this Treaty, may enjoy equal and uninterrupted privileges of hunting, fishing and gathering fruit, grazing animals, curing meat and dressing robes. They further agree that they will not establish villages, or in any other way exercise exclusive rights within 10 miles of the northern line of the common hunting-ground, and that the parties to this Treaty may hunt on said northern boundary line and within 10 miles thereof.

Provided, that the western Indians, parties to this Treaty, may hunt on the trail leading down the Muscle Shell to the Yellow Stone; the Muscle Shell River being the boundary separating the Blackfoot from the Crow territory.

And provided, that no nation, band or tribe of Indians, parties to this Treaty, nor any other Indians, shall be permitted to establish permanent settlements, or in any other way exercise, during the period above mentioned, exclusive rights or privileges within the limits of the above-described hunting-ground.

And provided further, that the rights of the western Indians to a whole or a part of the common hunting-ground, derived from Occupancy and possession, shall not be affected by this Article, except so far as said rights may be determined by the Treaty of Laramie.

IV. The parties to this Treaty agree and consent, that the tract of country lying within lines drawn from the Hell Gate or Medicine Rock Passes, in an easterly direction, to the nearest source of the Muscle Shell River, thence down said river to its mouth, thence down the channel of the Missouri River to the mouth of Milk River, thence due north to the 49th parallel, thence due west on said parallel to the main range of the Rocky Mountains, and thence southerly along said range to the place of beginning, shall be the territory of the Blackfoot nation, over which said nation shall exercise exclusive control, excepting as may be otherwise provided in this Treaty. Subject, however, to the provisions of Article III of this Treaty, giving the right to hunt, and prohibiting the establishment of permanent villages and the exercise of any exclusive rights within 10 miles of the northern line of the common huntingground, drawn from the nearest source of the Muscle Shell River to the Medicine Rock Passes, for the period of 99 years.

Provided also, that the Assiniboins shall have the right of hunting, in common with the Blackfeet, in the country lying between the aforesaid eastern boundary line, running from the mouth of Milk River to the 49th parallel, and a line drawn from the left bank of the Missouri River, opposite the Round Butte north, to the 49th parallel.

V. The parties to this Treaty, residing west of the main range of the Rocky Mountains, agree and consent that they will not enter

the common hunting-ground, nor any part of the Blackfoot territory, or return home, by any pass in the main range of the Rocky Mountains to the north of the Hell Gate or Medicine Rock Passes. And they further agree that they will not hunt or otherwise disturb the game, when visiting the Blackfoot territory for trade or social intercourse.

VI. The aforesaid nations and tribes of Indians, parties to this Treaty, agree and consent to remain within their own respective countries, except when going to or from, or whilst hunting upon, the "common hunting-ground," or when visiting each other for the purpose of trade or social intercourse.

VII. The aforesaid nations and tribes of Indians agree that citizens of The United States may live in and pass unmolested through the countries respectively occupied and claimed by them. And The United States is hereby bound to protect said Indians against depredations and other unlawful acts which white men. residing in or passing through their country may commit.

VIII. For the purpose of establishing travelling thoroughfares through their country, and the better to enable the President to execute the provisions of this Treaty, the aforesaid nations and tribes do hereby consent and agree, that The United States may, within the countries respectively occupied and claimed by them, construct roads of every description; establish lines of telegraph and military posts; use materials of every description found in the Indian country; build houses for agencies, missions, schools, farms, shops, mills, stations, and for any other purpose for which they may be required, and permanently occupy as much land as may be necessary for the various purposes above enumerated, including the use of wood for fuel and land for grazing, and that the navigation of all lakes and streams shall be for ever free to citizens of The United States.

IX. In consideration of the foregoing agreements, stipulations, and cessions, and on condition of their faithful observance, The United States agree to expend, annually, for the Piegan, Blood, Blackfoot, and Gros Ventres tribes of Indians, constituting the Blackfoot nation, in addition to the goods and provisions distributed at the time of signing this Treaty, 20,000 dollars, annually, for 10 years, to be expended in such useful goods and provisions, and other articles, as the President, at his discretion, may from time to time determine; and the superintendent, or other proper officer, shall each year inform the President of the wishes of the Indians in relation thereto provided, however, that if, in the judgment of the President and Senate, this amount be deemed insufficient, it may be increased not to exceed the sum of 35,000 dollars per year.

X. The United States further agree to expend annually, for the benefit of the aforesaid tribes of the Blackfoot nation, a sum not exceeding 15,000 dollars annually, for 10 years, in establishing and

instructing them in agricultural and mechanical pursuits, and in educating their children, and in any other respect promoting their civilization and christianization: provided, however, that to accomplish the objects of this Article, the President may, at his discretion, apply any or all the annuities provided for in this Treaty: And provided, also, that the President may, at his discretion, determine in what proportions the said annuities shall be divided among the

several tribes.

XI. The aforesaid tribes acknowledge their dependence on the Government of The United States, and promise to be friendly with all citizens thereof, and to commit no depredations or other violence upon such citizens. And should any one or more violate this pledge, and the fact be proved to the satisfaction of the President, the property taken shall be returned, or, in default thereof, or if injured or destroyed, compensation may be made by the Government out of the annuities. The aforesaid tribes are hereby bound to deliver such offenders to the proper authorities for trial and punishment, and are held responsible in their tribal capacity, to make reparation for depredations so committed.

