neers, etc.—Messrs. McCoy and Hearn have been selected as professors MIDDLE-CLASS EDUCATION.-Lord Ebrington is again before the public as author of a plan of what he calls "middle-class education," which for its novelty at least deserves attention. His pamphlet is reprinted from the Society of Arts' weekly journal, where it first appeared. He argues that while no effort has been left untried to educate the children of labourers, and even of paupers, the class next above this-too proud to accept government assistance, too poor to pay for really valuable teaching-is in danger of sinking lower and lower. The deficiency cannot be supplied by elee mosynary institutions; nor can our universities, even if "poor scholars were again to frequent them, meet the local requiremnnt. Lord Ebrington suggests the establishment in each county town of local examinations, conducted by competent persons, who should have the power of conferring "degrees"that is, of pronouncing authoritatively on the claims of candidates-prizes and scholarships to be founded in connection therewith, if money could be obtained for the purpose, either from individuals or from the proceeds of fees. The subjects of examination to be simple and practical, such as might befit an Englishman of the middle class, unable to devote, as the rich are supposed to do, many years to the process of instruction. Lord Ebrington conceives that the value of a "degree" of this kind, as a testimonial, would which, as we have already intimated, are exhibited the articles from abroad; and the galleries are devoted to philosophical instruments, apparatus, &c. The room appropriated to books,-of which there is a numerous collection supplied by all the leading educational booksellers,—is over the great hall. One of the most interesting features of the Exhibition is to be seen in the Library, which contains the "results of the schools," or articles made by the young people in those establishments, and specimens of work done there All over the walls, in the passages, on the landings as you go up the stairs, and round the galleries, maps and diagrams are hung, and at the foot of the stairs some excellent mo tels of school fittings, desks and seats, are exhibited. It will be seen from this general outline of the plan upon which the Exhibition is arranged, that every available portion of the building has been turned to the best account. When we come to examine separately the contributions of the various exhibitors, our attention is naturally first directed to the three beautiful cabinets in the centre of the great hall, exhibited by the Prince of Wales. One is the cabinet of specimens illustrative of cotton manufacture, presented to His Royal Highness, in 1851, by Messrs. Hibbert, Platt, and Sons, and showing all the various stages through which the cotton passes, from its natural state on the plant to its finished manufactured forms. The other two contain very choice specimens of fishes, crustacea, marine plants and vegetable productions used in commerce, such as seeds, roots, fibres, &c. Near these is an excellent model of a group of school buildings, suitable for a large rural village, with drawings of the plans, elevations and sections of the buildings, contributed by Earl Granville. One of the most prominent groups under the north gallery is that of the National Society, which includes copy-books, school clocks, globes, stationery, drawing and colouring materials, diagrams, prints, maps, hydrostatical and pneumatical apparatus, Attwood's machine for illustrating the laws of falling bodies, the geometrical solids, a machine for illustrating centrifugal force, sets of the mechanical powers, sectional models of steam engines, &c. Near these are the contributions of the asylums for the blind, the deaf and dumb, and idiots, which consist of embossed books for the blind and numerous compensate both the trouble of preparation and the slight expense of fees.. articles worked by these unfortunate classes. The fancy articles, needlework, We are not sanguine of his success, but the idea is ingenious, and deserves better than to be rejected without trial.