visited the coast fishing for cod, and was very friendly to the white men. This Indian told them of Massasoit, the great chieftain of the Waumpanoags, who was in their neighborhood with sixty of his warriors, all dressed in their best array of paint and feathers, secretly observing the motions of the colony.

John Carver had before this been made governor, and in the name of the English he sent for Massasoit to come and make a peace with him. Massasoit came readily in answer to the invitation, and the two chiefs smoked a pipe together and made a treaty which Massasoit kept all his life long.

The Indians told the English that all this shore where they had landed had been visited by a great sickness, from which nearly all the natives had died. This accounted for the deserted country they had found, and the Pilgrims believed they saw the hand of God clearing a way for them in the wilderness.

Carver's Chair.

the Indians, Brave WillShortly after

One chief

During this winter all the firmness and endurance of the colony were called into action. Governor Carver showed much wisdom in his early dealings with but when the colony was three months old, he died. iam Bradford was made governor in his stead. Carver's death they began to fear trouble with the Narragansett Indians, who were enemies of the friendly Massasoit. sent a snake skin stuffed with arrows to Governor Bradford, to show him he was his enemy; but undaunted Bradford sent back the skin stuffed full to the jaws with gunpowder. After this answer the Indians do not seem to have cared to meddle with the plucky gov

ernor.

Miles Standish was another Puritan of indomitable pluck. He had been in the wars in Europe, and was the soldier of the colony. Where there was any danger he went straight to the front. He had brought over with him a little wife named Rose. I fancy her a

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Signatures of Pilgrims.

rose-bud sort of woman, too tender for bleak winds and rough rocks, and they were obliged to lay her away in a snow covered grave very soon after coming to Plymouth. One after another they died. When spring set in after that first winter, only half their number was living.

These are hard days to read about. Yet in spite of all obstacles they prospered. In this next year another ship came bringing others to join them. And in less than a year from the time they landed, they had sent home to the Plymouth Company, in part payment of lands, "500 pounds worth of furs and clapboards."

in 1622 another colony sent out by the Plymouth Company came to Wessagusset, which is now called Weymouth, and settled there. These were not Puritans, however. They were nearly all of

the English Church; and the Pilgrims, who had run away from the church, did not view with very cordial eyes the sight of a colony of this kind growing up so near them.

In 1628, when this Plymouth Colony were grown hardy and wellrooted, a large emigration set in from England: for the Puritans there were every day growing more and more restless under persecution. Men of education and men of fortune the kind of men usually averse to emigrating—were ready to leave England for a land where they would not be oppressed for their opinion's sake. Democratic ideas, the sort of ideas which grow into the making of

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Signatures of Massachusetts Bay Colonists.

a republic, had crept into the brains of some of these men, and made them eager to form a church and community on their own plan of government. A party of these Puritans, living principally in Lincolnshire and Dorsetshire in England, bought a tract of land of the Plymouth Company, and began making their arrangements to settle there. The first of these, led by John Endicott, came to Massachusetts, and settled in Salem. During the year 1630, seventeen ships with 1,500 men came to the new colony.