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way, and no trouble.' As Marshall walked away, the other inquired of a bystander, 'Who is that polite old man that brought home my turkey for me?" "That," was the reply, 'is Judge Marshall, Chief Justice of the United States.'"-Magruder's Life of Marshall, p. 273.

Pen Picture of Marshall.

"John Marshall had rare gifts. His character was the result of a peculiar interblending of many opposites-its power lay in the combination. He was simple and unpretentious, and as modest, sensitive and adverse to every form of notoriety as he was courageous; he had an ardent, social nature, a seductive personal magnetism; he was a delightful companion, fluent and facile in conversation, and, aside from Andrew Johnson, the most eloquent listener in the Union; he was full of sly, waggish humor, genial and convivial; his temper was serene and imperturbable; his patience almost inexhaustible; and his judgment clear, cool, wary and calculating. In youth and early manhood he delighted in foot-races and the rough sports of the country, and was as full of poetic longings, aspirations, day-dreams and romances as a school-girl. Naturally indolent, and seldom studious, from boyhood to the 'yellow-leaf' of old age his soul reveled in quoit-playing by day and novel-reading by night. Like Webster he loved a plain house and a sumptuous board-loved solid power and the luxury of ease; and, like Everett, loved the old home,

old scenes, old friends, and old wine.

He never sought office; cared little for place, nothing for titles. He was a born diplomatist, and showed himself an overmatch for Talleyrand, with all the latter's training. He was a natural politician, and, in general, knew thoroughly the public men of Virginia and Maryland, with whom he was brought in personal contact, and but little of those in the rest of the Union. His powers of analysis, like those of Fox, were singularly acute; no man could be clearer, if he chose, in statement or in reasoning; but, when hard pressed, his subtlety in both, equaled only by that of Aaron Burr, in practice, enabled him to ascend, by abstract reasoning, into the clouds, beyond the reach of ordinary minds. He cared little for authority, but relied mainly on his own reflections. With Story the test was, 'the policy of the law is;' with Marshall, 'I have not looked much into the cases, but I think the law ought to be; or, as Story says, 'While I am compelled to creep from point to headland, Marshall puts out to sea.' Without imagination, his mind was essentially mathematical and legislative. He loved not Coke, the stern old framer of the Petition of Right, but the courtly Blackstone. He lacked the attainments of Jay; the great legal learning and the superb organizing genius of Rutledge; and great opportunities were afforded him during his long judicial life which Ellsworth never had; but the kingly dignity, the exalted conscience, the immutability of will, and the slow but ponderous intellect of

the latter were wanting."-Shirley's Dartmouth College Cases.

His Careless Appearance Lost Him a Case.

A gentleman who wished to retain a lawyer met Marshall one morning strolling through the streets of Richmond, attired in a plain linen round-about and shorts, eating cherries from his hat, which he carried under his arm. Marshall had been recommended to him as the best lawyer for him to employ, but the careless, languid air of young Marshall so prejudiced the gentleman that he did not engage him. But he employed a venerable-looking gentleman in a powdered wig and black coat, very dignified in appearance. The client, seeing what a master Marshall was, in a case which came on before his own, in which both attorneys were engaged, introduced himself to young Marshall, frankly stating his prejudice; that he had come into the city with one hundred dollars, and had given the other attorney all the money he had, except five dollars, which, if Marshall chose, he would cheerfully give him to assist in the case. Marshall, pleased at the incident, accepted.-Macgruder's Life of Marshall, p. 34.

Wirt on Marshall's Concentration of Mind.

"Here is John Marshall, whose mind seems to be little less than a mountain of barren and stupendous rocks-an inexhaustible quarry from which he draws his materials and builds his fabrics, rude and Gothic,

but of such strength that neither time nor force can beat them down; a fellow who would not turn off a single step from the right line of his argument though a paradise should rise to tempt him."

Received the Chief Justiceship for Party Service.

"He was appointed Chief Justice because of his defense, when a Representative in Congress, of Mr. Adams' administration, in the case of Jonathan Robbins, who claimed to be an American citizen, but was delivered up to the British government as a deserter, and was hanged at the yard-arm of a British manof-war. The act was seized upon by the opposite party, and denounced by resolutions offered in the House of Representatives, but the transcendent speech of Marshall on the floor of the House shut their mouths."-Tyler's Taney's Memoirs, p. 251.

Marshall's Generosity.

Meeting an old brother officer of the Revolution at the hotel in Culpeper, much distressed by a $3000 mortgage on his estate about to fall due, Marshall left a check for the amount with the landlord, directing him to hand it to his friend after his departure. Impelled by chivalrous independence, his friend mounted and spurred his horse until he overtook the judge, and then, with thanks, sought to decline the assistance. But Marshall strenuously persisted, and finally compromised by taking security for the loan; but never called for the money.-Howe's Virginia Historical Collection, p. 266.

LUTHER MARTIN, MARYLAND.

(1748-1826.)

The famous Attorney General of Maryland, and the acknowledged head of the American bar from the Revolution to 1810. Born at New Brunswick, New Jersey, February 9, 1748; died at Aaron Burr's home in New York, July 10, 1826, aged seventy-eight. He was the son of a small farmer, entered Princeton at thirteen, showing great talents and industry, and graduated at eighteen with first honors. He taught several years, read law with Solomon Wright, and was admitted at Williamsburg, Virginia, in 1771, where he is said to have defended thirty-eight persons and cleared twenty-nine. Removed to Somerset, Maryland. Was twenty-seven years Attorney General of Maryland (1778-1805), and when he resigned had the largest practice in the State. A member of the Constitutional Convention of 1787, he is the author of the Bill of Rights, forming Article VI. of the Constitution, a clear and positive declaration of the supremacy of the National Government, but he opposed that instrument, generally, and left the con

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