propriety, in managing a case before a jury. He brushed aside all rules, and very often resorted to some strange and strategic performance which invariably broke his opponent down, or exercised some peculiar influence over the jury. Hence the other side in a case were in constant fear of one of his dramatic strokes, or trembled lest he should 'ring in' some ingeniously-planned interruption not on the program. In a case where Judge Logan, always earnest and grave, opposed him, Lincoln created no little merriment by his reference to Logan's style of dress. He carried the surprise in store for the latter till he reached his turn before the jury. Addressing them,he said: 'Gentlemen, you must be careful and not permit yourselves to be overcome by the eloquence of counsel for the defense. Judge Logan I know is an effective lawyer. I have met him too often to doubt that; but shrewd and careful though he be, still he is sometimes wrong. Since this trial has begun, I have discovered that, with all his caution and fastidiousness, he hasn't knowledge enough to put his shirt on right.' Logan turned red as crimson, but sure enough, Lincoln was correct, for the former had donned a shirt and by mistake had drawn it over his head with the pleated bosom behind. The general laugh which followed destroyed the effect of Logan's eloquence over the jury-the very point at which Lincoln aimed."-Herndon, p. 356.

Abraham Lincoln as an Advocate.

"In the summer of 1881 I spent some time at Saratoga Springs, and had many conversations with the Honorable David Davis, then one of the Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States. He related to me some of his early experiences as a judge, and one of them made a very deep impression. I asked him the secret of Lincoln's success as a lawyer. He said that when he was a young man he was Judge of a Circuit Court in Illinois, and one time, while holding that court, two men came up for trial on the charge of murder. They had rich relatives, and one of them employed Abraham Lincoln to defend him, and the other employed Leonard Swett, afterward an eminent criminal lawyer, who lived in Chicago and died a few years ago.

"Judge Davis said that one evening, as it was the custom, Lincoln and Swett came to his room in the hotel, and during the conversation Lincoln spoke about as follows: 'Swett, Davis and I are old friends, and what we say here will never be repeated to our injury. Now, we have been engaged in this trial for two days, and I am satisfied that our clients are guilty, and that the witnesses for the State have told the truth. It is my opinion that the best thing we can do for our clients is to have them come in to-morrow morning, and plead guilty to manslaughter, and let Davis give them the lowest punishment.' Mr. Swett said he would do nothing of the kind. He said, 'Mr. Lincoln, you don't know what evidence I have got in

reserve to combat the witnesses for the State.' Mr. Lincoln replied, 'I don't care what evidence you have got, Swett; the witnesses for the State have told the truth, and the jury will believe them.' Mr. Swett said, 'Mr. Lincoln, I shall never agree to your proposition, and propose to carry on our defense to the end.' Mr. Lincoln replied, 'All right.'

"They went on with the trial. The defendants put their witnesses on the stand, and the time came for the arguments. Then Mr. Lincoln said to Mr. Swett, 'Now, Swett, I cannot argue this case, because our witnesses have been lying, and I don't believe them. You go on and make an argument.' Swett made the argument, the case went to the jury, and the men were acquitted.

"The next day Mr. Lincoln went to Mr. Swett and said: 'Swett, here is the $500 which I have received for defending one of these men. It all belongs to you; take it.' Of course, Mr. Swett did not take the money; but it showed, as Judge Davis said, that Mr. Lincoln felt that he had done nothing to earn the money. Judge Davis told this story as illustrating the honesty and integrity of Abraham Lincoln as a lawyer."-Ratcliffe Hicks, of N. Y., Feb. 1894, Century.

Our Best Model for the Young Lawyer.

"There is no American life which is so full of encouragement to the young lawyer as that of our great Lincoln. He came through adversity, pure, refined,

illustrious, the peer of Washington, our great American, the best model for the young lawyer, one whose life has made our country the most powerful on the globe."-L. E. Chittenden, June, 1894, Green Bag, p. 269.

Read Little Thought Much.

"Mr. Lincoln read less and thought more than any man in his sphere in America. When young he read the Bible, and when of age he read Shakespeare. This latter book was scarcely ever out of his mind.”— Herndon's Life of Lincoln.

Not a Reader of Novels.

"He stated in 1864 that he never read an entire novel in his life; that he once commenced 'Ivanhoe' but never finished it."-Carpenter's Inner Life of Lincoln, p. 115.

"Close Construction"-"Rigid Government."

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'Rigid government' and 'close construction,' Lincoln said was hanging a man for blowing his nose in the street, and quashing the indictment for failing to specify which hand he blew it with.”—Idem, p. 254.

Judge Intoxicated Coachman.

"The judge who told his intoxicated coachman 'he was drunk,' was told by the coachman 'that was the first right decision he had given for the last twelve months.'"-Idem, p. 251,

Instructed the Professor of Rhetoric.

"After Lincoln's debate with Douglas, and before his nomination to the Presidency, in 1860, he made a political speech in New Haven. The professor of rhetoric in Yale College, not only listened closely to him there, but followed him up to Meriden the next evening, and heard him again for the same purpose. He gave a lecture to his class upon his powers as an orator."-Carpenter's Inner Life of Lincoln, p. 310.

First Tariff Speech.

"Lincoln's first speech on the tariff question was short and to the point. He said he did not pretend to know much about political economy, but thought he knew enough to know that 'When an American paid twenty dollars for steel to an English manufacturer, America had the steel and England had the twenty dollars. But when he paid twenty dollars for steel to an American manufacturer, America had both the steel and the dollars.'"-From Chicago Inter-Ocean.

Experience With Stanton.

For his experiences with Stanton see article on "Stanton."