Constitutional Convention of 1878-9, move-
ments towards, IV, 446, 529; act of 1876 sub-
mitting question of, to vote, 575; Governor
Irwin's large part in bringing about, 583; vote
for, and act of 1878 for calling, 586; election of
delegates, 612-614; meeting at Sacramento in
September, 1878, and character of delegates,
615, 616.

Proceedings and work of (for particulars,
see Contents, IV, xxxviii), 615-640; act of
1880 for publication of debates, 652.
Constitution of 1849, how adopted, II, 774:
election to ratify, printing and distribution
of, 775; excellence, ratification and proclama-
tion of, 783-785; changes proposed in 1856,
III, 557, 558; Governor McDougal for amend-
ing, IV, 84; Governor Bigler for amending,
117, 139, 177, 178; Governor Johnson for
amending, 197; amendment of, in 1856, 197;
question of constitutional convention in 1857,
1858 and 1860, 198, 231, 254; Governor Downey
favors constitution of 1849 with very few
amendments, 275; amendments of 1862, 298,
299, 339, 340; proposed amendments, 501, 529,
567; amendment of 1871, 646.

Constitution of 1879, regarded in advance as
panacea for all ills, IV, 583; election and rati-
fication of, vote for and against, 638, 639; com-
parison with old, 639, 640; important provi-
sions of old, left out of new, 646; proposed
amendments in 1880 and 1881, 651, 658; effect
of provisions of, on legislature of 1881, and
William H. Parks, speaker of assembly's,
opinion about, 661-663; effect in increasing
expenditures, 665; Governor Perkins on, 666;
amendments proposed in 1884, 681; amend-
ments of 1884, 687; amendments of 1885, 690,
691; amendments proposed in 1886, 703;
"Heath amendment," and its defeat, 703, 705;
numerous proposed amendments of 1887, 716.
Constitution of United States-see United
States Constitution.

Constitution, United States frigate, in North
Pacific in 1846, II, 457-

Consuls of foreign governments in San Fran-
cisco in 1853, III, 412.

Contra Costa County, originally called Mount
Diablo, II, 793. 794-

Contra Costa mountains, II, 536.

Contract and Finance Company, IV, 492, 493;
Governor Booth's remarks about, 501.
Contract system of mining at Soulsbyville, III,

132.

Contradanza, II, 507.

Contreras, battle of, II, 648.

Conventions-see Politics.

Convents for education of clergy proposed by
Governor Echeandia, II, 97.

Converse, Charles P., arrested and imprisoned
by assembly of 1873-4. IV, 530.
Conveyances, act of 1850 concerning, II, 800.
Conway homicide at Coulterville, III, 711.
Cook, Captain James, voyages, I, 670-674.
Cooke, Martin E., state senator in 1851, advo-
cate of Mariano G. Vallejo's projects, IV, 73;
against fugitive slave law and negroes, 98.
Cooke, Philip St. John, lieutenant in command

of Mormon battalion in 1847, II, 629; return
to Eastern states, 639.

Cook, Grove C., arrival in 1841, II, 331.
Cook, John, assemblyman in 1851, move against
smoking and chewing in legislative sessions,
IV, 78, 79.

Cooley, George, law agent of land commis-
sion in 1852. III, 695.

Coombes, Nathan, arrival in 1843. II, 332; em-
ployed by Stephen Smith at Bodega in 1843,
376.

Cooney, John, cautioned by San Francisco
vigilance committee of 1856, III, 530; arrested
and sent out of state, 616.

Coon, Henry P., police judge of San Francisco
in 1856, III, 654; decision of charges against
David C. Broderick and David S. Terry for
intending to fight a duel, IV, 226; mayor of
San Francisco in 1864, action in compromise
with Central Pacific Railroad Company, 471.
Coon Hollow, name of mining camp, II, 736.
Cooper, Charles H., associate of Isaac Gra-
ham, arrested and sent to Mexico in 1840, II,
273.

Cooper, Ellwood, president of state board of
horticulture, and the good he accomplished,
IV, 676.

Cooper, John Rogers, arrival in 1823, II, 72; em-
ployment as trader by government, 73; Gov-
ernor Victoria's abusive statements about,
in 1831, 136, 137.