-The (London) Press. THE EDUCATIONAL EXHIBITION IN LONDON. Three months ago we had the satisfaction of announcing that the Society of Arts proposed to add one more to its many claims on public gratitude, by originating a special Exhibition of the various means and appliances employed in carrying on elementary education in the United Kingdom, some of our largest colonies, the leading countries of Europe, and the United States of America. What was then little more than a happy idea, is now an accomplished fact. Through the zealous co-operation of our Government with those of other nations-some of which displayed quite an unexpected degree of interest in the project, the praiseworthy exertions of the several educational societies in this country, and the enlightened activity of private persons whose business it is to prepare the material means of education, a very respectable collection has been got together and arranged in a manner convenient for inspection. We have spoken of the idea of the Exhibition as a happy one, and such it will be found to be on a moment's consideration. It is one of the natural knitting, crochet, &c.; hair-work in bracelets, brooches, &c.; mats, baskets, shoes and slippers, exhibited by the Schools for the Indigent Blind, are really wonderful specimens of what the blind may be taught to accomplish. Scarcely less astonishing are the drawings, mats, shoes and slippers exhibited as the workmanship of the unhappy creatures for whom a home has been provided in the Asylum for Idiots. On the opposite or south side of the hall the British and Foreign School Society is very creditably represented. The articles it exhibits comprise a good model of the Borough-road School—a model of Jerusalem and the surrounding country-a raised map of Great Britain and Ireland-cases of objects to illustrate the lesson-books-models of the pump, diving bell, and inclined plane-a sectional model of a steam-engine, prepared by a British school teacher-plans, maps, globes, drowing materials, diagrams, and apparatus for illustrating natural philosophy, geometry, natural history, astronomy-moveable letters-reading stands-sheet lessons for infant schools-and four cases containing specimens of needlework, &c., executed by girls in the schools of this Society. On the whole, this institution seems to bear the palm among its fellows for excellence of educational means. In success of results the Congregational Board of Education takes a high place, if we may judge from the beautiful specimens of perspective and mechanical drawing executed by its students; but we presume the students are inmates of the Homerton College, who are preparing to go out as teachers, and consequently, are beyond the ordinary school age. Among the books exhibited by this body we were sorry to observe several controversial publications, which, however alculated to further its peculiar tenets, are certainly ill suited for purposes of education. We turn with satisfaction to the specimens of workmanship executed by pupils in Ragged Schools. They consist of mats, baskets, shoes, and other articles made by boys, and art toys in the shape of dolls' bedsteads and house furniture made by girls,—all of which deserve great praise. We have only time to mention that the cabinets of objects, moral prints, boxes of form and colour, models of schools, and specimens of cotton, silk, linen, iron, copper, tin, and lead, in their natural and manufactured states, which the Home and Colonial School Society exhibit, are well worth a careful inspection. Among the contributions from abroad, those from Norway make decidedly the best show. They consist of drawings, plans, and models of school buildings, apparatus for teaching natural philosophy, stuffed quadrupeds, insects, fishes, and reptiles, maps, and specimens of exercises in writing, composition, mathematics, and the modern languages. America is largely represented in books, maps, and specimens of work done by pupils. The East India Company exhibits a very interesting collection of articles,-comprising, among other things, specimens of pottery made at the Madras School of Arts and Industry, cordage made of plantain and agave fibre, with various models, &c. We may call attention to the very beautiful specimens of Nature-printing exhibited by Messrs. Bradbury and Evans in the south gallery. From the Athenæum. Literary and Scientific Intelligence. MONTHLY SUMMARY. Caroline Bowles Southey, Widow of the late Robert Southey, LL.D., 1 Poet Laureate, died on the 20th July. She was the daughter of the Rev. Dr. Bowles....From a proclamation which appears in the Canada Gazette, we learn that the act passed in June of last year, to regulate the currency of this Province, comes into effect on the first of August. By it the dollar is to be 5s. of our present currency, and the cent one-hundredth of a dollar; mill one-tenth of a cent. Accounts may be kept, and persons may sue or be sued, or all business transactions in either denomination of currency shall be legal....Several London and English provincial newspapers have been forced to raise their price, owing to the dearness of paper. The Times has offered £1,000 for the