trial increases your ability, and you will finally succeed by dint of the very wisdom and strength gained in the effort, even though at first the problem wis beyond your skill. It is the study, and not the answer, that really rewards your pains. Look at that boy who has just succeeded after six hours of hard study, perhaps; how his large eye is lit up with a proud joy, as he marches to his class. He treads like a conqueror. And well he may. Last night his lamp burned late, and this morning he waked at dawn. Once or twice he nearly gave up. He had tried his last thought; but a new thought strikes him, as he pon ders over the last process. He tries once more and succeeds, and now mark the air of conscious strength with which he pronounces his demonstration. His poor, weak school mate who gave up that same problem after the first faint trial, now looks up to him with something of wonder, as to a superior being. And he is his superior. That problem lies there, a great gulf between those boys who yesterday stood side by side. They will never stand together as equals again. The boy that did it for himself has taken a stride upward, and what is better still, has gained strengh to take other and greater ones. The boy who waited to see others do it, has lost both strength and courage, and is already looking for some good excuse to give up school and tudy forever. The one is on the high way to a noble and masterly manhood; the other has already entered upon a life of defeat, disappointment and di: grace.— Michigan Journal of Education. Educational Intelligence. CANADA. MONTHLY SUMMARY. Of the 1044 persons (685 males, and 341 females,) committed to the County Jail, Toronto, in 1854, there were who neither could read nor write, males 291, females 196; could read only, males 125, females 68; read and write imperfectly, males 285, females 75; read and write well, males 20, females 3; superior education, males 8, females 0.....The Patrie says that the St. John's College, Fordham, of the United States, has lately conferred the honorary degree of LL.D. upon the Hon. Dennis Benjamin Viger, member of the Legislative Council; the Hon. G. E. Cartier, Provincial Secretary; the Hon. A. N. Morin, Judge of the Superior Court; Jean Bte. Meilleur, M. D., Superintendent of the Public Schools in Lower Canada; Come Seraphin Cherrier, Esq., Q. C., President of the Bar of Lower Canada; and F. Ribaud, Professor of Jurisprudence, St. Mary's College.....A Niagara paper in reporting the recent examinations of the Common Schools in the town, complains in strong terms of the apathy of the public in regard to these examinations, compared with their zeal in less important matters. The Editor also adds: "We want many improvements in Niagara, but our greatest want of all and that which ought to be provided before any thing else, is a well-built and commodious edifice for our Common Schools. ....The Barrie Advance of the 28th March, in referring to the new school houses in the City of Toronto, observes: "They are of a character in keep ing with other improvements in architecture, and an honor to the country. Their value, however, will be felt hereafter; and like Scotland we shall at some future period be able to say-our children have had instruction and education to fit them for the ordinary offices of life; and if to this, learning be added, it must come from subsequent cultivation of the mind first brought into exercise by means of Common Schools, for which the public is taxed and willingly pays."....A correspondent of the Stratford Beacon, in speaking of the recent examination in S. S. No. 3, North Easthope, states that the attendance of pupils was about 50 per cent over last year, in consequence of the introduction of the Free School System. He complains, however, that while the examination was most interesting on the part of the pupils, the indifference manifested by the parents was most discouraging. FREE SCHOOLS IN THE NEW CITY OF OTTAWA. We have received the following abstract from the minutes of proceedings of the Board of School Trustees for the City of Ottawa. It contains information upon matters of great importance to the inhabitants : Each Ward pays for its own School, and a share of the contingent expenses of the Board of School Trustees, proportionate to the number of Schools in the Ward. The Free System has been adopted in all the male and female schools of the city, under the control of the Trustees, consequently there will be no excuse for parties not sending their children to school. The scale of salaries is as follows: Male Teachers-1st class, Normal School, 46 66 . £100 per annum. 