The Metabolism and Energy Transformations of Healthy Man During Rest |
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The Metabolism and Energy Transformations of Healthy Man During Rest Francis G. Benedict,Thorne M. Carpenter No preview available - 2017 |
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2-hour periods 21 grams 24 hours Archiv f average body calories Cals carbohydrate carbon dioxide eliminated carbon-dioxide excretion carbon-dioxide production cent chair clinical thermometer computed determined diet energy entered the respiration exhaled experiments here reported feces food aperture Gavarret given in table glycogen grams of carbon grams of urine grams per hour heat elimination Heat equivalent heat production June 24 katabolism kilogram of body-weight kilos large number lungs and skin measurements ments METABOLISM EXPERIMENT meter of body-surface muscular activity night nitrogen normal number of experiments obtained oxygen absorbed oxygen consumption p. m. the subject Physiol pneumograph protein pulse rate tion-rate ratio respiration calorimeter respiration chamber respiratory quotient rest experiments sleep Sondén and Tigerstedt sorbed square meter subject entered sublingual body-temperature table 44 temperature tion total heat variations waking hours water vaporized weight without clothing Wesleyan University Zuntz
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Page 22 - ... Martin's or Brown-Sequard's, still less like a test tube in a water bath. Recent experiments are giving more reliable results but individual differences are so important that the choice of food cannot be ultimately decided by the application of general principles. About 85 per cent of the protein, 90 per cent of the fat and 98 per cent of the carbohydrates in cereals are digestible.* Composition cannot be taken as a perfect guide to the real value of a food. One series of experiments on the digestibility...
Page 217 - Chicago by the authors with this method, and checked in the Nutrition Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Washington at Boston by its skilled workers with the method developed there (2).
Page 248 - Is likewise accelerated, and there is an increase in the total heat production shows a striking uniformity in fluctuations. * * * In the course of experiments it has been observed that with very slight activity the pulse and metabolism are at a minimum. When the activity is increased the pulse rate is likewise accelerated, and there is an increase in the total metabolism.
Page 9 - In the dietary studies made in connection with the nutrition investigations of the Office of Experiment Stations of the United States Department of Agriculture...
Page 170 - The values given in this table are for the period from 1 am to 7 am, when the subjects were...
Page 208 - ... breathing, absorbed by the blood, and carried to all parts of the body. The various tissues are slowly oxidized, heat being liberated by the action. It is this heat which keeps the bodies of the higher animals continually warmer than the surrounding air. One of the chief products of this oxidation is carbon dioxide, which is carried by the blood to the lungs and there exhaled.
Page viii - The metabolism and energy transformations of healthy man during rest, by FRANCIS G. BENEDICT and THORNE M. CARPENTER.
Page 255 - Carbon dioxid elimination, oxygen absorption, and heat production per hour during various activities. " The results presented In this report are to be considered simply as indicating the normal metabolism of healthy young men at rest and under several conditions of muscular activity. The variations from the normal exhibited by the individual can be seen by an examination of the tables. The attempt is made to point out the cause of the variations in so far as possible, but with so complex a process...
Page 255 - ... accuracy either the katabolism or the energy transformations of a given individual. Approximate values that may prove of practical use can be obtained by means of some of the factors outlined in this report. With more accurate and improved calorimeters, there should be in the course of a few years the addition of many factors, at present entirely unknown.
Page 211 - I:IK 160. — Respiratory quotients and calorific equivalents of carbon dioxide and oxygen for protein, fats, and carbohydrates. THE GASEOUS EXCHANGE AND ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS OF NORMAL INDIVIDUALS. Of fundamental importance is the comparison of the metabolism of diabetics with normal individuals. In making such comparisons, however, it is important that possible variations in body activity, state of digestion, body-weight...