ing on the problem of assimilation, referring those who seek the more subtle problems to other treatises.

Mankind in general has been divided into three and again into five great racial stocks, and one of these stocks, the Aryan or Indo-Germanic, is represented among us by ten or more subdivisions which we also term races. It need not cause confusion if we use the term race not only to designate these grand divisions which are so far removed by nature one from another as to render successful amalgamation an open question, and also to designate those peoples or nationalities which we recognize as distinct yet related within one of the large divisions. Within the area controlled by the United States are to be found representatives of each of the grand divisions, or primary racial groups, and it is a most fascinating study to turn from the more practical topics, and follow the races of man in their dispersion over the globe and their final gathering together again under the republic of America.

First is the Aryan, or Indo-Germanic race, which, wherever it originated, sent its Sanskrit conquerors to the south to plant themselves upon a black race related to the Africans and the Australians. Its western branch, many thousand miles away, made the conquest and settlement of Europe. Here it sent out many smaller branches, among them the Greeks and Latins, whose situation on the Mediterranean helped in great measure to develop brilliant and conquering civilizations, and who, after twenty centuries of decay and subjection, have begun again their western movement, this time to North and South America. North of Greece the Aryans became the manifold Slavs, that most prolific of races. One branch of the Slavs has spread the power of Russia east and west, and is now crushing the alien Hebrew, Finn and German, and even its fellow Slavs, the Lithuanian and Pole, who, to escape their oppressors, are moving to America. The Russian himself, with his vast expanse of fertile prairie and steppe, does not migrate across the water but drives away those whom he can not or will not assimilate. From AustroHungary, with its medley of races, came other branches of the Slavs, the Bohemians, the Moravians, the Slovaks, the

Slovenians, the Croatians and the Poles, some of them mistakenly called Huns, but really oppressed by the true Hun, the Magyar, and by the German.

To the west of the Slavs we find the Teutonic branches of the Aryans, the Germans, the Scandinavians, and above all, the English and Scotch-Irish with their descent from the Angles, Saxons, and Franks, who have given to America our largest accessions in numbers, besides our language, our institutions and forms of government. Then other branches of the Aryans known as Celtic, including the Irish, Scotch and Welsh, formerly driven into the hills and islands by the Teutons, have vied with the English and Germans in adding to our population. The French, a mixture of Teuton and Celt, a nationality noted above all others for its stationary population and dislike of migration, are nevertheless contributing to our numbers by the circuitous route of Canada, and are sending to us a class of people as different almost from the present day Frenchman in his native home as the Italian or Portuguese is different from the Frenchman.

In the fertile valleys of Mesopotamia and the Tigris, the Semitic race had separated from its cousins, the Aryans, and one remarkable branch of this race, the Hebrews, settling on a diminutive tract of land on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean and finally driven forth as wanderers to live upon their wits, exploited by and exploiting in turn every race of Europe, have ultimately been driven forth to America by the thousands from Russia and Austria.

Another race, the Mongolian, multiplying on the plains of Asia, sent a conquering branch to the west, scattering the Slavs and Teutons and making for itself a permanent wedge in the middle of Europe, whence, under the name of Magyar, the true Hungarian, the Mongolians come to America. Going in another direction from this Asiatic home the Mongolian race has made the circuit of the globe, and the Chinese and Japanese meet in America their unrecognized cousins of many thousand years ago.

Last of the immigrants to be mentioned, but among the earliest in point of time, is the black race from the slave coast of Africa. This was not a free and voluntary migra