85 80 75 The Governors, Principal, and Fellows of the University of McGill College, beg leave to approach your Excellency with expressions of congratulation and respect. Feeling, in common with all who have had an interest in the cause of Education, that its infant institutions, struggling with difficulties peculiar to a new country, require the countenance and fostering care of judicious rulers, they address themselves with confidence to your Excellency, as one whose earnest attention to that important subject has ever been consistent with the character of an accomplished scholar and enlightened friend of learning. The University which they have the honor to represent, and of which the Governor General is Official Visitor, was regarded by your Excellency's distinguished predecessor with much consideration and friendly interest; and they trust that, without presumption, they may declare their hope that the Institution will be favored with like encouragemen by your Excellency, so soon as an opportunity shall have been afforded of making you acquainted with its character and circumstances, and its claims upon public support. In asking leave, the Governors, Principal and Fellows, desire respectfully to express a wish that your Excellency's administration of the Government of this Province may be happy and honorable, and that the blessings of Providence may rest upon your public labors, as well as upon your private and domestic relations. To which His Excellency replied in nearly the following words: MR. PRINCIPAL, GOVERNORS AND FELLOWS.-1 am exceedingly happy to meet you here this day. Of all the objects which can seriously occupy the attention of man, that of education is the most important. Elementary schools in this Province are common, but in them are taught mainly thosO necessary branches of education which adapt man for the ordinary pursuits of life. The commen schools in the sister Province have proved eminently successful; but yet great difficulties have been found to beset the Universities in which the higher branches of learning are alone taught. With the increasing progress of the country, those will, I hope, become less and less insurmountable. I have become acquainted with the difficulties under which this fiue institution has labored for many years. It will give me great pleasure, Mr. Principal and Governors, if by mutual interchanges of opinion between myself and you, or any of the Professors, I can be in any measure instrumental in removing them, I shall be happy to do the utmost that lies in my power. I beg, in conclusion, to return you my sincere thanks for your kind wishes in reference to myself and family. After which the Professors of the University had the honor each of a personal introduction. EDUCATION IN LOWER CANADA.-The Montreal Transcript mentions that an interesting meeting was lately held in that city, to take into consideration the very important subject of education. It was largely attended, and by a highly influential audience. His Worship the Mayor took the chair, and the speakers were the Revs. Dr. Taylor, Dr. Wilkes, Dr. Fraser, Dr. Davis, and Messrs. D. Davidson, S. Phillips, and Major Lachlan. The chief points which were urged by the speakers as absolutely necessary to the progress of education, was the immediate opening of the Normal School; the appointment of an additional Superintendent; the establishing of some definite system for public instruction; the election of a Board of Education, who should assist the Superintendent, and have a control over the educational funds; aud the increase of the salaries of the teachers.-Though we believe that it is utterly impossible to accomplish all that is aimed at, we trust the gentlemen who have taken the matter in hand will not cease their efforts until something is done to put this Province more on an equality with Upper Canada, than it has ever yet been, in respect to one of the most important matters that can engage the attention of thinking, intelligent men. BRITISH AND FOREIGN. MONTHLY SUMMARY. The following are the Statistics of the University of Oxford for this year:The members of Convocation are 3,545; the members of the books 6,232; Matriculations, 1854, 393; Regents, 198; Determining Bachelors in Lent, 1854, 258. In January, 1854, the members of Convocation amounted to 3,546; members on the books, 6,259. Matriculations in 1853, were 406; Regents, 247; Determining Bachelors in Lent, 1853, 354. The Colleges and Halls that have increased most since 1853 are Worcester, 17; Wadham, 10; and Christ Church, 10. Those that have decreased most are St. Edmund Hall, 22; Baliol, 18; and Exeter, 17....The students and professors of Oxford have subscribed 3,000 dollars to the fund for the benefit of the widows and orphans of the soldiers killed in the Crimea....The name of Dr. Warneford has been made familiar to the Birmingham public by his munificent benefactions to the Queen's College Hospital. On Thursday week he died at the Rectory, Burton-on-the-hill, age 92 years....Ladies' Colleges seem quite the rage in England. Three are advertised in one page of the Athanæum....In the French communal schools for girls the ordinary studies are suspended, and the pupils are all engaged in making lint for the hospitals in