discovery of a new raw material that shall be cheaper than rags for the making of paper. Another daily journal prints on a paper so thin that it is difficult to read it. "Bell's life" is now 7d....A Report that has lately been published by the English Department of Science and Art, gives a very satisfactory account of the success of the Schools and Art of Design, which have recently been established on the self supporting system throughout Great Britain. In little more than a year, twenty of those Schools have been founded; whereas sixteen years had been found necessary to establish a similar number previously. Manufacturers avail themselves with readiness of the talents of the Students in their several departments. CANADIAN GEOLOGICAL COLLECTION.-A recent correspondent of the Toronto Daily Leader, writing from Quebec, thus refers to the Mineral discoveries of Canada, and to the Geological collection which has been formed by the Provincial Geologist, Mr. Logan, F.R.S. Gold-bearing quartz, however, exists in abundance; but it is Mr. Logan's opinion that with unskilled labor our gold field cannot be rendered profitable. The inference is that with scientific appliances brought to bear they may be made profitable. Mr. Logan has already stated in one of his public reports, that the gold country of Lower Canada extends over three thousand square miles. He has since discovered, and will state in his next annual report, that it extends over ten thousand square miles. It is proper to state that the ten pounds' weight of gold in the custody of Mr. Logan, cost as much if not more to obtain it than it is worth. Associated with the gold is found irridosium, or white metal, nearly as hard as diamond, used for the points of gold pens. It exists, however, in very insignificant quantities. In the geological collection are some excellent specimens of slate found in the Eastern Townships. A specimen of French slate, which has been a century in use on the roof of a building, is also in the collection. It is now as good as the day when it was first dug out of the bowels of the earth. An analysis of the two kinds shows their composition to be nearly identical. There are various kinds of Cana lian marble in the collection; the handsomest of which is the Serpentine. It is found in the Eastern Townships, and is identical with the verde antique of Italy. There are some specimens of soap-stone also found in the Eastern Townships. The soap-stone resists fire, and is for that reason used to line furnaces. It is soft, and can be cut as easily as wood. It possesses great economic value. The lithographic stone of Canada, of which specimens are in the collection, it of a superior kind. An impression of the Crystal Palace, done in London, on this stone, is very fine. Mr. Murray, Mr. Logan's associate in the geological survey, has recently surveyed two lines from the Georgian Bay to the Ottawa, across that twenty-four million of acres of land not yet in the market. The impression obtained by the survey as to the quality of of the land is not favorable. There is some good and much indifferent. ....The Ottawa Citiz n referring to this subject says:-It is well known to geologists that the rocks in Sweden in which the magnetic iron ore is found, from which the celebrated Swedish steel is manufactured, are the same as the metamorphic rocks of Canada, lying north of the Ottawa, and which the owners of such mines in this country to the making of experiments, in order to test their capability of competing with the Swedish iron. THE LITERARY PENSIONS OF THE YEAR.-The £1,200 annually appropriated for literary pensions has been allotted this year as follows:-£50 a year to Mrs. Glen, (widow of the late Dr. Glen, missionary to the East for nearly 30 years), in consideration of Dr. Glen's services to biblical literature by his translation of the Old Testament into Persian, and the distressed condition in which his widow is placed by his decease; £100 a year to Sir Francis Bond Head, in consideration of the contributions he has made to the literature of this country; £100 a year to Mrs. Moir (widow of the late Mr. David Moir, surgeon), in consideration of her late husband's literary and scientific works, in connexion with his profession, his poetical talents, and the destitute condition of his widow and eight children; £80 a year to the Rev Wm. Hickey, in consideration of the sevice which his writings, published under the signature of "Martin Doyle," have rendered to the cause of agricultural and social improvement among the people of Ireland; £100 a year to Mrs. Lang, in consideration of the eminent services rendered for a period of upward