Copart, Father, Indian vocabulary, I, 168.
Copeland, Alexander, employed by Stephen
Smith at Bodega in 1843, II, 376.

Copinger, John, arrival, and story about, II,
276, 277.

Copper ores, II, 549, 55o, IV, 466.
Cora, Belle, III, 471, 473, 474.515.

Cora, Charles, murder of William H. Richard-
son by, in 1855, III, 471; money and counsel
for his defense, 473, 474; trial, 474, 475; seiz-
ure by San Francisco vigilance committee
of 1856, 507, 508; incarceration, 510, 511; trial
by committee and sentence, 511-513; marriage
with Belle Cora, 515; execution, funeral, and
monument, 518.

Coras, Indians of Lower California, I, 156-244,
267-269.

Córdoba, Alberto de, "ingeniero estraordi-
nario" and his labors in California, 1, 575-
580.

Cordonazos de San Francisco, I, 204, 205.
Cordua, Theodor, arrival in 1841, 1, 331;
settlement at New Mecklenburg, 735.

Corinth, battle of in Civil war, IV, 319.
Cormorants, II, 566.

Corn-see Maize.

Cornell watch factory and William C. Ralston's
connection with, IV, 553.

Cornwall, William A.. secretary of senate of
1855, assault on Charles A. Tuttle, removal
from office, and claims for extra pay, IV,
198.
Corona, José Maria, judge at Tepic, Mexico,
discharges Stephen Smith from false accusa-
tions of Henry Kirby in 1845. II, 377.
Coronado, Francisco Vasquez de, expedition
of, 1, 67-69.

Coronel, Antonio, II, 351, 578.
Corothers, Anderson & Co.'s banking house,
III, 443-

Corporations, considered in constitutional con-
vention of 1849, II, 765; statutes of 1850 con-
cerning, 800; Governor Downey's views on,
IV, 275; Governor Booth on, 501; Governor
Pacheco on, 538; Governor Irwin on, 568;
act of 1878 imposing tax or issue or transfer
of stock of, 591; considered in constitutional
convention of 1878-9, 628, 629, 633; inquiries
about, 634; propositions in legislature of 1880,
649; Governor Bartlett on, 711; accumulative
voting, 713.

Corral, Ponciano, military leader in Nicaragua
at time of William Walker's filibuster expe-
dition, II. 770, 771; action as leader of Le-
gitimist party, 774-779; arrested by Walker,
tried, convicted and executed, 781, 782.
Corrales, José, hanged under legal sentence at
Sonora in 1852, III, 294.

Corte de Madera, how Luis Antonio Argüello
brought timber from, to San Francisco, II,
51-53.

Cortelyou, John A., follower of Henry A. Crabb
in Sonora, III, 811.

Cortereal, Gaspar, I, 125.

Cortés, Father Juan, I, 485.

Cortés, Hernando, connection with California
(for particulars, see Contents, I, ix, x), 37-54,
64-66.

Cortés, Gulf of-see Gulf of California.

Cosby, John D., state senator in 1856, IV,

190.

"Cosmopolitan Company," its colonization
scheme, II, 190-201.

Cosmopolitanism of San Francisco, III, 403, 404.
Costans, Miguel, engineer, sails for California,

1,309; on search for Monterey, 318; second
journey in search of Monterey, 329.
Costumes, of Indian "hioh" of Point Reyes in
Drake's time, I, 91; Alexander Selkirk on
Juan Fernandez in 1709, 103; Sebastian Vis-
caino, 139; Indian women in Lower Califor-
nia, 269; St. Francis, 293, 294; Junipero
Serra, 449; "soldados de cuera," 515, 636.

Dresses at Monterey ball in 1815, 639;
Yankee ship's captain in 1816, 645 of In-
dians, 786, 789; female Indian Robinson
Crusoe on San Nicolas Island, 796; Pedro
Angulo, captain of Spanish brig Aquila, II,
69; Dr. Robert Semple as Bear Flag man,
448, 449; Fremont in 1846, 449; gentleman
in old California times, 487, 488; Don Tomas
Yorba, 489; ladies in old California times,
490, 491; lower-class Californians, 505.