the East....The French Minister of Public Instruction has issued a work on the Public Libraries of France and Algiers, from which it appears that, excluding Paris, there are in all the libraries 8,733,439 printed works, 44,070 manuscripts. Bordeaux has 123,000; Lyons, 130,000; Rouen, 110,000; Strasbourg, 180,000; Troyes, 100,000; Avignon, 60,000; Dijon, 80,000; Versailles, 56,000; Tours, 57,500; Grenoble, 80,000; Nantes, 45,000; Marseilles, 51,000; Amiens, 53,000; Toulouse, 50,000. In 1855-4, there were expended for all thesc libraries 407,781 francs, of which sum only 184,227 francs were for the purchase of books and binding. There are 338 public libraries. THE NEW EDUCATION BILL FOR ENGLAND. Lord John Russell's new bill "to promote education in England" has been read a first time and printed by order of the House of Commons. It contains 22 clauses, of which the following is a brief abstract :-The councils of English boroughs are empowered to submit schemes for the promotion of educatiou in snch boroughs (by means either of new or existing schools) to the Education Committee of the Privy Council, with an estimate of the expense thereof. Two-thirds of the members of such councils must be present at the meeting, to be specially summoned for the purpose fourteen days previously. If the scheme be approved by the Education Committee, it may be carried into effect, with or without alterations. The expenses are to be defrayed out of the borough funds, the rate not to exceed 6d. in the pound annually. The act may also be adopted by parishes situate without boroughs if two-thirds of the rate-payers vote at a public meeting in favour of such adoption. It the scheme be rejected by the rate-payers, it may not be again proposed for the space of three years. Where parishes adopt the act, the scheme may be submitted for approval to the Education Committee in the same way as by the councils of boroughs; the expenses to be defrayed from the poor-rates. In all schools established under this act, the Holy Scriptures are required "to be read therein," but not so as to be used as a "school lesson book;" and no Roman Catholic or Jewish children will be obliged to be present at the reading of the Holy Scriptures. Another clause provides that the children of Dissenting, Roman Catholic, and Jewish parents shall not be taught any catechism, nor required to use any liturgy, nor obliged to attend at church, or other religious observances. The management of schools is to be vested in the councils of boroughs and the vestries of parishes, subject to government inspection, and the rights of trustees or visitors. The Education Committee may at any time revoke any order approving any scheme under this act, and so shut up the school disapproved. The commitee must, at the same time, state its reasons for so doing. THE NEW EDUCATION BILL FOR SCOTLAND. Concurrently with Lord J. Russell's English Education Bill, appears a bill to "amend the law relating to Parish Schools in Scotland," introduced by Mr. Stirling and Mr. H. Baillie. This measure provides, among other enactments, that, from and after the term of Martinmas next after the passing of the act, the salary of every parochial schoolmaster in Scotland, who, at the date of the passing of the act, has ceased personally to discharge the duties of his office shall, so long as he holds such office, be not less than the salary payable to such schoolmaster, at the date of the passing of this act, under any prior act of Parliament then in force, nor more than £50,-that the salary of every other parochial schoolmaster for whom provision is not otherwise made in this act shall not be less than £35, or more than £50, and that the salary of every district schoolmaster shall not be less than £20, or more than £35 per annum. The salaries of existing schoolmasters are to be fixed within two months after the passing of the act by the heritors and ministers of parishes, at a meeting to be held for the purpose. The salaries of future schoolmasters are to be fixed within six weeks after vacancy. The salaries fixed under this act may not be diminished, but they may be increased at the expiration of five years from the passing of the act, such increase being within the limits prescribed. Clause 7 allows an appeal to the Quarter Sessions in case the heritors and ministers of parishes shall neglect or refuse to fix salaries, and also in case any heritor of the parish or the schoolmaster shall be dissatisfied at the amount of the salary fixed. In populous and widely scattered parishes it will be competent for the heritors to establish one or more additional schools, provided always that no more than £75, in the whole, shall be paid in salaries in any one parish. Schoolmasters may resign on account of infirmity or old age, on a pension to be fixed by the heritors and minister of the parish. These retiring allowances are not to be less than £25, or more than £35 for parochial