of 50 years by the late Mr. Oliver Lang, master-shipwright at the Woolwich dockyard; of his numerous valuable inventions and im provements for the advancement of naval architecture, and the straitened circumstances in which Mrs. Lang is placed; £50 a year to the widow and daughter of the late Mr. Jos. Train, in consideration of his personal services to literature, and the valuable aid derived by the late Sir Walter Scott from Mr. Train's antiquarian and literary researches, prosecuted under Sir Walter's directions; £100 a year to the widow of the late Sir Harris Nicolas, in consideration of the many valuable contributions made by her late husband to the historical and antiquarian Literature of this country, and the limited circumstances in which his family were left at his death; £80 a year to the daughters of the late Dr. M'Gillivray, in consideration of their late father's contributions to the service of natural history, and the destitute condition in which his family are placed at his decease; £50 a year to Mrs. Hogg, the widow of the Ettrick Shepherd, in consideration of her late husband's poetical talent; £100 a year to the sister and two daughters of the late Mr. James Simpson, in consideration of his eminent services in the cause of education, and the distressed circumstances in which, owing to the expenditure of his own means in the furtherance of his object, his family are left at his decease; £40 a year to the daughters of the late Mr. James Kinney, in consideration of his literary talent; £100 a year to Mr. Alaric Alexander Watts, in consideration of his services to literature and art; £100 a year to the daughters of the late Mr. Joseph Tucker, in consideration of their late father's services as Surveyor of the Navy for 18 years, and the distressed condition to which they are reduced; £100 a year to Dr. Hincks, in consideration of the eminent services he has rendered to history and literature by his antiquarian researches, and especially in connexion with the Assyrian and other Eastern languages; and £50 a year to Mrs. Lee, widow of Dr. Bowditch, the celebrated African traveller, in consideration of her contributions to literature, and the straightened circumstances to which she is now reduced. PRIZES OF THE FRENCH ACADEMY. The French Academy has proposed the following as the subjects of its prizes for 1854: That for poetry is to be the "Acropolis of Athens,,' and the prize is to be a gold medal worth 2,000 francs. A similar medal is to be given for the best paper on "The Life and Writings of the Duke de St. Simon." The two Montyon prizes of 3,000 francs each on "The Poetry of the Middle Ages" and on "The Progress of Letters in France before the Cid," not having been awarded this year, are to be again contended for next year. Two prizes of 3,000 francs each are also to be given for the best paper on "The Works and Genius of Livy, the Historian," and for the best paper on "The Life and Writings of Froissart." From 1st January, 1854, the Academy will enter on its annual examination relative to the prize founded by the late Baron Gobert for "The most eloquent work connected with the History of France." In that examination will be included all the new works on the History of France which shall have appeared from the 1st of January, 1853. The Academy will also award in 1854 the annual medals for acts of devotedness and virtue. STATISTICS OF THE BIBLE. The Rev. C. E. Elliot is delivering a course of lectures on Sabbath evenings at Baldwinsville, Onondago county, (N. Y.) and in the preliminary lecture, the following interesting facts were mentioned : The old Testament contains 39 books, 929 chapters, 23 214 verses, 592, 439 words, 2,728,100 letters. The New Testament contains 27 books, 260 chapters, 7,959 verses, 181,- in Europe, with Greece, Italy, and Spain; her conquests from Turkey in 253 words, 838,380 letters. Europe are more in extent than the kingdom of Prussia without the Rhen The entire Bible contains 66 books, 1,189 chapters, 31,173 verses, 773,- ish provinces; she has taken from Turkey in Asia an extent of territory 692 words, 3,566,480 letters. The name Jehovah or Lord, occurs 6,855 times in the Old Testament. The word "and" occurs in the Bible 46,227 times: viz, in the Old Testament 35,543 times, in the New Testament 10,684 times. The middle book of the Old Testament is Proverbs. The middle chapter is the 29th of Job. The middle verse is the 2d Chronicles, 20th chapter between the 17th and 18th verses. The middle book of the New Testament is the 2nd Epistle to the Thessalonians. The middle chapter is between the 13th and 14th of Romans. The middle verse is Act 17: 17. The