Nor will they make war upon any other tribes, except in selfdefence, but will submit all matters of difference between themselves and other Indians to the Government of The United States, through its Agent, for adjustment, and will abide thereby. And if any of the said Indians, parties to this Treaty, commit depredations on any other Indians within the jurisdiction of The United States, the same rule shall prevail as that prescribed in this Article in case of depredations against citizens. And the said tribes agree not to shelter or conceal offenders against the laws of The United States, but to deliver them up to the authorities for trial.

XII. It is agreed and understood, by and between the parties to this Treaty, that if any nation or tribe of Indians aforesaid, shall violate any of the agreements, obligations, or stipulations, herein contained, The United States may withhold for such length of time as the President and Congress may determine, any portion or all of the annuities agreed to be paid to said nation or tribe under Articles IX and X of this Treaty.

XIII. The nations and tribes of Indians, parties to this Treaty, desire to exclude from their country the use of ardent spirits or other intoxicating liquor, and to prevent their people from drinking the same. Therefore it is provided, that any Indian belonging to said tribes who is guilty of bringing such liquor into the Indian country, or who drinks liquor, may have his or her proportion of the annuities withheld from him or her, for such time as the President may determine.

XIV. The aforesaid nations and tribes of Indians, west of the

Rocky Mountains, parties to this Treaty, do agree, in consideration of the provisions already made for them in existing Treaties, to accept the guarantees of the peaceful occupation of their hunting-grounds, east of the Rocky Mountains, and of remuneration for depredations made by the other tribes, pledged to be secured to them in this Treaty out of the annuities of said tribes, in full compensation for the concessions which they, in common with the said tribes, have made in this Treaty.

The Indians east of the Mountains, parties to this Treaty, likewise recognize and accept the guarantees of this Treaty, in full compensation for the injuries or depredations which have been, or may be committed by the aforesaid tribes, west of the Rocky Mountains.

XV. The annuities of the aforesaid tribes shall not be taken to pay the debts of individuals.

XVI. This Treaty shall be obligatory upon the aforesaid nations and tribes of Indians, parties hereto, from the date hereof, and upon The United States as soon as the same shall be ratified by the President and Senate.

In testimony whereof the said A. Cumming and Isaac I. Stevens, Commissioners on the part of The United States, and the Undersigned Chiefs, headmen, and delegates of the aforesaid nations and tribes of Indians, parties to this Treaty, have hereunto set their hands and seals at the place and on the day and year hereinbefore written. A. CUMMING. ISAAC I. STEVENS.

JAMES DOTY, Secretary, and 21 Others.

And whereas the said Treaty having been submitted to the Senate of The United States for its constitutional action thereon, the Senate did, on the 15th day of April, 1856, advise and consent to the ratification of the same, by a resolution in the words and figures following, to wit:

IN EXECUTIVE SESSION, SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES,

April 15, 1856. Resolved (two thirds of the Senators present concurring), that the Senate advise and consent to the ratification of the Articles of Agreement and Convention made and concluded between The United States and the Blackfeet and other tribes of Indians, at the Council ground on the Upper Missouri River, October 17th, 1855.

Attest:

ASBURY DICKENS, Secretary.

(5.)—TREATY with the Menomonees.-Stockbridge, February 11,

1856.

[Ratified by the President of The United States, April 24, 1856.]

WHEREAS a Treaty was entered into at Stockbridge, in the State of Wisconsin, on the 5th of the present month, between the United States of America on the one part, and the Stockbridge and Munsee tribes of Indians on the other, stipulating that a new home shall be furnished to the said Stockbridge and Munsee Indians, near the south line of the Menomonee reservation; and

Whereas The United States desire to locate said Stockbridges and Munsees near the said line in the western part of the said reservation, on lands on which no permanent settlements have been made by the Menomonees; and

Whereas there is no objection on the part of the Menomonees to the location of the Stockbridges and Munsees in their neighbourhood, therefore, this agreement and Convention has been entered into:

Articles of agreement made and concluded at Keshena, State of Wisconsin, on the 11th day of February, in the year of our Lord 1856, between Francis Huebschmann, Commissioner on the part of The United States, and the Menomonee tribe of Indians, assembled in General Council.

ART. I. The Menomonee tribe of Indians cede to The United States a tract of land, not to exceed two townships in extent, to be selected in the western part of their present reservation on its south line, and not containing any permanent settlements made by any of their number, for the purpose of locating thereon the Stockbridge and Munsee Indians, and such others of the New York Indians as The United States may desire to remove to the said location within two years from the ratification hereof.

II. The United States agree to pay for the said cession, in case the said New York Indians will be located on the said lands, at the rate of sixty cents per acre; and it is hereby stipulated, that the money so to be paid shall be expended in a like manner, to promote the improvement of the Menomonees, as is stipulated by Article III of the Treaty of May 12th, 1854,* for the expenditure of the 40,000 dollars which had been set aside for their removal and subsistence, west of the Mississippi, by the Treaty of October 18th, 1848.t

III. To promote the welfare and the improvement of the said Menomonees, and friendly relations between them and the citizens of The United States, it is further stipulated;

1. That in case this agreement and the Treaties made previously with the Menomonees should prove insufficient, from causes which * Vol. XLIV. Page 366. † Vol. XXXVIII. Page 1214.