fold afflictions, maintained even unto death the cause of Liberty. Inquire if they repent? Ask them if the boon which they have given us was worthy of the sufferings with which they bought it? Ask the speakers who proclaimed freedom, the thinkers who made law for it. the reformers who purified it, if that for which they toiled was worth the labor which they spent? "It was!" all will exclaim with triumphant note. "It was!" will come with glad consent, with one glad "Amen," from this glorious company of Apostles, this goodly fellowship of prophets, this noble band of martyrs.

HENRY GILES.

3. NO PEACE WITHOUT LIBERTY.

Is the present condition of Europe, peace? Or is the murmur of discontent from all the nations peace? I believe the Lord has not created the world to be in such a peaceful condition. No! The present condition of the world is not peace! It is a condition of oppression on the European continent. And because there is this condition of oppression, there cannot be peace; for, so long as men and nations are discontented, there cannot be peace; there cannot be tranquillity.

War, like a volcano, everlastingly boiling, will at the slightest opportunity break out again, and sweep away all the artificial props of peace, and of those interests on which peace depend. Europe is continually a great battle-field, a great barrack. Such is its condition; and, therefore, let not those who call themselves men of peace say they will not help Europe, because they love peace!

Let them confess truly, that they are not men of peace, but only the upholders of the oppression of nations. With me and my principles is peace, because I will

always uphold the principles of liberty; and only on the principles of liberty can nations be contented; and only with the contentment of nations can there be peace on the earth. With me and with my principles there is peace, -lasting peace, consistent peace! With the tyrants of the world there is oppression, struggle, and war.

LOUIS KOSSUTH.1

1 LOUIS KOSSUTH, the Hungarian patriot during the revolution of 18481849, visited the United States in 1851, and by eloquent appeals sought to arouse American interest in behalf of the oppressed peoples of Europe, claiming that the great standing armies were a perpetual foe to the peace of the world. During October, 1893, he reaffirmed his conviction that the most fearful war of human history was hanging over the suffering peoples of the Old World, in which all nations of the earth might be involved. His death in exile, near Turin, Italy, on the 25th of March, 1894, awakened a fresh appreciation of his sublime devotion to his native land. His remains were attended to their burial at Buda Pest, on the 1st day of April, by immense multitudes, and a wave of tender emotion seemed to sweep over the entire population of Hungary. The vision of Kossuth, elsewhere noticed, has been more than avenged, in the spontaneous, irresistible wail of sorrow over his departure.

4. THE PEOPLE TRIUMPHANT.

IN the efforts of the people, of the people struggling for their rights, moving not in organized, disciplined masses, but in their spontaneous action, man for man, and heart for heart, there is something glorious. They can then move forward without orders, act together without combination, and brave the flaming lines of battle without intrenchments to cover, or walls to shield them. No dissolute camp has worn off from the feelings of the youthful soldier the freshness of that home, where his mother and sisters sit waiting, with tearful eyes and aching hearts, to hear good news from the wars. No long service in the ranks of the conqueror has turned the

veteran's heart into marble. Their valor springs not from recklessness, from habit, from indifference to the preservation of a life knit by no pledges to the lives of others; but in the spirit and the strength of the cause alone, they act, contend, and bleed. In this, they conquer !

The people always conquer? They always must conquer! Armies may be defeated; kings may be overthrown; and new dynasties be imposed by foreign arms, on an ignorant and slavish race, that care not in what language the covenant of their subjugation runs, nor in whose name the deed of their barter and sale is made out. But the people never invade; and when they rise against the invader, are never subdued. If they are driven from the plains, they fly to the mountains. Steep rocks and everlasting hills are their castles; the tangled, pathless thicket their palisade; and nature, God, is their ally. Now He overwhelms the hosts of their enemies beneath His drifting mountains of sand; now He buries them under a falling atmosphere of polar snows. He lets loose His tempests on their fleets. He puts a folly into their counsels, a madness into the hearts of their leaders; and He never gave, and never will give, a final triumph over a virtuous and gallant people, resolved to be free.

EDWARD EVERETT

5. AMERICAN NATIONALITY.

By the side of all antagonisms, higher than they, stronger than they, there rises colossal the fine sweet spirit of nationality, the nationality of America! See there the pillar of fire which God has kindled and lifted and moved for our hosts and our ages. Gaze on that, worship that, worship the highest in that.

Think of it as it fills your mind and quickens your heart, and as it fills the mind and quickens the hearts of millions around you. Instantly, under such an influence, you ascend above the smoke and stir of this small local strife; you tread upon the high places of the earth and of history; you think and feel as an American for America. Her power, her eminence, her consideration, her honor, are yours; your competitors, like hers, are kings; your home, like hers, is the world; your path, like hers, is on the highway of empires. Our charge, her charge, is of generations and ages; your record, her record, is of treaties, battles, voyages, beneath all the constellations. Her image, immortal, golden, rises on your eye, as our western star at evening rises on the traveller from his home. No lowering cloud, no angry river, no inundated city or plantation, no tracts of arid sand are on that surface, but all blended and softened into one beam of kindred rays, the image, harbinger, and promise of love, hope, and a brighter day!

But if you would contemplate nationality, not merely as a state of consciousness, but as an active virtue, look around you. Is not our history one witness and record of what it can do? The glory of the fields of that war, the eloquence of that revolution, this one wide sheet of flame which wrapt tyrant and tyranny, and swept all that escaped from it away forever; the courage to fight, to advance, to guard the young flag by the young arm and the young heart's blood, to hold up and to hold on till the magnificent consummation crowned the work, not all these imparted or inspired by this imperial sentiment? Has it not here begun the master-work of man, the creation of a national life? Aye, did it not, indeed, call out that prodigious development of wisdom, — the wisdom of constructiveness which illustrated the years after the war, and the framing and adoption of the American Constitution?

were

RUFUS CHOATE.

6. OUR NATIONALITY.

OUR nationality has its charter and seal, not in a written constitution so much as in the trend of a coast, the trough of a glorious valley, grooved by the finger of Providence, the most princely domain of the globe, the course and sweep of a history more manifestly Providential than any since the deliverance from Egypt and the settlement of Palestine.

If we feel what traditions mean, if we are open to the inspiration of great characters, noble as any in the secular annals of our planet, if we are not dead to the call of a long-compacted and holy trust, we shall confess that we have one great duty, one supreme privilege, rather, to devote all that we have, and are, and hope to be, to the maintenance of the nation which God has delivered in its fresh magnificence to the keeping of our patriotism and valor. Make the preservation of nationality the goal of all action, the touchstone of all politics. Stand for everything that serves that. Resist everything, reject everything, pour impassioned scorn upon everything that opposes that. If a man talks State Sovereignty, say that the only real sovereignty a State can have is in consenting to fit, like a rib, into the national backbone. It loses its sovereignty when it sets up to be what God never made it to be, a whole body. If a man talks of the Tennessee River, or the Cumberland, show him the Ohio into which they flow. If he talks of the Ohio, point him to Cairo, where it pours into a mightier tide. If he talks of the Yellowstone, or the Platte, or the Kansas, or the Arkansas, tell him that the nation holds, to-day, the springs of all these, and that they hurry, with their American contributions, to the stream over whose mouth the American banner floats secure. If he talks of the