Military History of Ulysses S. Grant: From April, 1861, to April, 1865 - Adam Badeau - Google Books

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CONTENTS OF VOLUME III.

General view of situation after fall of Atlanta-Defences of Richmond and

Petersburg-National entrenchments-Depression of public spirit at the

North-Political situation-Approach of Presidential election-Difficulties

in drafting troops-Anxiety about Washington-Grant's strategy covers

the capital-Early reinforced by Anderson-Sheridan's manœuvres in the

Valley-Relations between Grant and Sheridan-Anderson recalled to

Richmond-Grant's visit to Sheridan-Confidence of both commanders-

Battle of Winchester-Blunder of Early-Sheridan's plan-Sheridan's

attack-Original success of rebels-Sheridan restores the day-Torbert's

cavalry charge-Victory of national forces-Retreat of Early, "whirling

through Winchester "-Pursuit by Sheridan-Battle of Fisher's Hill-

Second defeat of Early-Further retreat of rebels-Effect of success at

the North-Grant's orders to Sheridan-Early abandons the Valley-Cen-

sures of Lee-Disappointment in Richmond

Grant's original plan at the West to move to the sea-Plan turned over to

Sherman when Grant became general-in-chief-Co-operation of Banks and

Canby prevented by Red river disaster-Sherman first proposes destruction

of railroad to the rear-Unity of instinct between Grant and Sherman-

Sherman reverts to original plan-Grant first suggests movement to

Savannah, instead of Mobile-Sherman promptly accepts suggestion-

Development of views of the two commanders-Hood moves to rear and

threatens Sherman's communications-Sherman obliged to follow-Grant

makes a movement before Richmond to prevent Lee reinforcing Hood

-Sherman still anxious for his onward march-Sherman first suggests

leaving Hood in his rear-Hood attacks Chattanooga railroad and Sher-

man again compelled to follow-Grant meanwhile arranges for Sherman's

march to the sea-Attack and defence of Allatoona-Repulse of rebels-

Sherman again suggests moving to Savannah, leaving Thomas to contend

with Hood-Grant at first prefers Sherman to destroy Hood before moving

to sea-Sherman repeats suggestion-Grant sanctions movement, if line

of Tennessee can be held-Mutual confidence of Sherman and Grant

-Superior responsibility of Grant-Daring of Sherman's conception-

Comparison of Sherman's plan with that of Grant behind Vicksburg-

Difference between Grant's original plan and modifications of Sherman-

Originality of Sherman-Movement of Grant on the James in support of

Sherman and Sheridan-Orders to Butler and Meade-Grant has small

expectation of capturing Richmond at this time-Hopes to gain advantage

before Petersburg-Complicated responsibilities of general-in-chief-Move-

ment of Butler from Deep Bottom-Capture of Fort Harrison-Ord

wounded-National advance interrupted-Grant enters captured work-

Assault by Birney repelled-No further advantage gained north of James

-Correspondence of Grant with President in regard to Sheridan-Sheri-

dan's operations facilitated by movement on James-Meade moves out

to left-Warren captures work on Peeble's farm-Ninth corps at first

forced back, but afterwards rallies-Warren holds his position-Three

rebel assaults on Fort Harrison-Butler retains his prize-Rebels with-

draw within their lines-Advantage gained by Grant on both flanks-

Balancing character of operations-Consternation in Richmond-Anxiety

Grant directs Sheridan to move upon Charlottesville-Sheridan recommends

reduction of his command-Lee reinforces Early-Sheridan moves down

the Valley-Early follows-Cavalry battle at Tom's Brook-Rout of the

rebels-Sheridan moves to Cedar Creek-Sheridan summoned to Wash-

ington-Wright left in command-Early determines to attack Sheridan's

army-Topography-Battle of Cedar Creek-Movement of Early, in night

of October 18th-Assault on left of national army-Wright driven back

in confusion seven miles-Sheridan arrives at Winchester on 18th-Rides

towards Cedar Creek on 19th-Turns the tide of fugitives-"Face the

other way"-Re-forms the line-Last attack of Early repulsed-Sheridan

attacks in his turn-Rout of the rebels-Magnitude of rebel disaster-End

of campaign in Shenandoah Valley-Sheridan's military achievements and

character-Faults of Early-End of Early's career-Grant's policy of

destroying resources of the Valley-Justified by necessity, by results, and

by course pursued by rebels-Grant moves against Lee's communications

-Instructions to Meade and Butler-Geography of country-Army of

Potomac crosses Hatcher's run-Warren fails to connect with Hancock-

Grant at Burgess's mill-Enemy's line found to extend further than ex-

pected-Grant suspends operation-Returns to City Point, supposing con-

nection made between Warren and Hancock-Enemy comes into gap

between Fifth and Second corps-Gallant behavior of Egan-Repulse of

rebels-Butler moves against fortified works, contrary to orders-Repulse

of Butler-Criticism of entire movement-General remarks on Grant's

operations before Petersburg
81

CHAPTER XXVIII.