middle chapter or division, and the least in the Bible, is the 117th Psalm. The middle verse in the Bible is Psalm 118: verse 8. The middle line in the Bible is 2d Chronicles 4; 16. The least verse in the Old Testament is 1st Chronicles 1: 1. The Apocrypha, (not inspired, but sometimes bound between the Old Testament and the New,) contains 183 chapters, 6,081 verses, 152,185 words. In the 21st verse of the 7th of Ezra, are all the letters of the Alphabet; I and J being considered as one. The 19th chapter of 2nd Kings, and 37th of Isaiah are the same. These facts were ascertained by an English gentleman residing at Amsterdam, A. D. 1772. Also by another gentleman who made a similar calculation, A. D. 1718; and they are said to have taken each gentleman nearly three years in the investigation. The first division of the Divine Oracles in chapters and verses is attributed to Stephen Langdon, Archbishop of Canterbury, in the Reign of King John, in the latter of the 12th century, or beginning of the 13th.-Cardit.al Hugo, in the middle of the 13th century, divided the Old Testament into chapters as they stand in our translation. In 1661, Athias, a Jew of Amsterdam, divided the sections of Hugo into verses, as we now have them. Rober: Stephens, a French Printer, had previously (1851) divided the New Testament into verses as they now are. The Scriptures have been translated in 148 languages and dialects, of which 121 had prior to the formation of the "British and Foreign Bible Society never appeared. And 25 of these languages existed without an alphabet, in an oral form. Upward of forty-three millions of these copies of God's words are circulated among not less than six hundred million people. "What hath God wrought!" There is a Bible in the library of the University of Gottingen, written on 5,476 palm leaves.-N. Y. Com. Adv. STATISTICS OF RUSSIA. The Journal de la Statistique Universelle publishes the following table of the successive encroachments of Russia from the 14th century up to the year 1832. It is drawn up from communications by M. M. Schmitzler, Maltebrun; General Bem, and other statisticans: geographical miles. Population. 4,656 6,290,000 18,474 37,137 125,465 254,361 263,900 EMPIRE OF RUSSIA. ... 273,185 319,538 334,850 367,494 369,764 equal to all the small states of Germany; from Persia equal to the whole of England (U. Kingdom); from Poland equal to the whole Austrian Empire. A division of the population gives, 2,000,000 for the tribes of the Caucasus. 4,000,000 for the Cossacks, the Georgians and the Khirguiz. 5,000,000 for the Turks, the Mongos and the Tartars. 6,000,000 for the Ouralians, the Finlanders, and the Swedes. 20,000,000 for the Moscovites (of the Greek Church.) 23,000,000 for the Poles, (Roman and Greek Church United.) 60,000,000 The population of ancient Poland counts for two-fifths of the total population over an eighth part of the territory, and the Muscovite population for one third of the total number over the tenth of the territory; in other words, even at the present time the Polish elements is in a great majority as compared to all the others. THE ALAND ISLES.-These Islands form an archipelago, situate at the extremity of the Baltic, at the entrance of the Gulf of Finland. The group is composed of 7 islands occupying an area of 90 square kilometres, with a population of 15,000 inhabitants. The Island of Aland, properly speak ing, which has given its name to the Archipelago, is 9 leagues in length and 7 in breadth, and has a population of 10,000 inhabitants. The Russians have built the extensive fortress of Bomarsund, which is protected on the sea side by strong fortifications. It possesses a good roadstead, well sheltered, with a depth of 20, 30, and even 50 fathoms. In time of peace it is continually visited by the Russian fleet of evolution. The interior of the island is intersected by calcareous hills, and watered by a great number of rivulets, from which it derives its Scandinavian name of "Aland" (Country of Rivers.) Is coast is deeply indented, and offers excellent anchorage. The soil is fertile, and here and there are to be seen good pasture ground and forests of birch and pine. The inhabitants are mostly farmers and fishermen. The climate is wholesome, although rigorous in winter. The snow mel:s early, and the harbour freezes over late in the season, on account of the rapid current produced by the meeting of the waters of the Gulfs of Bothnia and Finland. Independently of Bomarsund, the Archipelago contains several other fortified places, the principal of which are in the Islands of Siguisklar and Prosto. The Islands of Aland are very important in