PRESIDENTS AND VICE-PRESIDENTS. Since the establishment of our government 27 men have been elected to the office of President and 28 to the office of Vice-President. Several of the Presidents have served two terms, but in the case of President Cleveland these two terms were not consecutive and were separated by the election of President Harrison. In the numbering, therefore, the usual custom has been to denominate Cleveland as the 22d and 24th President of the United States and this custom has been followed. The States from which these officers were elected and the dates of their tenure of office are given and notations of death are inserted where either officer passed away during his term of office. PRESIDENTS VICE-PRESIDENTS DATE James Monroe, Va.. John Quincy Adams, Mass. Andrew Jackson, Tenn.. Andrew Jackson, Tenn.. Martin Van Buren, N. Y. §William Henry Harrison, Ohio. John Tyler, Va.. James K. Polk, Tenn. "Zachary Taylor, La.. Millard Fillmore, N. Y. Franklin Pierce, N. H. James Buchanan, Pa.. Abraham Lincoln, Ill. **Abraham Lincoln, Ill. Andrew Johnson, Tenn. 18 Ulysses S. Grant, Ill.. Ulysses S. Grant, Ill. Rutherford B. Hayes, Ohio. James A. Garfield, Ohio. 21 Chester A. Arthur, N. Y Grover Cleveland, N. Y. Benjamin Harrison, Ind. 24 Grover Cleveland, N. Y. 25 William McKinley, Ohio. William McKinley, Ohio. 26 Theodore Roosevelt, N. Y. Theodore Roosevelt, N. Y. William H. Taft, Ohio. Woodrow Wilson, N. J. John Adams, Mass. George M. Dallas, Pa. William R. King, Ala. Schuyler Colfax, Ind. $$Thomas A. Hendricks, Ind. Resigned Dec. 28, 1832. April 30, 1789, to Mar. 3, 1793. § Died April 4, 1841. Died April 20, 1812. † Died Nov. 23, 1814. • Died July §§ Died 526 PRESIDENTIAL AND VICE-PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES. toral) votes. article of the The first four presidential elections those of 1789, 1792, 1796, and 1800 were held under the provisions of the second article of the Constitution, by the terms of which the candidate receiving the largest number of electoral votes was declared to be President and the candidate receiving the next highest number was declared to be Vice-President. But in the fourth election Jefferson and Burr each received the same number of electoral votes and a contest in the House of Representatives ensued, resulting in the final choice of Jefferson to the presidency. This contest demonstrated the necessity of amending the Constitution so that the country might not again witness a similar situation. The Twelfth Amendment was then framed (proclaimed September 25, 1804) providing that the electoral ballots should be cast for both presidential and vice-presidential candidates, and this method has ever since been followed. The voters do not cast their ballots "direct" for the two chief executives, but under the provisions of the second article of the Constitution and the Twelfth Amendment thereto vote for electors." 66 After the popular election these electors meet in the various States and certify to the 527 President of the Senate for which candidate they (the electors) have been instructed to cast their (electoral) votes. The President of the Senate then opens the ballots in the presence the presence of the members of the Senate and House and officially announces the result of the election. For this reason there is no officially "direct" popular vote for our most important officials though the result of the count of ballots in the Electoral College may be regarded as the "direct" expression of popular opinion. The "will of the majority" (of the popular voters) has, however, been thwarted several times in our national elections, as in 1824, 1876 and 1888, when the unsuccessful candidates received from 100,000 to nearly 300,000 more votes from the people than the candidate who was declared elected by the Electoral College. As the number of electors in each State is equal to its representation in both branches of Congress and as the apportionment of representatives is changed only once every ten years (after each census and in accordance with the growth or decrease of population), it is not strange that the popular