Grant at City Point-Simplicity of camp life-Traits of President Lincoln-

Personal character of Grant-Wife and children at City Point-Military

family-Preparations for Sherman's march-Sherman falls back from

Atlanta-Pursuit of Hood-Escape of Hood-Reinforcement of Thomas-

Anxiety of government-Orders for Sherman's march delayed-Orders re-

newed-Harmony of Grant and Sherman-Supreme responsibility of Grant

-Hood moves to Tennessee river-Sherman's misgivings-Presidential

election-Political position of Grant-Views in regard to soldiers' vote-

Efforts of enemy at the North-Re-election of Lincoln-Sherman starts

for the sea-Change of military situation-Preparations of Grant to meet

Hood-Geography of Tennessee-Character of Thomas-Relations of

Sherman and Thomas-Difference of character between Grant and Thomas

-Grant and Sherman direct concentration in Tennessee-Thomas delays

to concentrate-Hood crosses the Tennessee-Forest moves into West

Tennessee-Forces of Thomas-Danger of Thomas-Reinforcement of

Thomas by Grant-Situation on the Tennessee-Grant visits the North-

Reception in New York and Philadelphia-Recommends dismissal of use-

less generals-Character of Stanton-Relations of Stanton and Grant 135

Hood moves north from the Tennessee-Thomas directs Schofield to fall back

-Schofield evacuates Columbia-Hood crosses Duck river-Affair at

Spring Hill-Schofield extricates his army-Battle of Franklin-Repulse

of Hood-Thomas directs Schofield to retreat to Nashville-Grant dis-

approves this strategy-Anxiety of government-Correspondence between

Grant and Thomas-Difference of views between the two commanders-

First news from Sherman-Proposed movement against mouth of Cape

Fear river-Orders to Butler and Weitzel-Orders to Sheridan-Move-

ment of Meade against Hicksford-Situation at Nashville-Thomas delays

to fight-Grant gives peremptory orders-Excuses of Thomas-Grant's

general supervision of armies-Butler starts in person for Fort Fisher, con-

trary to Grant's expectation-Further delay of Thomas-Correspondence

between Grant and the government-Grant orders Thomas to be relieved—

Suspends the order-Starts for Nashville-Receives news of Thomas's

success-Goes no further than Washington-Topography around Nash-

ville-Dispositions of Hood and Thomas-Thomas's plan of battle-Fight-

ing on 15th of December-Success of national movements-Battle of 16th

-Rout of Hood-Pursuit of rebel army-Hood crosses Tennessee-Con-

gratulations of Grant and the government-Further urging of Thomas-

Thomas defends his course-News of Sherman's arrival at the coast-

Thomas prepares to go into winter quarters-Grant makes different dis-

positions-Results of campaign against Nashville-Criticism of Hood-

Behavior of national troops-Criticism of Thomas-Justification of Grant's

judgment-Temperament of Thomas-Friendly relations between Grant

and Thomas-In war, nothing which is successful is wrong

Sherman moves from Atlanta-Object of Sherman's march-Character of

march-Foraging-Alarm of enemy-Rebel movements in Sherman's front

-Arrival at Milledgeville-Second stage of march-Movements of cavalry—

Increased consternation of rebels-Futile efforts to obstruct Sherman-

Arrival at Millen-Policy of Sherman-Turns his columns towards Savan-

nah-Character of country on Savannah river-Arrival in front of Savan-

nah-Situation of city-Capture of Fort McAllister-Sherman communi-

cates with the fleet-Supplies awaiting him at Port Royal-Results of

march-Delight of country-Dispatches from Grant-Sherman ordered to

embark his army for Richmond-Preparations to obey-Orders revoked-

Investment of Savannah-Evacuation-Escape of garrison-Occupation of

city-Expedition against Fort Fisher starts—Butler's powder-boat-Lack

of co-operation between Butler and Porter-Explosion of powder-boat-

Situation of Fort Fisher-Strength of Defences-Garrison-Naval bom-

bardment, December 24th-Arrival of Butler-Landing of troops-Recon-

noissance-Butler determines against assault-Withdrawal of troops-

Protest of Porter-Butler sails for Fort Monroe-Grant's dispatch to

President-Butler's disobedience of orders-Unnecessary failure-Porter's

dispatches-Chagrin of Grant-Second expedition determined on-Secrecy

-Butler relieved from command-Second expedition starts-Terry's in-

structions-Arrival off Fort Fisher-Landing of troops-Movements of

Hoke-Bombardment of January 13th-National line across peninsula―

