barrels of powder which had been taken out of the magazine and retained for use, were now in danger of explosion. All but four were accordingly thrown through the embrasures into the water, and those which were left were wrapped in many thicknesses of wetted woollen blankets. The garrison was now reduced to its last three cartridges, and those were already in the guns.

The flagstaff, which seemed to have been the constant aim of the enemy, had been struck already eight times, when it received a ninth shot, which broke it at about fifty feet from the truck and brought down the flag. "The flag is down-it has been shot away!" was the cry, when Lieutenant Hall rushed out and brought it in safely. It was found impossible, from the entanglement of the halyards, to hoist it again, and it was accordingly nailed to the broken staff and planted upon the ramparts in the midst of a shower of shot and shell from the enemy's busy batteries. Soon after the flag had fallen, and toward the close of day, a man presented himself at one of the embrasures of the fort in a boat, with a white handkerchief tied to a sword, asking to see Major Anderson. In his impatience, however, to get under cover, he climbed up, and was crawling through the embrasure when he was told that Major Anderson was at the main gate. He, however, did not heed what was said, but continued to make his way into the fort, where, on landing, he said, hurriedly:

"I wish to see Major Anderson; I am General Wigfall, and come from

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General Beauregard;" while he added, with great agitation, "let us stop this firing. You are on fire, and your flag is down. Let us quit.' Lieutenant Davis replied:

"No, sir-our flag is not down. Step out here and you will see it waving over the ramparts."

"Let us quit this," exclaimed the agitated Wigfall. "Here's a white flag [handing his handkerchief]-will anybody wave it out of the embrasure?"

That is for you to do, if you choose," was the was the reply; to which Wigfall rejoined:

"If there's no one else to do it, I will;" and jumping into the embrasure through which he had just crawled, he waved his white handkerchief toward Fort Moultrie. The firing, however, of the enemy still continued, to the evident disappointment of Wigfall, who, after repeated requests on his part, was relieved from his hazardous position by a corporal who took his place and waved the flag. The enemy, however, still gave it no heed, and the corporal, finding the shot falling thick and fast about him, leaped down from the embrasure, exclaiming: "Damn it! they don't respect this flag-they are firing at it."

"They fired at me two or three times, and I stood it," answered Wigfall, "and I should think you might stand it once."

As he spoke, he turned toward the officers and added: "If you will show a white flag from your ramparts, they will cease firing." Lieutenant Davis. replied: "If you request that a flag shall be shown there while you hold a

conference with Major Anderson, and for that purpose alone, it may be done." At this moment Major Anderson came up, and Wigfall said to him: "I am General Wigfall, and come from General Beauregard, who wishes to stop this."

The Major, rising on his toes, and coming down firmly on his heels, exclaimed, "Well, sir!"

'Major Anderson," resumed Wigfall, "you have defended your flag nobly, sir. You have done all that is possible for man to do, and General Beauregard wishes to stop the fight. On what terms, Major Anderson, will you evacuate this fort ?"

"General Beauregard is already acquainted with my only terms," replied the Major.

"Do I understand that you will evacuate upon the terms proposed the other day?"

"Yes, sir, and on those conditions only."

"Then, sir," said Wigfall, "I understand that the fort is to be ours?"

"On those conditions only, I repeat," firmly declared Anderson.

A. Pryor, the staff of General Beauregard, approached the fort with a white flag, and said they came from General Beauregard, who had observed that the flag had been down and raised again a few minutes afterward. The General had sent over, desiring to know if he could render any assistance, as he had observed that the fort was on fire. Major Anderson, in replying, requested them to thank General Beauregard for the offer, but it was too late, as he had just agreed with General Beauregard for an evacuation. The three, comprising the deputy, looked at each other blankly, and asked with whom? Major Anderson, observing that there was something wrong, remarked that General Wigfall, who had just left, had represented himself to be the Aid of General Beauregard, and that he had come over to make the proposition.

After some conversation among themselves, they said to Major Anderson that Wigfall had not seen General Beauregard for two days. Major Anderson replied that General Wigfall's offer and its acceptance had placed him in a peculiar position, and ordered the United States flag to be raised again. They then requested him to place in writing what General Wigfall had said to him, and they would lay it before General Beauregard, and at the same time urged him to leave the flag down in the meanwhile, with which request Anderson complied.

