him to the second: it is Cathanie, i. e. of Caithness. And if he will consider the former also as having a Latin termination, he will probably be able to interpret it.

3. . . . . . Graie, glazier and plumber of the church. The date broken, but in the 16th century. A cross and scull. And, what is remarkable, the same arms at one corner as are borne by the lords Gray.

4, 5, 6. These are the three mural monuments: to Robert Wilkie, rector of the university, 1611; John Hepburn, chief founder of St. Leonard's college, 1522; and Robert Stewart, bishop elect of Caithness, and brother to the regent Lennox, 1586.

7. John Wynram, prior, and after the Reformation superintendent (in Latin "episcopus ") of Fife. Died 1582, aged 90; gravestone, with shield of a ram.

8. Emanuel Young, 1544. Outline figure of a priest, with his hands crossed on his breast.

9. A similar figure, with the hands crossed at his waist, and these lines: magister Ex inopum numero primus sacramenta ministrans.

Hic jacet in

The sense of which, as Mr. Lyon remarks, is enigmatical; but he will perceive the last word but two is not primarius.

10. Hugh Spens, master of St. Saviour's college, 1534. A similar figure and a shield of arms.

11. William Ruglyn, canon [of the cathedral church] and master of the fabric, 1502. Cross, chalice, and book.

12. John Archibald and Margaret his wife, benefactors of St. Leonard's college, 15.. A cross.

13. James Wilkie, rector of the University, 1590. A shield of arms. Some of these persons were men of great learning and eminence in their day, and biographies of them have been published in the History of St. Andrew's, by the same author.

advantage is, Read the best authors, and be very severe to your own productions. We have only room for one agreeable specimen :

YOUR HOUSE IS LEFT UNTO YOU
DESOLATE.

Mute is the strain of love and faith

That thrill'd from David's lyre ;
Quench'd in the gloomy shades of death
The prophet's sacred fire.
Hush'd are the tabret and the lute,
The halls are sunk in gloom,
Each movement of the pilgrim's foot
Is on a nation's tomb.

The sounds of joy and mirth are o'er
In Judah's lonely coasts;
The Levites' anthem wakes no more
To praise the Lord of Hosts.
Alas! they would not sound his praise
When they were all his own,
But breath'd Jehovah's sacred lays
To Canaan's gods of stone.

And He, who once from Pharaoh's yoke
Redeem'd their chosen race,

His words they mock'd, his precepts broke,
And trampled on his grace.

Cast forth in ire, in love restor'd,
They still provok'd his frown,
Till He by Heaven's bright hosts ador'd
In human form came down.

Oh, child of sin! of hope bereft,

Thus fill'd thy cup of guilt!
For thee, for all, his throne he left,
And thou his blood hast spilt.
And Judah's wreath is faded now,
Still harden'd and perverse;
She bears upon her stricken brow

Jehovah's blighting curse.

The tribes that should his power proclaim
Are from his presence driven,
But still the praise of Jesu's name

Resounds through earth and heaven.
The infant's lisping hymn may rise
Upon the spirit's wing,
And join the swelling harmonies
The sons of glory sing.
Rejoice ye!-yes, we will rejoice,

The praise shall still be sung,
Tho' hush'd has long been Judah's voice,
And Judah's harp unstrung.

But when the day of wrath is done
He will his own restore,

Harriet Drury.

SUCH poems as these must be considered as useful and pleasing exercises, leading, as we are sure they will do, to future flights of a higher kind. All the advice that can be given with

Our Saviour to adore.

As, for instance, to such a line as the following,

The mirage value of the world belov'd.

The Psalms of David: a new Version.

By Rev. B. T. H. Cole.

THE author says, "The accuracy of this work may best be tested by comparing it with our Bible version, the deviations from which are printed in Italics, and the authority for each deviation is given at the bottom of the page." This version is entirely new, with only the exception of one, the 149th Psalm. It is certainly a great advantage to have a version superior in correctness to the old one, for the language of scripture is not to be trifled with, or changed according to our caprice or convenience. The author has paid due attention to Bishop Horsley in this portion of his task. We must also add, that this version may be recommended not only by verbal correctness, but by poetical ease, and propriety of language, and harmony of versification; ex. gr.

PSALM XLIX.

Hear all ye people, lend an ear

All ranks throughout the world that live, Both high and low, together hear,

Both rich and poor attention give. Deep are the musings of my heart, Maxims of wisdom fill my tongue; To proverbs I mine ear impart,

To deep designs my harp is strung. Why should I fear in evil hour,

When wicked plotters hem me round, Who trust in riches for their power,

And glory if their wealth abound? None can his brother's soul redeem,

Nor count his price God's wrath to stay, That cost exceeds his wealthiest dream, That ransom he can never pay.