a political and military point of view. They were wrested by Russia from Sweden in 1809, by the treaty of Frederikshamn, which secured to that power the remainder of Finland and Eastern Bothnia. Russia had already acquired the other part of Finland by the Treaty of Abo. The loss of that fine and rich province was a dreadful check to the Swedish power. PHYSICAL FEATURES OF JAPAN. The region of country near this anchorage is exceedingly fertile, and the black rich soil produces two crops annually; the wheat and barley are now almost ready to flower in aome places. The rice fields are draining, and will soon be ready to receive the shoots for here all the rice is transported. Wheat and barley are drilled and not sown broadacast and the vigorous grain shows the care bestowed on it. During the time we have been in this bay the climate has been very pleasant, a good medium between too hot and too cold snow resting on Mount Fusi and other high mountains, but never on the lowlands. This peak is considered about 14,000 feet high, and lies nearly due west of our ships raising its symmetrical cone far above every other point. The country is undulating in this vicinity, a succession of ravines, plateaux, valleys and ridges, affording room for forest lands as well as grain. Terraces are common, some of 16,000,000 which have cost great labour to dig them down. Oak, chesnut, maple, pines, firs, and other trees not recognized in their winter nakedness, are com20,000,000 mon but the abundence of the Camelia Japonica, growing 40 and 50 feet 25,000,000 high, and now lately covered with flowers, is the admiratien of all. The 33,000,000 Japanese furnished a large supply of them for the dinner table the other day. 56,000,000 The white Japonica is not so common, only one or two trees having been 60,000,000 met. The Pyrus Japonica also common, and peaches are now in full flower. I have seen specimens of the pine trees, the tops of phich were forced down and trained over a frame-work, leaving the trunk like the handle of an umbrella underneath this canopy of 30 feet width. The time on one was 20, on the other 30 years. A pine grafted on a fir was also shown me; and if this sinall village exhibits these horticultural curiosities, larger cities doubt 1725, at the accession of Catherine I 1762, at the accession of Catherine II. 1796, at the death of Catherine II.... 1825, at the death of Alexander I. 1831, at the taking of Warsaw.. That is to say, that during the last two centuries Russia has doubled her territory, and during the last 100 years has tripled her population; her conquests during 60 years, are equal to all she possessed in Europe before that period; her conquests from Sweden are greater than what remains of that kingdom; she has taken from the Tartars an extent equal to that of Turkey less furnish greater rarities. Many of the pines and other trees covering the hills are planted, and we have met farmers putting out saplings on steep hills, which otherwise we should never have suspected were not natural growth. This shows the great cost of fuel and the care taken to keep up a supply.-Extract from the Official Report MAPS, BOOKS AND SCHOOL REQUISITES BY EXPRESS. VICKER'S NORTHERN EXPRESS Between Toronto, Barrie, Collingwood and Orillia. FOR the conveyance of Money, Packages, Maps, Books, School Requisites, Collections and all Express matter, Also, Attending to a General Forwarding and Commission business. An Express will leave Toronto on MONDAY, WEDNESDAY and FRIDAY, connecting at Toronto with Expresses to all parts of Canada, United States and Europe. Packages, &c., left at the Office of the American Express Company, Toronto Street, or British North American Express Company, Front Street, will receive despatch. These maps in connection with their other general features, present the Geological Formation of the World, its Oceanic Currents, Atmospheric Changes, Isothermal Lines, Vertical Dimensions, Distribution of Rain, Electric, Magnetic, Volcanic, and Atmospheric Phenomena, &c., &c., in a manner so simple and beautiful as to be easily taught and comprehended. JOHNSTON'S Maps beautifully engraved and colored, consisting of the two Hemispheres, Europe, Asia, and Africa, &c., 11s. 10 each. CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY Maps. Size- -a 15s. each, world 17s. 6d.) CHAMBERS' series of Maps, 15s. each, (World 17s. 6d.) NATIONAL series of Maps, 15s. each, (World 178. 6d.) Apparatus and Cabinets for Common Schools. 1. Holbrook's Box of Philosophical Apparatus, with improvements 5 10 0 2. Do. do. Geological Specimens, 30...... 