Of typical miner of 1849, 735, III, 46; of
miner who would not make a "nigger" of
himself, 172; of old San Francisco firemen,
365; of Charles Cora on his arraignment for
murder of Richardson, 474; of Broderick
and Terry at duel, IV, 226, 227.
Cosumnes Indians, I, 765; II, 64.

Cosumnes river, III, 45; called also Mocosme,
81; its mouth, 109.

Cota, Francisco, administrator of Santa Bar-
bara mission in 1839, H, 298.

Cota, Pablo, sergeant, services at Purisima
mission, 1, 457, 458; at San Fernando, 484;
at Santa Inéz, 491.

Cotter, John, San Francisco alderman, duel
with John Nugent, IV, 220, 221.
Cotton at missions in 1834, II, 207.
Cougars, II, 561.

Coulterville, mining town, III, 112, 135.

Counties, division of state into, and their
names, II, 793-797; officers and elections of,
997; government act of 1880, IV, 655; act of
1880 declared unconstitutional, 658; act of
1883, 676.

Courts-see Judicial Department.
Covarrubias, José Maria, commissioner to
Lower California in 1845, II, 358; commis-
sioner to Mexico, 394, 395; estimate of ex-
penses of public ball at Los Angeles in 1845,
508; appointed by Pio Pico secretary of
state in July, 1846, 577; in constitutional
convention of 1849, 770; judge of superior
tribunal of justice in 1849, 777; in legislature
of 1853, III, 722.

Covillaud, Charles, and how Marysville was
named after his wife, II, 735.
Cow-boys, III, 879-881.

Cowden, D. H., in constitutional convention of
1878-9, IV, 638.

Cowdery, John F., speaker of assembly in 1880,
IV, 651.

Cowie, Thomas, murder and mutilation of, in
1846, II, 442.

Cows in California in 1853, IV, 133.
Coyote-hole mining, III, 64, 65.
Coyoteville near Nevada City, III, 65.
Coz, Father Miguel de la Campa, I, 312, 313;
temporary president of missions of Lower
California in 1873, 364; in Alta California, 364;
on voyage of Bruno de Heceta in 1775, 367,

393.

Crabb, Henry A., early career, III, 806; visit to
and designs upon Nicaragua, 807; filibuster
expedition against Sonora, his failure and ex-
ecution at Cavorca (for particulars, see Con-
tents, II!, xxxvi), 807-814; state assemblyman
in 1852, IV, 81, 97, 98; action in regard to
state capital at Vallejo, 114; state senator in
1853, 131; action in 1854 on charges against
Joseph C. Palmer, 148; candidate for United
States senate in 1856, 185; also in 1857, 206.
Crabs, II, 567.

Cradle, miner's-see Rocker.

Crandall, Jared B., stagecoach proprietor and
driver in 1850, III, 334.

Crane, A. M., state senator in 1864, proposed
anti-railroad legislation, IV, 468.

Crane, William W., Republican nominee for
state senator in 1878, defeated by sand-lots
candidate John W. Bones, IV, 610.
Crary, O. B., part in San Francisco vigilance
committee of 1856, III, 626.

Creaner, Charles M., judge of tenth district
court, resident of Sonora, III, 126; with-
stands a crowd of lynchers in 1850, 283; char-
acter, 292; in juxtaposition with Benjamin
F. Moore, 293; capital sentences by, 294, 296;
leave of absence to, IV, 131.

Credit Mobilier in connection with Union Pa-
cific Railroad Company, IV, 492.

Cremony, John C., captain in California Col-
umn, in service in Civil war, IV, 327.
Crescent City, II, 539; tides at, 540; Laura Vir-
ginia and other schooners at, in 1850, III, 834-
Crescent Engine Company No. 10 of San Fran-
cisco, III, 518.

Crescent Mills, mining camp, III, 82, 102.
Crespi, Father Juan, journey to California, 1,
311; on expedition in search of Monterey,
that discovered San Francisco bay in 1769,
318; devoted to Junipero Serra, 323; second
search for Monterey, 329; at site of San An-
tonio mission in 1769, 339, 340; names Jesus
de Temblores river, now Santa Ana, 342; at
site of San Luis Obispo, 346; named to ac-
company Bruno de Hecata in 1774, 366; his
account of discovery of San Francisco bay,
383, 387; last visit to San Francisco, death
and honors paid him, 420-422.
Crevicing in mining, III, 48.