masters, and not less than £15, or more than £25 for district masters. When an offer of resignation on account of age or infirmity is refused, the schoolmaster may appeal to the Quarter Sessions. The Lord-Advocate is empowered to direct the Procurator Fiscal to take proceedings for the removal of incapable, infirm, immoral, and negligent schoolmasters on the complaint of the heritors of parishes. The decision rests with the sheriffs of counties, who are empowered to order the retirement of schoolmasters, or to suspend them for three years, and to fix the amount of their pensions in the event of their dismissal being consequent on superannuation or infirmity. The heritors of parishes are bound to provide dwelling-houses and gardens for schoolmasters (the garden to cover at least the fourth part of one Scots acre) or to grant an additional salary of two guineas a-year in lieu of such garden, where it cannot be allotted without loss and inconvenience. Any dispute on this point is to be settled by an appeal to the Quarter Sessions. All former acts and statutes are saved in so far as they are not altered by, or inconsistent with the present act. UNITED STATES. MONTHLY SUMMARY. An effort is being made in the City of New York, to establish Ragged Schools. The Mayor has recommended the project to the consideration of the Common Council... James Russel Lowell, the poet, has been elected to succced Professor Longfellow in Harvard College, as Professor of Modern Languages and Belles Lettres. There were five applicants for the place, but Mr. Lowell was not one of them, and his nomination was made without his knowledge. He will accept the appointment, but, before entering upon its duties, he will spend a year abroad, in Germany and Spain. He will leave in May; but, before going abroad, he will repeat at the West, the lectures on English poetry he has just delivered before the Lowell Institute at Boston. ....A Jewish college, on the model of the German universities, is shortly to be established at Cincinuati....At a recent meeting of the American Geographical and Statistical Society, S. S. Randall, Esq., late Deputy Superintendent of the State of New York, gave an interesting statistical account of the common school system in this state. He is reported to have said that "there are schools in 12,000 districts, teaching 900,000 children. There are 15,000 teachers, about one half male and one half female. There are 60,000 officers giving their gratuitous services. There are about half a million of books used in the schools, averaging about 125 to each district. The schools are supported by the U. S. Deposit fund, a state tax, and taxes raised in the several towns, &c., amounting annually to two million and a half dollars..... The Paris Correspondent of the N. Y. Commercial Advertiser, states, that at a recent meeting of the French Academy M. Guizot, the orator of the day, gave an enumeration of the immense number of public and society libraries in the United States; he also gave an aperçu of their common school system which he extolled as being in advance of all others, and spoke of the passion with which Americans were pursuing the collection of historical records referring to the history of their country. He said that no nation bought and read so many books; paid so much attention to their normal schools; labored so hard in the improvement of governmental and civil laws, and entered with such a passion into the collection of historical records. M. Guizot was followed by M. Dupin, former president of the Senate, by M. Cousin, Minister under the Republic, by M. Nodet, Michael Chevalier, and others. M. Cousin grew eloquent over the school system of the United States, and the efforts of her lettered men, in establishing a reputation for and happiness to us all, was originally laid out while he was at the head of their country. SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES, IN THE UNITED STATES. The federal government have granted over forty-eight millions of land for school purposes, and over four millions for universities. Maine has a larger proportion of scholars at school than any other State or country in the world. Denmark exceeds the United States; the United States exceeds all other countries even including the slaves.