3. Varty's 4. Do. do. do. do. do. 96 (large) 144 (small) 0 10 2 13 0 2 15 3 0 0 Board of Trustees, 6. Do. do Showing the Natural History of the Silkworm. 0 7. Do. do 8. Do. do 7 Bee..... 0 7 Wasp... 0 7 LASSICAL MAPS, FOR GRAMMAR SCHOOLS &c., as follows:NATIONAL: Orbis Veteribus Notus, Italia Antiqua, Græcia Antiqua. Size 5 feet 8 inches by 4 feet 4 inches, 15s. each. Asia Minor, Vel Antiqua, and Terra Sancta, 4: 4 x 2: 10 a 8s. 9d. JOHNSTON'S: Same as National. Size 4 feet 2 inches by 3 feet 2 inches, a 118. 10 each. Scripture Maps of various sorts and of different prices. THE Ditto ditto ditto. NEW MAP OF CANADA. HE EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT having recently prepared a new and accurate MAP of BRITISH AMERICA, according to the latest Parliamentary divisions and corrections, the following copies have been ordered for the Schools in the Counties referred to: Middlesex (reported by the County Clerk as purchased) 200 The size of the Maps is 3 feet by 2 feet 6 inches. Price 5s. 74d. per single copy, or 5s. for any quantity over fifty copies. It is also the intention of the Department to have this corrected Map of British America published in the National Series and in Johnston's Series, and of the same dimensions, in the course of the autumn. The price, size, and style, will be the same as are now the maps of either series. Parties are cautioned against purchasing any copies of the new Map of Canada recently published in New York, except those issued by this department, as an inferior and incorrect edition is in circulation, and for sale by agents. MAPS OF CANADA, GLOBES, & APPARATUS. 5. Do. Cabinet of Natural Objects.. 0900686 061 050 Six Lesson Sheets and Tablets for 1s. 3d. The following is an excellent series for mounting on pasteboard, &c., and hanging up in a school house. Size of each sheet about two feet square. Price for the entire series in Sheets, 1s. 3d., as follows: 1. What every child ought to be, and what every child ought not to be arranged in alphabetical order, with Scriptural references. 2. Plain instructions for children in day schools. 3. Plain Rules to be observed in case of accidents, &c. 4. The Ten Commandments, arranged on parallel tables. 5. The Lord's Prayer, in large type. 6. General Rules to be observed by Children in Common Schools. School Apparatus, Globes, Tablet Lessons, Object Lessons, Prints, Historical and Geological Charts, Lesson Sheets, Diagrams of the Steam Engine, &c., in great variety. FOR SALE at the Depository in connection with the Education Office, Telegraph, Gas Works, Glass Works, Iron Furnace, Chemical Tables, &c., Maps-Canvas, Rollers and Varnished. £ 8. d. 1. Bouchette's Map of British North America with latest County divisions, statistics, &c. 7 ft. 6 in., by 4 ft. 3 in.... 2. A new Map of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, with latest County divisions, coloured 3 ft. by 2 ft. 6 in... 3. Outline Map of British America, with names of Counties, 2 ft. 4 in. by 1 ft. 10 in.... 4. Smith's Map of Upper Canada, with names of Counties, Cities, Towns, Villages, &c., (engraved on copper,) 2 ft. by 1 ft. 6. in.... ADVERTISEMENTS inserted in the Journal of Education for one halfpenny per word, which may be remitted in postage stamps, or otherwise. TERMS: For a single copy of the Journal of Education, 5s. per annum; back vols. neatly stitched, supplied on the same terms. All subscriptions to commence with the January number, and payment in advance must in all cases accompany the order. Single numbers, 74d. each. ** All communications to be addressed to Mr. J. GEORGE HODGINS, Education Office, Toronto. TORONTO: Printed by LOVELL & GIBSON, Corner of Yonge and Melinda Streets. I. Remarks on the character and management of Public Libraries 141 volumes, mentioned under each head in Brunet's Manual. Experience II. Victoria as a Queen, a Wife and a Mother... III. The Classics as a groundwork. IV. School preparation and attendance.. V. The Peoples Colleges... 144 145 146 147 VI. EDITORIAL.-Educational progress in Upper Canada-1853..... 148 VII. MISCELLANEOUS.-1. Christ blessing little children (Poetry). 2. Salaries and Services. 3. How a house is made. 4. The ruling passion strong in death. 5. The Bible. 6. Teach the greatest number. 7. Importance of primary schools. 8. The London inns of Court. 9. Successful men, their energy. 10. Guide posts for boys. 11. Anecdote of Pitt. 12. Don't overtask the young brain... VIII. EDUCATIONAL INTELLIGENCE-1. Canada Monthly Summary. 2. County of Elgin, Teachers' Association. 3. British and Foreign Monthly Summary. 