After the note reached General Beauregard, he sent his adjutant-general and other members of his staff, including the Honorable Roger A. Pryor and Gover

nor Manning, proposing the same conditions which Major Anderson had of fered to go out upon, with the exception only of not saluting his flag. Major Anderson said that he had already informed General Beauregard that he was going out. They asked him if he would not accept of the terms without the salute. Major Anderson told them, No; but that it should be an open point.

General Beauregard soon after sent word that Major Anderson's terms had been accepted, and that he would send the Isabel, or any other vessel at his command, to convey him and his men to any port in the United States he should choose.

The terms of evacuation were, that the garrison should take all their individual and company's property with them; that they should march out with their side and other arms, with all the honors in their own way and in their own time, and that they should salute their flag and bear it away with them. It was late on Saturday night when the terms demanded were finally agreed to by General Beauregard. Next morn

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ing, on Sunday, the Isabel came April down from Charleston and an- 14. chored near Fort Sumter, and the little steamer Clinch lay alongside the wharf to transport Major Anderson and his men to the larger vessel.

When the baggage had been all put on board the Clinch, the soldiers being inside of the fort under arms, a number were detailed to salute the United States flag. At the fiftieth gun, the flag was lowered and the men set up a loud cheer. In firing, however, this last discharge, a premature explosion took place which killed one man instantaneously, seriously wounded another, and injured less seriously two other men. These were the only casualties of moment during the whole conflict.

The troops, now being formed, were marched out, while the band played "Yankee Doodle" and "Hail to the Chief." Remaining on board the Isabel during the night, in consequence of the state of the tide, Major Anderson and his command were transferred next morning to the Baltic, and during the evening of the day after sailed for New York.

recoil. In the magazine there was a hole made by a red-hot shot which had forced and bored its way half way through the wall of brick. A ninetysix pound shell, after shattering a granite block to pieces, had finally exploded against the magazine and forced the iron door from its place, thus exposing the powder within to the next shot. Grenades, balls, shells, rammers, charred timber, and fragments of brick and masonry were mingled in confusion everywhere.

The exterior walls, though not materially injured, presented the aspect, as described by a writer, as if the stronghold had just recovered from an attack of small-pox, so "pitted" was it with the indentations of balls, which had torn away, as they struck, the brick-work by "bushels-full." There was, however, no breach made in the external walls, though at the southeast angle there was sufficient damage done already as to threaten it. Upon the rim of the island, at the base of the fort, the stones were strewed with scattered fragments of brick, concrete, shells, and cannon-balls.

The cannonade of Fort Sumter had been no less destructive to the works of the enemy, particularly to Fort Moultrie. A writert who visited it immediately after the bombardment, wrote:

"The raking fire from Fort Sumter against Fort Moultrie was terribly destructive, and when viewed in connection with the fact that no life was lost, is the most extraordinary case ever recorded in history. As you enter, the

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eye falls upon the battered walls of the archway, with openings in some places large enough for windows. In other places may be seen the hanging splinters of the rafters, large pieces of ceiling seemingly about to drop, while the holes in the roof throw a clear light over the scene of destruction, which renders it painfully impressive. It would be an almost impossible task to count the number of balls discharged at this devoted fortress. The walls of the officers' quarters were battered with eight or ten balls, which had penetrated the whole depth of the building The western wall on the upper balcony was entirely shot away. The barracks were almost entirely destroyed. The furnace for heating hot shot was struck four times, the flag of the Confederate States received three shots, and the Palmetto flag four-a rather singular and peculiar circumstance, when viewed in connection with the seven Confederate States. The merlons of sand-bags, etc., remain unbroken.

"On the outside walls we counted over one hundred shots. Laborers were engaged in clearing away fallen bricks, etc. It will be necessary to pull down the old walls and rebuild them. Even the beds and bedding in the officers' quarters and the men's barracks were cut and torn into splinters and shreds. Had it not been for the bomb-proof shelter, the loss of life would no doubt have been appalling. One shell entered the brick wall of Major Ripley's bedroom, ran down the wall, and burst on the bureau immediately over the head of the