years 1880 and 1890 gave rise to the first demands for secondary education of an industrial type. These demands resulted, in 1891, in the City Council's request that the Library Board institute technical classes. The Library Board considered the request, and reported adversely. The cost would be too great. It might exceed thirty thousand dollars! Disappointed here, the Council made another move. By a by-law of December of the same year it created the Technical School Board, consisting in the main of aldermen, and of nominees of the Trades and Labour Council, and of the Association of Stationary Engineers; it granted this Board the sum of six thousand dollars for the maintenance of evening classes in old St. Lawrence Hall. Taking its duties seriously, the new Board would have nothing to do with St. Lawrence Hall. It rented old Wycliffe Hall (which then stood on the site of the present School of Mining and Chemistry), and opened its first classes at the end of January, 1892. a In all outward seeming these classes prospered greatly between the years 1892 and 1900. Starting with instruction in Mathematics, Elementary Physics and Chemistry, and Drafting, the curriculum was widened to include Mechanics, Electricity, the Theory of the Steam-Engine, Design, Clay Modelling, Building Construction, Domestic Science, etc. The number of students enrolled increased from three hundred, nearly all men, to over nine hundred, amongst whom were many women. The average age of students decreased from twenty-three years to twenty-one years. The personnel of the Board widened to include representatives of the Board of Trade; the Manufacturers' Association; the Architects' Association; the Councils of the Building, Metal, and Printing Trades, etc. The School's expenditure grew from six thousand dollars to fourteen thousand dollars; the staff increased from five teachers to fifteen; and the School itself pushed upwards from the basement of old Wycliffe, through the ground floor to the first floor. Nor did the rental exacted by the University remain stationary; its growth eclipsed all other growths. But in reality all was not prosperity. The expansion of the curriculum was far in advance of the expansion in equipment and accommodation. Though the number of students enrolled was very great, the attendance was small and irregular. Hundreds of students of varied attainments poured into the School in October; but in most cases the deficiencies in their elementary education were too great, and only a few dozen remained until May. Though the staff increased greatly in numbers, it remained untrained and underpaid, and the personnel was constantly changing. The School Board itself, constituted directly by the City Council, was singularly cramped in revenue and in authority. It was always without sufficient funds, and it had no power of initiative. Representing, moreover, very diverse elements of the body politic, it lacked unity of purpose and definiteness of plan. Inadvertently, in 1900, the University played the part of fairy godmother to the new School. It attached such conditions to the renewal of the lease of Wycliffe Hall as seemed to make it imperative for the School to seek other quarters. Many buildings were considered-St. Lawrence Hall, the Market, the unused towers of the City Hall-and all were rejected. Very opportunely, then, the home of the Toronto Athletic Club on College Street came into the market, through the fore |