vote and the electoral vote vary, the popular majority, therefore, having little weight. (Above) (Above) (Above) (Above) 155,825 1,670 1,838,169 874,534 1,866,452 5,540,309 249,506 146,935 1,591 264, 133 7,102,272 6,273,624 133, 148 132,007 13,969 5,112,565 406,442 258,838 120,903 82,806 Va., Sept. 24, 1784 N. H., Oct. 9, 1782 (Above) N. H., Nov. 23, 1804 Va., June 13, 1786 N. H., Mar. 31, 1806 (Above) Pa., April 22, 1791 Ga., Jan. 21, 1813 N. Y., Feb. 7, 1800 Ky., Feb. 12, 1809 Ky., Jan. 21, 1821 Vt., April 23, 1813 Tenn., Feb. 15, 1797 (Above) 1826 Pa., Dec. 3, N. H., Feb. 3, 1811 Ohio, Nov. 19, 1831 Pa., Feb. 14, 1824 Ohio, June 12, 1833 Me., Mar. 20, 1804 Vt., Nov. 13, 1813 N. J., Mar. 18, 1837 Pa., Jan. 31, 1830 Ind., Feb. 25, 1833 N. H., Nov. 5, 1818 Ohio, Aug. 20, 1833 (Above) N. Y., Dec. 8, 1828 N. Y., 1823 Conn., Feb. 19, 1816 (Above) (Above) (Above) N. Y., Aug. 5, 1819 Ohio, Jan. 29, 1843 Pa., May 1, 1846 Ohio, Jan. 3, 1830 Pa., Dec. 10, N. Y., Oct. 27, 1858 N. Y., May 14, 1852 (Above) Pa., May 5, 1839 Ga., Sept. 5, 1856 N. Y., Dec. 11, 1860 Ohio, Sept. 15, 1857 (Above) (Above) Ind., Nov. 26, 1858 Wis., Nov. 1, 1852 Ga., Sept. 5, 1856 Va., Dec. 28, 1856 D. C., July 9, 1850 Mich., June 17, 1866 (Above) N. H., Oct. 8, 1869 N. Y., May 29, 1866 N. H., Nov. 19, 1873 (Above) Pa., June 1, 1868 N. Y., July 13, 1890 N. Y., Mar. 8, 1874 D. C., April 15, 1865 Ky., May 17, 1875 Ill., June 3, 1861 Tenn., Sept. 10, 1869 (Above) N. J., Oct. 29, 1885 N. Y., July 23, 1885 N. Y., Feb. 12, 1886 (Above) N. Y., Nov. 29, 1872 Mass., May 12, 1884 Pa., Dec. 16, 1893 Ind., Nov. 25, 1885 Mo., Dec. 13, 1885 Ga., June 13, 1883 Ill., June 26, 1886 Ohio, Jan. 17, 1893 N. Y., Aug. 4, 1886 N. Y., April 4, 1883 Ky., June 29, 1895 N. J., Sept. 19, 1881 N. Y., Feb. 9, 1886 Towa, Feb. 6, 1912 Me., Oct. 2, 1897 N. J., June 24, 1908 D. C., Jan. 27, 1893 D. C., Jan. 11, 1893 Ind., Mar. 13, 1901 (Above) N. Y., July 9, 1890 Ill., Nov. 24, 1901 (Above) (Above) (Above) Cal., April 5, 1900 N. Y., Sept. 14, 1901 Ill., Sept. 25, 1900 (Above) 1863 1832 † Owing to the death of Mr. Greeley, the Democratic elec Nat. Rep. 49 Henry Lee. Mass.. Independent. 11 Amos Ellmaker. William Wilkins Pa. Pa.. Kentucky Francis Granger. New York Whig. 47 William Smith. Alabama. Virginia.. Whig. 234 Richard M. Johnson. Kentucky Democrat 48 Pa., Dec. 5, 1779 Mass., Feb. 4, 1782 Pa., Feb. 2, 1787 Pa., Dec. 20, 1779 Ky., Oct. 17, 1780 Conn., Dec. 1, 1792 Va., Mar. 29, 1790 (Above) (Above) (Above) Va., Dec. 17, 1774 N. C., Nov. 2, 1795 Mass., April 21, 1796 Pa., July 10, 1792 N. J., Mar. 28, 1787 Va., Jan. 3, 1776 N. Y., Feb. 7, 1800 Ky., 1791 Mass., Aug. 18, 1807 N. C., April 6, 1786 N. C., Sept. 5, 1804 Ind., May 5, 1817 Ky., Jan. 21, 1821 N. J., Feb. 17, 1807 Tenn., Aug. 25, 1800 Me., Aug. 27, 1809 Ga., Sept. 18, 1812 N. C., Dec. 14, 1801 Mass., April 11, 1794 N. C., Dec. 29, 1808 Ohio, July 25, 1825 N. Y., Mar. 23, 1823 Ky., Feb. 19, 1821 N. H., Feb. 16, 1812 Ky., May 28, 1826 Mass., Sept. 22, 1833 (Above) Ga., April 20, 1824 Ky., Sept. 13, 1817 Ky., Jan. 3, 1817 N. Y., July 24, 1815 D. C., April 20, 1812 N. H., Sept. 18, 1819 Pa., July 30, 1859 (Above) (Above) Ala., June 26, 1840 (Above) Pa., Nov. 25, 1852 Mass., Feb. 6, 1867 Pa., Nov. 28, 1851 Pa., June 23, 1865 Ky., Nov. 19, 1850 N. Y., Aug. 28, 1868 Va., Jan. 18, 1862 (Above) (Above) (Above) Va., Mar. 6, 1860 Tenn., June 15, 1849 Pa., July 14, 1849 Pa., Dec. 31, 1864 N. J., April 12, 1862 Ohio, Dec. 7, 1844 N. Y., Mar 8, 1874 Ky., Aug. 6, 1880 Mass., Nov. 21, 1886 Ala., April 17, 1853 N. Y., Aug. 11, 1875 Ind., July 7, 1899 Ky., May 17, 1875 France, Dec. 1, 1864 Tenn., June 26, 1871 Me., July 4, 1891 Ga., Aug. 16, 1880 N. C., April 19, 1881 Mass., Jan. 15, 1865 Tenn., July 31, 1875 Belg'm, Nov. 24, '89 Minn., Jan. 13, 1885 Mo., July 9, 1875 D. C., Nov. 22, 1875 Mo., Dec. 13, 1885 Mass., Aug. 14, 1894 (Above) D. C., Mar. 26, 1894 Ill., Sept. 25, 1900 1897 Mass., Sept. 1, 1894 N. Y., June 4, 1887 Ind., Nov. 25, 1885 Ohio. Greenback. Ohio. Prohibition. Ohio, Feb. 18, 1814 N. Y., Aug. 7, 1824 New York American.. New York Republican. Indiana. Democrat. 214 Texas.. Greenback. |