Vain hope! that man for ever live,
His body no corruption see !
For wise men die; nor more survive

Than those that rude and brutish be.
They see it, and how wealth hath past

To strangers; yet their hearts suggest That their own home shall ever last,

Their mansions be for ages blest. Yea, to the very lands they trod, In pride of heart, their names they give; Yet honour'd man hath no abode,

Is like the beasts that shall not live. Such is their folly,-and their seed

Applaud the maxim of their sires; But death on them as sharp shall feed, When in the grave their pride expires. And when the dead with morning wake In saints shall the dominion be,

While all their beauty shall forsake
Those who no home but Hell shall see.
But God his servants shall redeem;

God shall both soul and body save;
Receive the man that trusts in him,
And burst the bondage of the grave.
Fear not if others' wealth increase,
If others' house in glory rise;
That glory with their life shall cease,

No pomp goes with him when he dies.
In life's short hour his soul he blest,
And gave it every joy to know;
And praise from men on thee shall rest
For all thou shalt on self bestow.
Down to his fathers he shall go

Who light of life shall never see;
If man, when honour'd, will not know,
He, like the beasts, shall nothing be.

We give one more, as a specimen of the simpler and plainer species of the divine poems-a versified prayer :

PSALM CXXIII.

To thee I lift my longing eyes,

Oh thou enthroned above the skies!
With eye intent, as servants stand,
Observant of their lord's command,
Maidens their mistress' hand to see,
Our eyes, Jehovah, wait on thee.
We wait thy mercy, gracious Lord
Thy mercy and thy grace accord;
Whelm'd with contempt, to thee we cry,
Our heart o'erflows with misery;
And pride and scorn in high estate
Has made our spirit desolate.

Things after Death. On the Intermediate State; on Family Buryingplaces; Hints for Epitaphs, &c.

A VERY pleasing little volume, the production of learning and taste. The first Essay, "On the Intermediate State," may be advantageously read together with Archbishop Whateley's Sermons on the same subject. It is, we confess, a subject to which our thoughts do not often recur, because it is so involved in an obscurityremoved neither by the authority of Scripture nor our own reasoningand So we are content to lay it aside, as among the inscrutable things of God. The author's Essay, however, we must acknowledge, is written with much judgment and care, and its arguments are directed to produce the best results. To the feeling which dictated the second Essay, "On Family Burying-places," we fully subscribe, and are not displeased to see the rebuke very properly given in the

Popery: its Character and its Crimes. By William Elfe Tayler, post 8vo. pp. 348. -Dialogue between a Popish Priest and an English Protestant. By Matthew Poole. 18mo. pp. xvi. 164.—Middleton's Letter from Rome. 12mo. pp. 66.—Aljurations from Popery: post 8vo. pp. 15. lxxxiii. 117.-The Life of Ramon Montsalvage. 18mo. pp. xxii. 112.-We have placed these works together, because they belong to the same subject, although their contents are diversified. Two of them, namely, Poole's Dialogue and Middleton's Letter, are reprints of standard works: the others are candidates for public acceptance. 1. To Mr. Tayler's work the eulogy may be applied which a clergyman addressed to Leigh, the author of Critica Sacra, "you study to make us idle." (Body of Divinity, 1654, pref. p. xii.) It is a vast assemblage of materials, condensed into a single small octavo volume; and we hardly know which to

LXVIII.

Cease to grieve for children taken
Early from a life of pain ;
Ripest fruit is quickliest shaken;
Death to them must needs be gain.
"Suffer little ones to come,"

So our Lord hath said, "to me."
Let repining voice be dumb;
Who can shelter them as He?

LXXVI.

At morning he was strong; the ev'ning saw His wife a widow and his friends in tearsHis children orphans! Write it as thy law"He wisely lives who watches, prays, and fears."

LXXXIX.

Christian, pause! there sleeps below
One whom Heaven's severest blow
Had depriv'd of moral sense-
Of his reason's strong defence.
Yet for him the pitying tear
Is not needed; rather fear
For the lot that may be theirs
Who are mad with worldly cares,
Or who quench the light within
By the drunkard's fearful sin-
Into darkness turning day.
Sad, but wiser, go thy way.

CXIX.

Judge no man from his calling; one is laid Below whose ways bespoke a Christian

mind,

Kept safe from snares of an unpitying trade, With hand as gen'rous as his heart was

kind.

