erates. The battle of Antietam. Lee retreats into Vir-
ginia. Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation. Sentiment
of the North and in Congress as to emancipation. Mili-
tary conditions in the West. Bragg's invasion of Ken-
tucky. Buell replaced by Rosecrans. Burnside replaces
McClellan. Estimate of McClellan. The battle of Fred-
ericksburg. Burnside resigns and is succeeded by Hooker.
Cabinet dissension. The final Emancipation Proclamation.
"Copperhead opposition." The Conscription Act. Finan-
cial legislation. Arrest and conviction of Vallandigham.
Lincoln's defence of the suspension of habeas corpus. The
creation and admission of West Virginia. The battle of
Chancellorsville. Death of Stonewall Jackson. Summary
of the results of the second year of the war.
VI THE THIRD YEAR OF THE WAR.
Lee invades the North. Impelling motives of the move-
ment. Preliminary Confederate movements in Virginia.
Pennsylvania entered. Early seizes York. Lee occu-
pies Chambersburg. Hooker's operations hampered by the
War Department. He is superseded by Meade. Man-
œuvres of the opposing armies toward Gettysburg. The
first day's battle at Gettysburg. The positions of the com-
batants. The second day's struggle. Operations of the
third day. Pickett's disastrous charge. Lee's army re-
treats. The cost of the Gettysburg field. Grant's expe-
dition against Vicksburg. "The Campaign of the Bayous."
Grant's differences with McClernand. Operations against
Grand Gulf and Fort Gibson. Grant takes the city of
Jackson and reaches the rear of Vicksburg. A general
assault fails. The long siege and final surrender. Draft
riots in New York. Peace efforts. Enlistment of negro
slaves in the Union army. Retaliatory measures of the
Confederacy. Negro soldiers in the Confederate army.
The attitude of Great Britain toward the conflict. France
offers mediation. Diplomatic difficulties with Great
Britain over Confederate war vessels. The Confederate
representative recalled from London. Mexican affairs in
relation to the Union and the Confederacy. Difficulties as
to exchange of prisoners. Resolution of the Confederate
Congress as to negro prisoners. Treatment of Union sol-
diers. Confederate prisoners. The battles of Chicka-
mauga and Lookout Mountain. Vallandigham again at-
tacks the administration. The writ of habeas corpus sus-