Supineness of Hoke-Reconnoissance-Arrangements for combined assault

-Bombardment of January 15th-Curtis's advance-Ames's assault-

National troops reach the parapet-Formidable character of work-Fight-

ing on the parapet-Capture of Fort Fisher-Losses-Arrival of Stanton

-Seizure of blockade runners-Conduct of troops-Gallantry of defence—

Harmony of Porter and Terry-General observations-Results

Approach of the end-Consternation of rebels-Desertions from Lee's army

-Discord in Richmond-Arming of slaves-Attempts at compromise-

Preparations to evacuate Richmond-Renewed efforts of Grant-Sher-

man to march northward-Relations of Sherman and Grant-Comprehen-

sive strategy of Grant-Schofield transferred to North Carolina-Dissat-

isfaction with Thomas-Canby ordered to move into Alabama-Schofield

to co-operate with Sherman-Stoneman ordered into East Tennessee-Po-

sition of Sherman in January-Moves to Pocotaligo-Grover brought

from the Shenandoah to Savannah-Strength of Sherman's army-

Strength of his enemy-Difficulties and dangers of Sherman's new cam-

paign-Sherman starts-Dispositions of Grant in his support-General

control of Grant-Cavalry movement ordered from West Tennessee to

support Canby-First news from Sherman-Schofield arrives in North

Carolina-Capture of Wilmington-Sheridan ordered to move west of

Richmond-Anxiety of President and Secretary of War-Advance of

Sherman-Characteristics of Grant-Operations west of Mississippi-

Instructions to Canby - Strategical principles of Grant-Delays of

Thomas-Situation in Richmond-Distraction and desperation of rebels

- Preparations to abandon Richmond - Preposterous suggestions of

Breckenridge and Beauregard-Beauregard relieved by Johnston-Deser-

tions from rebel army-Lee's attempt to negotiate with Grant-Corre-

spondence between Lee and Grant, and between Grant and the govern-

ment-Subordination of Grant-Lee's overtures repelled-Lee's statement

of rebel condition-News from Sheridan-Grant's prescience of Lee's

movements-Gradual envelopment of both Lee and Johnston's com-

mands-Dissatisfaction with Canby-First dispatches from Sherman-

Further delay of Thomas-Sheridan arrives at White House-Sheridan's

Raid-Last defeat of Early-Skilful strategy of Sheridan-Enormous

loss inflicted on enemy-Approaching consummation of Grant's plans-

Preparations for final blow-Sheridan to co-operate with army of Poto-

mac-Junction of Sherman and Schofield-Sherman's northward march

-Difficulties at outset-Advances directly north-Enters Columbia-

Conflagration caused by Hampton's orders-Sherman's troops extinguish

flames-Fall of Charleston- Sherman pursues Beauregard as far as

Winnsboro-Turns eastward-Arrives at Cheraw-Great captures of ord-

nance-Arrives at Fayetteville-Receives supplies from Wilmington-

Communicates with Grant-Hardee crosses Sherman's front to join Beau-

regard Sherman starts for Goldsboro-Johnston supersedes Beauregard

-Battle of Averysboro-Retreat of rebels-Battle of Bentonsville-At-

tack by Johnston-Repulse of Slocum-Arrival of Howard-Position of

Johnston-Attack by Miles-Opportunity of Sherman-He prefers to wait

arrival of Schofield-Retreat of Johnston-Sherman arrives at Goldsboro

-Character and results of march through Carolinas-Operations of Scho-

field prior to joining Sherman-Success of Grant's combinations-Orders

to all his generals-Meeting of Lincoln and Sherman at Grant's head-

quarters Self-reliance of Grant
350

Forces before Richmond and Petersburg, March 25, 1865-Grant's disposi-

tions in Virginia and North Carolina-Order for movement in front of

Petersburg-Rebel attack on Fort Steadman-Repulse of rebels-Desper-

ate strategy of Lee-Movement of Grant to left, March 29th-Relations

of Grant and Sheridan-Characteristics of Grant's strategy-Situation,

March 30th-Sheridan ordered to take Five Forks-Lee masses one-third

of his army against Grant's left-Warren disposes his forces contrary to

orders-Attack on Warren-Repulse of Warren-Dissatisfaction of Grant

-Unfortunate peculiarities of Warren-Advance of Humphreys and

Warren-Pickett sent against Sheridan-Battle of Dinwiddie-Advance

of Pickett-Repulse of rebels on Chamberlain's creek-Pickett pierces

Sheridan's centre-Sheridan attacks in return-Sheridan forced back to

Dinwiddie Sheridan holds Dinwiddie-Generalship of Sheridan-Situa

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