Crigler, J. C., assemblyman in 1870, IV, 438.
Crime and criminals, influx of, in 1849-50, III,
175, 176; in San Francisco just previous to
vigilance committee of 1856, 460-492.
Crimes and punishments, and criminal prac-
tice, acts of 1850, II, 800; practice act of 1851,
IV, 67; constitution of 1879, as to prosecutions
by information, 631.
Criminals sent up from Guanajuato in Mexico,
I, 582.

Crittenden, Alexander P., friend of David S.
Terry, III, 580, 586, 589; connection with Wil-
liam Walker's seizure of Nicaragua Accessory
Transit Company in 1856, 786, 787; assembly-
man in 1850, IV, 90; candidate for United
States senator in 1857, 203; how and why
killed by Laura D. Fair, and verdict of public
opinion, 515, 516.

Crittenden, John J., of Kentucky, plan to save
Union by compromise in 1861, IV, 278.
Crocker, C. & Co.-see C. Crocker & Co.

Dalton, Henry, II, 412.
Dampier, William, I, 102.

Dana, Richard H., account of Californian In-
dians, 1, 743, 744, 799; his "Two Years before
the Mast," II, 289-291; account of Native Cal-
ifornians, 471, 472, 491, 492; of the mission-
aries, 512.

Dana, William G., marriage and naturaliza-
tion in 1828, II, 100; death, and children, 470;
youches for Jedediah S. Smith, 101; arrival
in 1827, 278.

Dancing, at Monterey in 1815, I, 639; among
Indians, 762-766; among old Californians, II,
505-508; saloons at Sonora, III, 128; balls with-
out females, 185, 186.

Daniels, Joseph, IV, 122.

Daniels, William, candidate for vice-president
of United States, IV, 686.

Danskin, George, boy, drowned in Mad river
in 1862, while pursued by Indians, III, 926,
928.

Danskin, Mrs., killed by Indians on Mad river
in 1862, III, 926.

Danti, Father Antonio, arrival in 1790, 1, 460;
surveys for missions, 476, 479; expeditions
against Indians, 564.

Daubenbiss, John, employed by Stephen Smith
at Bodega in 1843, II, 376; grantee of Bassett
land claim, III, 700.

"Dave," Modoc Indian, III, 978.

David, Jules, part in San Francisco vigilance
committee of 1856, III, 562, 565, 607, 608, 610,
626, 633, 642.

Davidson, B., banking house of, III, 443
Davidson, J. B., lieutenant, II, 427; with Gen-
eral Kearny, 612; at battle of San Pasqual,
614.
Davidson, John P, charged with being a miser,
III, 197.

Davidson, Mount, in Nevada, III, 157.
Davis, Charles H., in command of United

States sloop-of-war St. Marys, rescues Wil-
liam Walker from Nicaraguan allies in 1857,
III, 802, 803.

Davis, Henry L., part in first cable railroad in
San Francisco, IV, 521.

Davis, Horace, congressman in 1877, IV, 577;

and in 1880, 645; "boycotting" resolutions of,
in Anti-Chinese state convention of 1886, 702.
Davis, Isaac, at Sandwich Islands in 1790, I,
699.

Davis, Jefferson C., United States colonel, in
command of department of the Columbia
aiter General Canby's death, infuses new life
into Modoc war, III, 974; how he finished the
war, 974-976; approves sentence of court-
martial for hanging of Captain Jack and
other Modocs, 978; refusal to deliver prison-
ers to Oregon authorities, 989.
Davis, Jefferson, United States senator from
Mississippi, views on Clay's compromise
measures of 1850, II, 814; protests against ad-
mission of California into Union, 821, 822;
United States secretary of war in 1853, con-
nection with William Walker, III, 761; on
Californian Indian war claims, IV, 186; presi-
dent of Confederacy in Civil war, 306, 314,
343; strategy against General Sherman in
Georgia, and result, 383; arrest of, after Ap-
pomattox, and release, 392, 393-

Davis, John C., arrival in 1839, II, 281.
Davis, Leven, killed at Holden's Garden in
1851, III, 284.