4. United States Monthly Sum mary.. 150 152 INTERESTING AND VALUABLE REMARKS ON THE CHARACTER AND MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES. From Papworth's "Museums, Libraries and Picture Galleries." In determining the general division of books, many circumstances render desirable the adoption of that prefixed to Brunet's "Manuel du Libraire," &c. 8vo. Paris, 1844, of which the principal features of each subject are alone extracted on the present occasion. Each branch should have its history, mode of study, theory, dictionaries, and general treatises prefixed viz: I. Theology.-a. Bible, 647 works. b. Liturgies, 112. c. Councils, 40. d. Fathers, 344. e. Systematic Theology, 992. f. Singular opinions, 75. g. Judaism, 15. h. Oriental superstitions, 38. Freethinking, 50. II. Jurisprudence.-a. Natural and social law, 10. b. Political law, 12. c. Civil and criminal law, 742. d. Ecclesiastical law, 130. III. Sciences and Arts.-a. Philosophical sciences, 900. b. Physics and chemistry, 262. c. Natural sciences, 20-1. d. Medical sciences, 1259. e. Mathematics, 1100. f. Occult philosophy, 178. g. Fine arts, 1179. h. Mechanical arts and trades, 89. i. Gymnastics, 171. k. Games, 36. IV. Belles Lettres.-a. Philology, 1495. b. Rhetoric, 220. C. Poetry, 4711. d. Prose fictions, 1173. e. Criticism, 509. f. Dialogues, 36. g. Epistles, 273. h. Polygraphists, 453. Collections and extracts, 116. i. V. History.-a. Prolegomena, 1866. b. Universal, ancient and modern history, 71. c. History of religion and superstition, 1341. d. Ancient history, 335. e. Modern history, 5705. f. Archæology, 3122. VI. Encyclopædias, journals, reviews, &c. has shewn, in a library of more than 10,000 volumes, that they averaged 2 volumes to a single work or title. Each member of the Library Committee should give, in addition to his general duties, his attention to the formation or perfection of that branch of these divisions with which taste, opportunity, or education may have made him well acquainted. In determining the probable extent of the accommodation to be provided for each branch of whatever division of the books may be adopted, the great point is to decide what is to be the general or particular object of the library in question, public or private; and if public, whether it is to be accompanied by a reading room, or whether the books are ever to leave the building, i. e., to be a lending librarys Libraries are not storehouses merely, but should be the fittest placeof study, in which the overawing abundance of literary resources and of applicants for them, must secure that precision of working, and attention to the public, both in matter and form, which can never be attained in the secluded study of the German author, or in the turmoil of a French café. Of course the greater the accessibility to a reader, the more restriction will there be as to the books in a library; the regulations as to the admission of books, require notice at some length. The recommendation to the librarian ought to carry some weight; it is always desirable to have a register for the titles of books that are wanted by the readers, with the understanding that they will be recommended for purchase, if a certain number of persons ask for them; sometimes a number, two, five, or ten, &c. if fixed beforehand in proportion to the extent of the library, will give a desirable freedom of choice. Public libraries, to be successful, should be well supplied with new books, and this causes a difficulty in preventing the reading room from becoming a sort of club, which it ought not to be. The librarian may give every facility to those who want to acquire information or to improve themselves, but the reading room ought not to be merely a saloon to which people could go and spend five or six hours at leisure with the first book whose title they may remember; the setting apart therefore a room for reading periodicals, such as literary and scientific journals, &c., is a really grave question, and is not here recommended; the general reading room, if supplied like those of the British Museum and Bibliothéque Nationale at Paris, with dictionaries of all sorts, the best editions and translations of classic authors and principal polygraphists, the elementary and general treatises upon the arts and sciences, the best works upon ancient and modern history both general and particular, topographical works, the principal voyages, the accademic collections, the blue books, and a gazette or annual register, with a few of the literary and scientific journals-will always be sufficiently amusing for a lounger in a public library; such a reading room nearly a representation of the library; which ought to possess those large collections, such as memoirs of foreign societies, laws, &c., not is |