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made vice-admiral and knighted. As he was unable to obtain an independent command he resigned from the Russian service. He was appointed consul of the United States at Algiers in 1792, but he died before the commission reached him. On his death in Paris, July 18, 1792, the National Assembly decreed him a public funeral.

Jones, JOHN PERCIVAL, United States Senator; born in Hay, Wales, in 1830; came to the United States while a child; removed to California in 1849; served several terms in the State legislature. Mr. Jones removed to Nevada in 1867, and was elected to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1873, and several times re-elected. Originally a Republican, he was one of the founders of the "Silver" Republican party, which acted with the Democratic party in the campaigns of 1896 and 1900.

Jones, JOHN WINSTON; born in Chesterfield, Va., Nov. 22, 1791; graduated at William and Mary College in 1803; elected to Congress in 1835; served until March, 1845; during his last term he was speaker of the House. He died Jan. 29, 1848.

Jones, JOSEPH, jurist; born in Virginia in 1727; elected a member of the House of Burgesses; to the Continental Congress in 1778; also to the convention of 1778; in 1778 he was appointed judge of the general court of Virginia; resigned in 1779, but accepted a reappointment the same year. He died at his home in Virginia, Oct. 28, 1805.

Jones, LEONARD AUGUSTUS, author; born in Templeton, Mass., Jan. 13, 1832; graduated at Harvard College in 1855, and at its Law School in 1858; began practice in Boston. His publications include A Treatise on the Law of Mortgages of Real Property; A Treatise on the Law of Railroads and Other Corporate Securities; Pledges, including Collateral Securities; An Index to Legal Periodical Literature, etc.

Jones, MARCUS EUGENE, scientist; born in Jefferson, O., April 25, 1852; graduated at Iowa College, in 1875; instructor there in 1876-77; Professor of Natural Science in Colorado College in 1879-80; the same in Salt Lake City in 1880-81. He was appointed a special expert in the

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known as "Sam Jones," he has engaged ATLANTA (q. v.), on the night of Aug. 25, extensively in evangelistic work and in 1864. General Slocum, with the 20th lecturing, in all parts of the United Corps, proceeded to the protection of the States. His publications include Sermons sick, wounded, and stores near the Chattaand Sayings by Sam Jones; Music Hall hoochee, and Howard and the rest of the Sermons; Quit Your Meanness; St. Louis army moved for the West Point Railway. Series; Sam Jones's Own Book; and General Stanley's corps was on the exThunderbolts. treme left, and the armies of Howard, Jones, THOMAS, lawyer; born in Fort Thomas, and Schofield pressed forward so Neck, L. I., April 30, 1731; graduated secretly that Hood was not informed of at Yale in 1750; admitted to the bar of the movement until the Nationals were deNew York in 1755, and practised in New stroying that road. This was done, Aug. York; was recorder of New York City 28, for 12 miles, and the next day they in 1769-73, when he was appointed judge struck the Macon road. Schofield reached of the Supreme Court. He was arrested the road at Rough-and-Ready Station, 10 a number of times as a loyalist, and was miles from Atlanta. Thomas struck it at exchanged for General Silliman in 1780; Couch's; and Howard, crossing the Flint went to England in 1781; was included River half a mile from Jonesboro, apin the New York State act of attainder proached it at that point. There he was in 1782. His estate on Long Island, met by one-half of Hood's army, under Tryon Hall, descended to his daughter, Hardee. With the remainder Hood was who had married Richard Floyd, upon holding the defences of Atlanta, but he condition that the name Jones be added to that of Floyd. The estate is still in the Floyd-Jones family. Judge Jones wrote a History of New York During the Revolutionary War, a valuable contribution to history, as it is the only one from the view-point of a loyalist who participated in the events of that time. He died in England, July 25, 1792.

Jones, THOMAS AP CATESBY, naval officer; born in Virginia, in 1789; entered the navy in 1805. From 1808 to 1812 he was engaged in the Gulf of Mexico in the suppression of piracy, smuggling, and the slave-trade. He fought the British flotilla on Lake Borgne late in 1814, when he was wounded and made captive. He commanded the Pacific squadron in 1842. He died in Georgetown, D. C., May 30, 1858.

Jones, WILLIAM; born in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1760; served throughout the Revolutionary War, at first in the army and later in the navy; elected to Congress in 1801; appointed Secretary of the Navy in 1813. He died in Bethlehem, Pa., Sept. 5, 1831.