—Washington Commonwealth. COMMON SCHOOLS IN PENNSYLVANIA. the old town government, and by a committee of which he was chairman. The evidences of his services and of his sacrifices might be multiplied on every side. He spent his whole strength and his whole substance in the service of the infant colony, and died at last a poor man; poor in everything but that good name which is above all price. But it is not so much what he did, but what he was, that entitles him to the grateful remembrance of the sons and daughters of Boston and of Massachusets. He was a man of the purest life, of the sternest integrity, of the loftiest moral and religious principle; and he has left an example of moderation and magnanimity, of virtue and piety, second to none which can be found in the annals of our country. I know not how, Mr. Mayor, I can do anything more appropriate to this occasion, or furnish any more striking illustrations of the principles of him whose name has been inscibed upon these walls, than to read you a few brief sentences from one of his own letters. The letter is dated on the 16th of October, 1622, and was addressed to his eldest son, then a lad of 16 years old, who was pur suing his studies at Trinity College Dublin. "My dearly beloved Son :-I do usually begin and end my letters with that which I would have the alpha and omega of all thy thoughts and endeavours, viz., the blessing of the Almighty be upon thee, not after the common valuation of God's blessings, like the warming of the sun to a hale, stirring body,—but that blessing which faith finds in the sweet promises of God and his free favor, whereby the soul hath a place of joy and refuge in all storms of adversity. I beseech the Lord to open thine eyes, that thou mayest see the riches of his grace, which will abate the account of all earthly vanities; and if it please Him to give thee once a taste of the sweetness of true wisdom, which is from above, it will season thy studies and give a new temper to thy soul. Remember therefore, what the wisest saith, the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom. Lay this foundation and thou shalt be wise indeed. Such was the career and such the character of Governor Winthrop, and I need add nothing more, I am persuad Among the important official reports which have recently been laid before the Legislature is that of the superintendent of common schools of this state for the past year. The last twelve months have exhibited nothing to change the convictions previously entertained, of the flourishing condition of the common school system of Pennsylvania; but much to strengthen confidence in its early and certain success. The Superintendent remarks that the great scarcity of well qualified teachers is still a source of complaint in almost every county of the Commonwealth. It is an evil that lies at the very root of the system, and until it is entirely removed the schools cannot attain a permanently flourishing condition. Much has been done during the past Summer by means of teachers' institutes and kindred associations to infuse a proper spirit of emulation among teachers, and the examinations by the county superintendents have, doubtless, contributed to the same result. But the state superintendent holds that the only practical remedy, under present circumstances, is to increase the salaries of teachers; thereby holding out to persons properly qualified, the inducement of a comparatively adequate compensation. The whole number of districts is 1,531 schools 9,507; average number of months taught 5; male teachers 7,590; female teachers 8,640; average salaries of males per month, $19,25; average salaries of females $12,03; male scholars 260,269; female scholars 214,286; number learning German 11,121; average number of scholars in each school 42; cost of teaching each scholar per month 48 cents.-Corresponed, to show that his name is worthy of being given to your school. The build dence N. Y. Commercial Advertiser. EDUCATION IN MISSOURI. The abstract of the annual report of the superintendent of common schools shows that within the sixty-five counties included in his report there are about 200,000 children between five and twenty years of age; of this number 67,000 were taught within the past year, at an aggregate cost of $240,000; the average number, however, attending school the whole time being only 20,000. In St. Louis county particularly, the whole number taught the past year was 8,500, but the average attendance during the whole term was only 865. The superintendent looking at the general result, finds nothing therein "very gratifying to the friends of education." The report draws a sad picture of the "district school-houses," describing them as "ten by twelve log-cabins, with one oblong window; low, dismal, dreary things, the very appearance of which is sufficient to produce fever and ague." THE NEW WINTHROP SCHOOL, BOSTON. The old Winthrop and Johnsons schools in Boston having been merged into one, it was determined that a new and superior school "to bear the honored name of Winthrop " should be erected. This having been done, the new edifice was "dedicated" early this month. Among the speakers present was the Hon. Robert C. Winthrop, a lineal descendent of the famous Ex-Governor of the Colony of Massachusetts Bay. After making some eloquent remarks appropriate to the occasion he remarked: I am sure that I need feel no delicacy in speaking of the ditinguished person in whose honor the school has been primarily named. Five entire generations have now intervened between him and myself. More than two hundred years have passed