Men censure outward blemish, and allow

The hidden sin, in judgment blind and hard. Thou, Lord, alone art merciful, for Thou

Dost each according to his work regard.

commend the more, the industry of collecting or the ability shown in arranging them. The student must be far advanced in the controversy, or indeed a master of it, who can supply anything of consequence to these pages; we do not mean that additional testimonies may not be found, but the specimens which are given, and the sources of research which are in-⚫ dicated, make this volume a compendium (literally multum in parvo) of the subject. The author has professedly often made use of other works; or, to quote his own words," where he has met with clear and forcible statements........he has gladly availed himself of them, as far more unexceptionable testimony, than any statements of his own." Fourteen illustrations are given from MSS. and scarce books, some of them extremely spirited, particularly No. 4. the skull of a bishop set in gold and jewels; No. 5. the Saint's Bed and St. Bridget's Chair, an excellent copy

from Mr. Hardy's "Holy Wells of Ireland ;" and No. 11. Miraculous Images of the Virgin, which has been much admired for its execution. To the correctness of No. 5, the monument in Macclesfield church, we are enabled to testify from another quarter. On the whole, we believe this work has solved a literary problem,-how much solid matter it is possible to condense into a single volume; and the student whose library is well-furnished will find it of use as a table of reference on the principal topics of the controversy.* 2. POOLE's Dialogue is a little doctrinal compendium of the controversy, in which the erudite author of the "Synopsis Criticorum" condescended to popular convenience. Such works, the value of which has been tested by time, have many advantages over modern compositions. The importance of Poole's writings on this subject was shown, by his name being put down in Titus Oates's list of obnoxious persons. The quotation from the "Taxa Cancellariæ Apostolicæ," at p. 72, is obscurely translated, but the original is far from clear. The phrase, quia non sunt, probably means, because they are of no account, for the literal meaning would be nonsense; consolari should probably be rendered gratified.3. MIDDLETON's Letter is a well-timed reprint of a production long celebrated for its acuteness. It is too well-known to need any detail; but there is one point that admits of further illustration, viz. the miracle of St. Januarius' blood at Naples. Mr. Eustace, who was himself a Roman Catholic priest, says, "His supposed blood is kept in a vial....into the truth of the supposition little inquiry is made." In a note to a subsequent edition of his Tour, he adds, "The author.... declares, that he does not believe the liquefying substance to be the blood of St. Januarius." (vol. ii. pp. 337-8. 6th ed. 1821.) This is an important admission, and shakes the foundation of one of the most noted of Romish miracles. Subjoined to the reprinted letter is an abridgement of Middleton's "Reply to a Romanist," in defence of it. 4. The narrative of Ramon Montsalvage, a converted Spanish monk of the Capuchin order, is very remarkable, and if we give no extracts it is to promote the reading of a book which is priced within every one's reach. It is likely to have great influence on the controversy, from the disclosures it makes, of pious frauds, (p. 6-8,) of the state of

*This work must not be confounded with the Rev. R. Taylor's "Pagan and Popish Priestcraft," reviewed in our number for July last, p. 60.

morality among the monks, (p. 9,) and of fabricated miracles, of the most deceptive kind (p. 11). But the chief point is the bold experiment by which the legendary stories of bleeding hosts are confuted, (p. 42,) a proof which Protestants have not hitherto had the power of obtaining. An Introduction on the abortive Reformation in Spain in the 16th century is prefixed by Dr. Baird. 4. Abjurations from Popery contains some useful materials. They are those of J. A. Dwyer, of a Spanish priest, (communicated by himself to the editor,) and of the Rev. R. Ryder, with some extracts from Mr. Nolan's similar writings. The first is a forcible address, on leaving the Church of Rome; the second has some striking disclosures on the subject of celibacy; the third shows the practical state of Romanism in Ireland; and the fourth affords a fearful insight into the Confessional. Other facts and inferences, which are scattered throughout the Introduction, will prove useful in various respects, although the colloquiality of the style is hardly according to our ideas of controversy.

Ellisian Exercises, adapted to the first part of the practical Introduction to Latin Prose Composition. By Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A.-As the natural way in which children learn their mother tongue is that of hearing and also talking it, so we suppose that youth best learn a dead language by the exercise of writing and reading it. The materials for the reading of Latin we have in the Roman authors, and whoever may be looking for a help to the writing of it will find a very good one in Mr. Arnold's Ellisian Exercises.