Davis, William H., arrival in 1838, II, 280; con-
nection with San Francisco ayuntamiento
sale of town lots in 1849, III, 389..
Dawson, James arrival in 1838, II, 280; part-
nership with Edward M. McIntosh, and how
48 VOL. IV.

he dissolved it, 277; rip-saw and saw-pits,
-77, 367.

Dawson, Rev., in mines in 1849, III, 167.
Day, John G., vice-president of Workingmen's
party, IV, 600; arrest of, 605; letter to Mayor
Bryant, 605, 606; discharge, re-arrest and re-
discharge, 606.

Daylor, William, discovers gold at site of
Placerville in 1848, III, 7.

Dayton William L.,candidate for United States
vice-president in 1856, IV, 193.

Dead Chinamen, IV, 100.

Dead rivers, III, 146-149.

Deaf, Dumb and Blind, Governor Low on, IV,
373; Governor Haight on, 444; act of 1885 for
industrial home of adult blind, 691.
"Deals" in mining stock, IV, 542, 543.
Death valley, II, 537-

Débris, quantity and effect of, III, 82, 83, 269;
conflict in reference to, 269; in legislature of
1875-6, IV, 574; act of 1878 creating office of
state engineer, 589, 590; special commission
of 1878 on subject, 590; Governor Perkins on,
649; drainage act of 1880, 652; Perkins' spe-
cial message on, 660, 661; efforts in 1881 to
repeal drainage act, act declared unconstitu-
tional, 661; Perkins' reasons for signing act,
665, 666.

Debt and financial condition of state, invalid
debt in 1857 ordered paid, III, 658-660; accu-
mulation of debts, 660, 661; debt in 1860, 661;
Governor McDougal on, in 1851, IV, 86; Bigler
on, in 1853, 116, 117; in 1854, 137; in 1856, 230,
231; Johnson on, in 1858, 231; Downey on, in
1861, 274; in 1863, 330; Stanford on, 366, 367;
Low on, 372; in 1865, 396; in 1867, 404; Haight
on, 426; Booth on, 524, 525; Pacheco on,
538; Irwin on, 567, 568; in 1877, 583; in 1880,
646; Perkins on, in 1883, 665; Stoneman on,
in 1885, 687; in 1887, 706; Bartlett on, 711.
Debtors, statute for relief of imprisoned, II, 800.
Deck, Auguste, estate of, and Governor Bigler's
recommendations, IV, 157.

Declaration of independence of California-see
Independence.

Deer, II, 562.

"Defensores de la Independencia y de las
leyes" of 1845, II, 391, 392, 459, 578.
"Defensores de la Patria" of 1844, II, 342.
Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, I, 103.

De Haro, Francisco, old resident of San Fran-
cisco, II, 78, 110; substitute member of terri-
torial deputation in 1830, 123; member in
1833, 180; alcalde of San Francisco in 1835,
203, 204; clerk of major-domo of Mission
Dolores in 1840, 303.

De Haro, Gonzalo, voyage of, I, 682.
De Haro, Ramon and Francisco, captured and
shot by Americans in 1846, II, 446.

De Haven, John J., State senator in 1873, report
on closing San Francisco streets for race-
track, IV, 531.

De la Guerra, Francisco, member of depart-
mental assembly in 1843, II, 328.

De la Cuesta, Father Felipe Arroyo, opposed
to republican constitution in 1827, II, 87; ac-
tion as missionary of San Juan Bautista, 92,
93; amusement with Indian children, 524;
Beechey's story of his simplicity in regard to
an erring youthful Indian couple, 524, 525.
De la Guerra, Pablo, member of constitutional
convention of 1849, question of meaning of
word "white," H, 761, 769, 772; state senator
in 1851, IV, 79; president of senate and
lieutenant-governor in 1861, 273, 274.
De la Guerra y Noriega, José Antonio, connec
tion with defense of country against Buenas
Ayres insurgents in 1818, 1, 649, 656, 661;