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JOHN MARSHALL HARLAN, KENTUCKY.

(1833

Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, by appointment of President Hayes, November 29, 1877, to succeed Mr. Justice Davis. He was born in Boyle county, Kentucky, June 1, 1833. His father, James Harlan, was a distinguished lawyer, member of Congress, and Attorney General of Kentucky. Mr. Harlan is also the father-in-law of Robert Lincoln. He graduated from Centre College, Kentucky, at seventeen, prepared for the bar, under two of the State's greatest Chief Justices, Robertson and Marshall, at Transylvania University; was admitted in 1853, and located in Louisville. At twenty-five he was elected judge of Franklin county. Became Colonel and Brigadier General on the Union side during the war. Was State Attorney General, 1863-7; was twice defeated as Republican nominee for Governor; refused a foreign mission under President Hayes; and was made Supreme Judge at forty-four -but seven judges ascending that bench at an earlier age.

He is now professor of constitutional law and public and private international law at the Columbian University, Washington, D. C. He was recently arbitrator with Senator Morgan on behalf of the United States, in the Behring Sea case at Paris, in which connection, the London Spectator said: "Mr. Justice Harlan has shown that he would no more lean, toward America, than he would toward the side of his own State in a case argued before him in the Supreme Court at Washington." Before coming to the bench he had acquired wide celebrity as an orator, and was known as one of the ablest lawyers in Kentucky. Of strong, vigorous constitution, he has grown yearly in judicial reputation. Is careful in preparation, clear in style, select in the use of words, and prompt in decision. He has delivered 465 decisions (95-154 U. S.), including 79 dissents, the most notable being the Civil Rights cases (109 U. S., 3), in which he held "the deprivation of the rights involved was an incident of slavery." In every opinion involving private rights he has exhibited a desire to wipe away technicalities preventing equity and justice.

BENJAMIN HARRISON, INDIANA.

(1833

Twenty-third President of the United States.

Born at North Bend, Ohio, August 20, 1833. Son of a farmer and grandson of William Henry Harrison. Graduated at nineteen, fourth in his class, from Miami University, having as classmates, Milton Sayler and David Swing. Entered the law office of Stover and Gwynne, Cincinnati. Was admitted and married before twenty-one. Lived in a three-roomed house and struggled with poverty, but within a year had acquired sufficient standing to be employed by the Governor in a legislative investigation. In 1860 he was elected Reporter of the Supreme Court, and edited volumes 15, 16 and 17 of the Indiana reports. Before the end of his term, he entered the Union army where he became Brigadier General. While in the field, he was re-elected to the reportership, and upon his return edited volumes 23-29 inclusive. Formed the law partnership of Porter, Harrison and Fishback. In 1876 he was defeated by a small majority for Governor of Indiana. In 1880, declined a Cabinet

position under President Garfield, and was elected to the United States Senate; between which time and 1889, he achieved his greatest legal victories, notable among which are the Milligan case in the Federal Court, and the case of Robertson v. State ex rel. Smith, 109 Ind. 79, both involving grave Constitutional questions. In 1888, he was elected to the Presidency by the Republicans, but was defeated in 1892, under the leadership of Grover Cleveland.

Mr. Harrison is noted in the profession as a speaker of great power, going directly to the point in issue and keeping the question involved constantly before the court. The one hundred and forty-nine speeches delivered in 1891, while on a tour through the South and Southwest are unprecedented for fertility, felicity and adaptability. He has recently delivered a course of lectures on Constitutional law at Leland Stanford, Jr., University, California. He is five feet seven in stature, of modest manner, even diffident, and is of pleasing voice and look.

What to do With Our Ex-Presidents.

When ex-President Harrison prepared to deliver his second lecture at Stanford University, he an

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