term of Oliver P. Morton. He has served continuously in that body since that time, and from the first was assigned to the committee on finance, as his leading committee, of which he has been a member to the present time. He has taken part in the leading discussions of momentous questions arising upon finance for the last seventeen years, and upon the great questions arising in both branches of Congress for a third of a century.

Mr. Voorhees has been engaged in some of the most noted criminal trials in the history of the criminal law of the country during his career, notably the defense of John E. Cook, in Charleston, Virginia, whither he was sent by Governor Ashbel P. Willard, of Indiana, in 1859. This remarkable speech to court and jury was published all over this country and translated into several languages. His reputation from that time has been national as a lawyer and orator. He is a strong partisan by nature, but a man of generous and kindly impulses.

Thomas Jefferson.

"Sir, this is the birthday of Thomas Jefferson. One hundred and fifty years ago to-day he came into

the world, the greatest emancipator of thought, philosopher of liberty, and teacher of the natural rights of man, ever known in human history. The blows he struck for freedom, justice and equality in government are yet resounding throughout the earth, and they will never cease to be heard until the last shackle of privilege and tyranny is broken. Ten days before his soul took flight from his mountain home he wrote his parting words to his countrymen and to all the races of mankind. With his great dying message before us, and in its spirit we take new courage and go on with our work. 'All eyes are open, or opening,' he said, 'to the rights of man. The general spread of the light has already laid open to every view the palpable truth, that the mass of mankind has not been born with saddles on their backs, not a favored few, booted and spurred, ready to ride them legitimately by the grace of God.' Hail mighty message, and hail its speedy and certain fulfillment. All hail the counsel of Thomas Jefferson in this hour of caste based on wealth, or privilege granted by law, and of monopoly fastened on the slavery of labor."-Remarks made during Tariff Debate in Senate, April 2, 1894.

A Great Advocate.

"Daniel W. Voorhees is a born orator. He could speak eloquently before he could speak correctly. In the Senate he does not speak often, but always to the point, and rarely to seats which are not filled. Upon the stump he has few equals, and no superiors. Of a

commanding figure, copious in language without being verbose, with a clear ringing voice that can be heard distinctly by the largest assembly, even in the open air, and a perfectly natural and easy delivery, he is a popular orator of the highest grade. As a lawyer he may not be ranked among the highest, but as an advocate, especially in important criminal cases, where his sympathy has full play, and successful defense depends more upon skilful management and the humane feelings of the jurors than upon the weight of evidence, it would be difficult to find his peer. He is one of Indiana's favorite and most highly and justly honored sons."-McCulloch's Men and Measures of Half a Century, p. 74.

2

MORRISON REMICK WAITE, OHIO.

(1816-1888.)

Fourteen years Chief Justice of the United States. Born at Lyme, Connecticut, November 29, 1816, died in Washington, March 23, 1888, aged seventy-one. He graduated at Yale with William M. Evarts, Benjamin Silliman, Samuel J. Tilden and Edwards Pierrepont, as classmates. Read law with his father, Chief Justice Henry M. Waite, of Connecticut; traveled extensively, and while Mr. Evarts located in New York city, Mr. Waite struck out for the West, locating in Ohio, where he completed his legal studies; was admitted in 1839, and settled in Toledo, in 1850. He became in a certain sense a leader of the Ohio bar, a position he maintained for thirty years. He refused a candidacy for Congress and twice a Justiceship on the Supreme Bench of Ohio. In 1872 he represented, with Wiliam M. Evarts and Caleb Cushing, the United States in the Geneva Arbitration, at the selection of President Grant. His reply to Sir Roundell Palmer before that international tribunal, established England's liability for permitting Confederate

cruisers to coal in British ports during the war, and won him great reputation for its clear, logical and convincing presentation of the facts. He was made a delegate to the Ohio constitutional convention by both political parties. President Grant called him to the Chief Justiceship of the Nation, January 19, 1874.

He drew his conclusions before the reasons on which they rested were consciously recognized. While Chief Justice, industrial development made the chief demand upon the attention of the court. He was a great dispatcher of business and an untiring worker his last case (an elaborate opinion in the Bell telephone cases, being read by another but four days before his death) fills one entire volume of the United States reports. Out of his 633 decisions (19 Wall. 126 U. S.), more in number than decided by any other judge on the Supreme Bench, but exceeded in amount of work by Mr. Justice Miller, are included but twenty-two dissents. He was dignified, firm and kind; clear, terse, and wanting in ornament and illustration.