away since he was laid beneath the sod in what isnow King's Chapel Burying Ground. Within a few feet of the City Hall, where an humble tomb-stone may be seen bearing the inscription "John Winthrop, 1649." Coming over here in 1830, as the leader and Governor of the Massachusetts Company, with their charter in his hand, he was identified, perhaps beyond all other men, at once with the foundation of our Commonwealth and of our city. And there is not a page in our colonial records, or of our town records, during the nineteen years of his living here, which does not bear testimony to his labors and zeal for the public service. The very first entry in the records of Boston, if I mistake not was in the handwriting still extant of John Winthrop. The first voluntary subscription for the support of free schools, in 1836, bore his name, as one of the three equal and largest contributors. The first statute for the establishment of a system of education in New England, was passed under his auspices as Governor of the Commonwealth. The neighbouring common, the pride of our city, the play place of our children, and the source of so much health ing thus inaugurated is of brick, four stories in height, and is designed to seat 929 pupils. There will be 14 female teachers, besides a teacher of music, a teacher of sewing, and a head master. The entire cost of the school and site is estimated at $89,000. Literary and Scientific Intelligence. MONTHLY SUMMARY. We understand that sixteen or seventeen Essays have been presented to the Executive Committee for the Paris Exhibition, by candidates for the prize offered. Some of them are said to be the productions of the finest minds of Canada. The appointment of properly qualified persons to adjudicate on the respective merits of the competitors, is a work of delicacy. We hear that the judges are, the Hon. Mr. Morin, Messrs. Robert Christie, Langton, J. H. Cameron, Holton, and E. Parent....The decision of the great literary prizes, founded by Burnett,-one of £1,800, and another of £600-to the authors of the two best treatises on "The Being and Attributes of GOD," has just been announced. The successful competitors were found to be-for the first prize, the Rev. Robert Anchor Thompson, A.M. Louth, Lincolnshire; and for the second, the Rev. John Tulloch, manse of Kettins. Cupar Angus, Principal of St. Mary's College, St. Andrews, Scotland, There were 208 treatises lodged. The judges were Professors Baden Powell, Henry Rodgers, and Mr. Isaac Taylor. They were unanimous in their judgment....The library of 1,100 volumes used by Napoleon at Elba is still preserved on that Island. Many of the works contain notes in the Emperor's own hand....Great Britain has 5,444 artists, 524 authors, 1,320 editors, and 207 reporters....The taking of the last English census involved the recording of one hundred millions of facts....M. Ede St. Maurice Cabany, who has made the alleged discovery of a romance, said to have been written by Sir Walter Scott while in Paris, says: "On the 25th November, 1854, I published an account of the extraordinary manner in which the MSS. of the tale or romance, in three volumes, entitled 'Moredun: a Tale of the 1210,' came into my hands, accompanied by a letter of most singular interest. The MSS. and the letter I placed in my bureau, and I invited all whom the discovery interested to come and inspect them, and to judge for themselves of the grounds on which I founded the opinion, which I still entertain more strongly than ever, that Sir Walter Scott alone could have been the author of the romance. Three copies of the letter, addressed by Sir Walter to the German to whom he gave the MSS. are being accurately traced-one for the British Museum, one for the Crystal Palace, Sydenham, and the third for the London publishers of the novel-as soon as the 1 H discoverer can "find any bold enough to give to the world a work of fiction full of interest, rich in humour, rapid and brilliant in its descriptions of scenery and character-but which the critical press of England is determined shall not have been written by Sir Walter Scott." AUTHORSHIP OF THE CRITIQUE ON BYRON'S "HOURS OF IDLENESS." It turns out, on the evidence of a manuscript note of the late Lord Cockburn, of Edinburgh-the biographer of Jeffrey, and the careful collector during his life of everything relating to the Edinburgh Review and Scottish literature generally-that the famous article in the Edinburgh Review on Byron's "Hours of Idleness," which drew forth the "English Bards and Scotch Reviewers," and stung Byron into the splendid revenge of his subsequent career, was written, not by Jeffrey, but by Brougham. Lord Cockburn's library, containing many curious and valuable memorials, has just been sold; and a collection of tracts, relating to the Edinburgh Review, and Edinburgh politics and literature during the last fifty years, and profusely aunotated by Lord Cockburn, has been purchased by the British Museum for £85 88. 