In the rule for the accusative with infinitive, Mr. Arnold says, "the infinitive takes before it, not the nominative, but the accusative. Many sentences that in English are joined to a verb by the conjunction that are expressed in Latin by the accusative with the infinitive. In turning such sentences into Latin, that must be omitted, the English nominative turned into the accusative, and the English verb into the infinitive mood of the same tense." Would it not be better teaching to show the pupil that there are, in English as well as other languages, two forms of a proposition: the indicative form as, " He knew that it was wrong,' (1); and the infinitive form: as, "He knew it to be wrong," (2); and that the infinitive form (2) is the right Latin form. So the rule" Est pro habeo," &c., or as Mr. Arnold gives it, "the English verb 'have' may often be translated by sum with a dative," may, we think, be more effici

ently taught by showing first that any noun in a sentence may be made its nominative case, and therefore either a possessive or a possessed noun may be made the nominative case: as,

"Pump me some water,"

Ans. "The pump (nom.) has no handle," (acc.) or,

"There is no handle (nom.) to the pump," (dat.)

Generally the possessive noun becomes dative when the possessed noun becomes nominative. The so-called genitive of the name of a town, which is the locus of a proposition, we think must be an old ablative case; all nouns were originally of the declension of nubes: and musa was— n. musa,

be in accordance with the English of the time when the translation was made. At p. 64 it might be advisable, when this volume comes to be reprinted, to introduce Doddridge's excellent note on Mark vi. 8, which we would observe is more satisfactory than that in Calvin's Harmony, as we have lately had occasion to compare them.

cope musai,

d. musa-i,

acc. musa-em, by crasis musam, ab. musae, by crasis musá.

A Harmony of the Four Gospels, following the Greek Harmony of E. Robinson, D.D. 8vo. pp. xii. 203.—A harmony is as necessary to a student as a commentary or a concordance, and the present one is based, in the English of the authorised version, on the arrangement made by an eminent biblical scholar. It contains, according to Dr. Robinson's own statement, some new views, and some new illustrations of old ones. It has also the advantage derived from a personal inspection of the scenes of gospel history. In preparing it, however, for the present republication, two important works which Dr. Robinson had not given in his list have been consulted, viz. Greswell's Harmonia Evangelica, and Wieseler's Chronological Synopsis of the Four Gospels, which is in high estimation in Germany, and they have helped to support Dr. Robinson's arrangement. The notes consist of his own, slightly altered by the editor, with others, partly original and partly compiled from the writers above mentioned, &c. Without any affectation of learning, they are often important, as an instance of which we may cite the one at p. 144, on the indignation of the disciples in Matt. xxvi. at the apparent waste of ointment, while in John it is mentioned of Judas only. The note observes that "He was actuated by a base motive, and probably his dissatisfaction led others who did not know his real feelings to show some uneasiness at the seeming waste of the ointment." The note at p. 65, on the expression take no thought, would have been less censorious if Parkhurst's Lexicon on the word Μεριμναω had been consulted, where the translation is shewn to

nian rocks are only repetitions of a serieseternal, a parte ante,-of causation and effect, by which Vulcanian have been converted, an infinity of times, into Neptunian, and Neptunian into Plutonic rocks; and therefore it contends, successfully in our opinion, for the Divine genesis of the world, and all its life, animal and vege table. At p. 56, our author says rightly, "Water itself, diffused through the irregularities of the globe, is a mineral mass in igneous fusion under the habitual temperature of warm climates; in the state of rock in cold countries, it forms mountains, plains, and valleys; and sometimes, as in some parts of Siberia, regular strata." Speaking of the primæval igneous fusion of our planet, (p. 95,) he collects the facts which support the theory of it, in these few words: "The form of the terrestial globe, flattened toward the poles, and raised at the equator; the actual fluidity of the water, which covers threefourths of the surface; the constant diminution of caloric, demonstrated by the cooling down of lavas, and of the entire mass of the Vulcanian rocks of all kinds; the bursting, upheaving, and sinking down of the solid envelope at various epochs, the opening of crevices, and the filling up of veins; the rapid increase of heat in proportion as we descend to the interior, the inclined position of stratified rocks, earthquakes, modern volcanic eruptions, and thermal springs, show that even to this day, the solid crust, which we tread with a confident step, forms but the thin shell of a molten spheroid."

On the Correlation of Physical Forces. By W. R. Grove, esq. M.A., F.R.S., Barrister-at-Law. This is a pamphlet containing the substance of a course of lectures delivered in the London Institution, and published at the request of the proprietors of it. We are not so deep in