Jones, WILLIAM ALFRED; born in New York City, June 26, 1817; graduated at Columbia College in 1836; appointed librarian of Columbia College in 1851. He is the author of The Library of Columbia College; The First Century of Columbia College, etc.

was too weak to attempt to strike Schofield. There was a severe fight at the passage of the Flint River, on the morning of Aug. 31, between the forces of Howard and Hardee. Howard's army was disposed with Blair's corps in the centre, and rude breast works were cast up. The contest was renewed very soon, when Hardee attempted to crush Howard before he could receive reinforcements. He failed. The Nationals thus attacked were veterans. For two hours there was a desperate strife for victory, which was won by Howard. Hardee recoiled, and in his hasty retreat left 400 of his dead on the field and 300 of his badly wounded at Jonesboro. His loss was estimated at 2.500 men. Howard's loss was about 500. Meanwhile Sherman had sent relief to Howard. Kilpatrick and Garrard were very active, and General Davis's corps soon touched Howard's left. At four o'clock in the afternoon Davis charged and carried the Confederate works covering Jonesboro on the north, and captured General Govan and a greater part of his brigade. In the morning Hardee had fled, pursued by the Nationals to Lovejoy's.

Jordan, DAVID STARR, educator; born in Gainesville, N. Y., Jan. 19, 1851; graduated at Cornell University in 1872; and at the Indiana Medical College in Jonesboro, Battle at. Sherman began 1875. He was Professor of Biology in Buthis flanking when he raised the siege of ler University, Indiana, in 1875-79; held

the same chair in Indiana University in 1879-85; and was president there in 188591. In the latter year he was elected president of the Leland Stanford, Jr., University. Since 1877 he has held several appointments under the United States government in connection with the fisheries and the fur-seal industry. He is author of A Manual of Vertebrate Animals of Northern United States; Science Sketches; Fisheries of North and Middle America; Factors of Organic Evolution; Matka and Kotik; Care and Culture of Men; The Innumerable Company; and many papers on ichthyology.

Jordan, JOHN WOOLF, antiquarian; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Sept. 14, 1840; graduated at Nazareth Hall in 1856; became editor of the Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. He is the author of Friedensthal and Its Stockaded Mill; A Moravian Chronicle, 1749-67; Bethlehem During the Revolution; The Military Hospitals at Bethlehem and Lititz During the Revolution; Occupation of New York by the British, 1775-83, etc.

In

exploit he was given command of the Montgomery. On July 16, 1862, he was promoted to lieutenant-commander. 1864 when the entrance to Mobile Bay was forced he took a conspicuous part. In 1866 he was promoted commander; in 1874, captain; in 1883, commodore; in 1886, rear-admiral; and in 1890 was retired. He had charge of the operations on the Isthmus of Panama in 1885 and succeeded in obtaining a free transit across the isthmus and in restoring peace between the rebels and the government of Colombia, for which he was thanked by the President of that country. Congress voted him full pay for life.

Journal of Congress, the official name of the authorized record of the proceedings of the Congress of the United States; has regularly been kept and published from the first meeting of the Continental Congress at Philadelphia, September, 1774.

Joutel, HENRY, explorer; born in Rouen, France, in the seventeenth century; took part in La Salle's expedition; built Fort St. Louis, and was made its commander; escaped assassination at the time La Salle was killed; and later returned to France by way of the Great Lakes and the St.

the La Salle Expedition, which was published in Paris in 1713.

Jordan, THOMAS, military officer; born in Luray, Va., Sept. 30, 1819; graduated at West Point in 1840; took part in the Seminole War, and in the war with Lawrence River. He wrote a History of Mexico; he entered the Confederate army in 1861 as lieutenant-colonel, but was made adjutant - general; served on the staff of General Beauregard, and on that of General Bragg. In 1869 he joined the Cuban insurgents, but resigned the next year and returned to the United States.

Josselyn, JOHN, author; born in England early in the seventeenth century; travelled in America in 1638-39 and 166371. He is the author of New England's Rarities Discovered; An Account of Two Voyages to New England, etc.

Jouett, JAMES EDWARD, naval officer; born in Lexington, Ky., Feb. 27, 1828. He entered the navy as midshipman in 1841; fought in the war with Mexico, and graduated at the United States Naval Academy in 1847. He went with the expedition to Paraguay and served in the Berriby war. Later he was promoted passed midshipman and in 1855 became master and lieutenant. In 1861 he destroyed the Confederate war vessel Royal Yacht, in Galveston Harbor, while in command of the frigate Santee. For this

Juarez, BENITO PABLO, statesman; born in San Pablo Guelatao, Oaxaca, Mexico, March 21, 1806; was descended from the ancient Indian race. Well educated, he gained distinction as a lawyer. He was a legislator, and was governor of his native state from 1848 to 1852. Banished by Santa Ana in 1853, he lived in New Orleans until 1855, when he returned, and became minister of justice. Experiencing the vicissitudes of public life in that country, he was elected President of Mexico in June, 1861. Then came the French usurpation and the short-lived empire of MAXIMILIAN (q. v.). He defeated the imperial forces in 1867 and caused the Emperor to be shot. In October Juarez was re-elected President, and for five years Mexico was distracted by revolutions. Peace was restored in 1872, but Juarez, then President, worn down with perplexities, died of apoplexy in the city of Mexico, July 18 of that year. Judaism. See JEWS.

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