6d. The collection consists of 350 volumes of pamphlets, of which about 60 refer to the Edinburgh Review alone. These supply, in some cases, the only evidence of the authorship of the essays in that famous periodical. MEAN METEOROLOGICAL RESULTS AT TORONTO DURING THE YEAR 1854. Professor Cherriman, of University College, read a very interesting paper at a late meeting of the Canadian Institute on the "mean meteorological results at Toronto, during the year 1854." The February number of the Canadian Journal will contain a full report of the address; in the meantime we present to our readers the following facts: The mear. temperature of the year 1854 was above the average of the last 14 years by 0.87, due chiefly to excess of heat in July and October, but reduced by the fall in December; the months from May to November being above their average temperature; the rest, with the exception of March, below. The year is the bottest on record, with the exception of 1846. The hottest month was July, and the coldest February, which is in accordance with the normal march of the temperature; the climatic difference is 51.4, which is 7.9 above the average. July was the hottest month ever recorded, being 5.75 above its average temperature, and no less than 3.6 above the next inferior, which was July, 1850. During the year there has been 203 nights, the state of which would have permitted Aurora to be seen if it existed. On 55 of them Aurora was actually observed. Only two displays of the first magnitude occurred, on March 27th and April 10th, both accompanied by great magnetic disturbance. On July 10th and September 10th perfect Auroral arches were formed, but without active features. NINEVEH RELICS. The French Minister of State has caused a three-masted vessel, the Manuel, of Bordeaux, to be hired to bring to France the objects discovered by M. Victor Place, consul of Mossul, in his excavations at Nineveh; and she has just sailed from Nantes for the Persian Gulf. Amongst the objects she will bring back is one of the monumental gates of the city, four gigantic bulls, several basso relievos, a great number of utensils of earthenware, copper, iron, and a number of statues of greater antiquity than any yet discov ered. They are to be conveyed down the Tigris on large rafts, supported by bladders according to the custom of the country, to Bussorab, and are there to be shipped. The descent of the Tigris, a distance of 300 leagues, will, no doubt, be able to surmount them. He has already accomplished will be attended with considerable difficulties and dangers; but M. Place the more difficult operation of conveying the objects, some of which are of enormous weight, from Khorsabad to the banks of the Tigris, a distance of some leagues, and across a country which is not only without roads but is traversed by torrents over which it was necessary to throw bridges; and all this he has done without any of the apparatus employed by Europeans. It is expected that the Manuel will have returned to France in sufficient time to enable her precious cargo to be deposited in the Assyrian Museum of the Louvre before the opening of the exhibition. In selecting from the General and Supplementary Catalogues, parties will be particular to give merely the catalogue number of the book required, and the department from which it is selected. To give the names of books without their number and department, (as is frequently done) causes great The hottest day was July 3d (81.8), and the coldest January 28th (1.6). delay in the selection and despatch of a library. the difference between these being 79.7. The greatest daily range occurred on July 4th, amounting to 44.5, and NORMAL SCHOOL. HE next SESSION of the NORMAL SCHOOL will commence on the the range on the whole year is 110.0, between 99.2 on the morning of Au-15th of MAY, and end on the 15th of OCTOBER, 1855. CANDIDATES gust 24th, and -10.8 on the afternoon of February 3d, the former being by 4.9, the highest temperature ever recorded. The year presents a remarkable instance of conformity with Col. Sabine's law of "permanence in the mean annual temperature, combined with great variability during the year." The summer is the hottest recorded, and the autumn is only exceeded by that of 1846. The thermic anomalies for the respective seasons are-Winter-11.2; Spring 82; Summer 0.9; Autumn-3.7. must present themselves during the first week of the Session, or they A WANTED A SITUATION, S SCHOOL TEACHER, one who has been in the business for eight years, and holds a second class certificate. Apply by letter, (prepaid,) stating salary, to J G. HOUSE, Tilsonburgh, No. 1. TO TRUSTEES OF GRAMMAR SCHOOLS. GENTLEMAN who has obtained a LICENSE for a GRAMMAR SCHOOL The mean humidity of the year is 7.9, having attained a maximum in A in Upper Canada, as also a diploma for an ACADEMY in the Lower February and a maximum in July. The lowest humidity (27) occurred on The mean direction of the wind was from N. 42 deg. W., with a mean velocity of 6.02 miles per hour, making the most windy year of the series of 8 years. In all the months except September and October, the velocity was in excess of the average, and in November and December particularly so. The depth of rain fallen has been 27.76 inches which is 3.586 inches less than the average: and if to this we add 4.95 inches for the amount of rain equivalent to the fall of 49.5 inches of snow, we have a total of 32.71 inches. Frost occurred in every month except June, July, and August, the latest in Spring being on May 22d, and the earliest in Autumn on September 21st, The last snow of Spring was on April 29th, and the first of Autumnton October 16th. Toronto-bay was clear of ice on April 8th, and frozen over on December 2d; being crossed on foot on the morning of the 8th, this being unusually early. Only a few days about 26th October gave ill-defined indications of the Indian summer. The number of thunder-storms during the year has been 58, more numerous than usual. Of these none occurred in January and February, one in March; the number increasing up to 16 in July, and then again descending to none in December. The most violent occurred on April 25th and 26th, May 17th and 20th, July 4th and 8th, from 19th to 22d, August 13th, and September 6th. That of July 4th was a complete hurricane, the wind for some minutes reaching a velocity of 60 miles per hour. Province, the term of his agreement as Head Master of a Grammar School in Western Canada having just expired, wishes a re-engagement in the above capacity. Advertiser appeals with confidence to nine years' experience as a teacher of the higher branches in the Mother Country, as well as Upper and Lower Canada. Address, stating salary, &c., “DELTA ” Post Office, Hamilton, C. W. TO SCHOOL TRUSTEES, &c. ANTS a SITUATION, a TEACHER of several years experience. He W has a First Class Certificate, and is qualified to teach the higher branches of an English Education, with the French, Latin and Greek languages. He is practically acquainted with the most approved methods of instruction. Address, stating salary-A. B. C., Guelph Post Office. March 21, 1855. ADVERTISEMENTS inserted in the Journal of Education for one halfpenny per word, which may be remitted in postage stamps, or otherwise. TERMS: For a single copy of the Journal of Education, 5s. per annum ; back vols. neatly stitched, supplied on the same terms. All subscriptions to commence with the January number, and payment in advance must in all cases accompany the order. Single numbers, 74d. each. All communications to be addressed to Mr. J. GEORGE HODGINS, Education Office, Toronto. TORONTO: Printed by LOVELL & GIBSON, Corner of Yonge and Melinda Streets. TORONTO: MAY, 1855. II. PRACTICAL EDUCATIONAL PAPERS.-1. The School Master's Mission. 2. Lord Ashburton on the profession of Teaching. 3. Dr. Layard on Education. 4. Modes of testing the qualities of teaching. 5. Evils of absence from school. 6. Teachers' salaries. 7. Art of interesting the scholar. 8. The mode of questioning. 9. Comprehension of words. 10. Absolute necessity of Ventilation III. EDITORIAL-Delay in notifying the annual apportionment V. MISCELLANEOUS.-1. The Old School-house. 2. Journalizing in school. Canada. No. 5. kind:-" to increase and diffuse knowledge among men'—without restriction as to origin, country, creed or colour. The conception of so noble a design is due to a native of England, a scion of one of its ducal houses, and a distinguished member of one of its chief universities. The foundation of this handsome structure was laid at Washington-the metropolis of the United States-in 1847. The architecture is of the Romanesque or later Norman style. The material of the building is of fine reddish sandstone; and the structure itself, (as represented below) with its picturesque towers and irregular beauty of outline, presents an imposing appearance. It is situated on the "Mall," a wide area of ground which slopes down with a gentle declivity from, and directly in front of, the capitol. The extreme length of the building is 450 feet; its width 140 feet. It has nine towers, varying in height from 75 to 150 feet. The grounds which surround it are very extensive and are tastefully laid out. The institution derives it name, by will, from its founder, the THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, WASHINGTON. | late James Smithson, Esquire, son of the first Duke of NorthIn the fulness of its scope and purpose, the Smithsonian is umberland. the most important scientific and literary institution in the United States-or even in the world. The principle upon which it was founded, was of a most beneficent and philanthropic He was educated at Oxford, where he distinguished himself by his scientific attainments. In 1787, the year after taking his Master's degree, he was elected a fellow of the Royal So |