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"WILL YOU HAVE THE CAMP SEARCHED, COLONEL?" (PAGE 230.)

Old Dominion. The forests were in russet and yellow, for the leaves had not fallen. Winter had ushered itself prematurely into the presence of retiring Autumn. The driving storm shut the Blue Ridge from sight. My horse had lost his shoes. I found a blacksmith-shop built of logs. While the smith was putting on the shoes, I sat upon the forge warming my feet. The wind was high, and swept through the forest with a wild, surging roar, and came into the shop through the cracks and crevices, drowning the roar of the bellows. The snow-flakes sifted through the crazy roof, which had lost nearly half its time-worn shingles. Let the reader sit by my side on an old box, and take a look at the blacksmith.

He is fifty years old. We are reminded of the village blacksmith described by Longfellow, whose shop was beneath a spreading chestnut

tree.

"His hair is crisp, and black, and long,

His face is like the tan;

His brow is wet with honest sweat;

He earns whate'er he can,

And looks the whole world in the face,

For he owes not any man."

While fitting the shoes he gives a little of his experience in life. He has been a blacksmith thirty-five years. Last year, unassisted by any one, in this little dingy shop, he earned about eleven hundred dollars; this year, he thinks it will be about thirteen hundred! The farmers hereabouts like his work. When we rode up, he was fitting. the axles of a two-horse wagon. He is an excellent horse-shoer, can set wagon-tires, and do all sorts of handy things. His business with the farmers is a credit-business, but he has many cash customers. His wife and his young children live at Salem, four miles distant. He lives an isolated life. He takes his meals at a little log hut near by, with a free negro, but sleeps in the shop. Summer and winter he sleeps here, lying on the bare ground in summer, and curling up upon the warm cinders of the forge in winter. There is his bed, an old blanket. To-night, when his day's work is done, he will wrap himself in it, and

lie down to refreshing sleep. Saturday night he goes home to Salem to see his wife, and returns at daylight on Monday. So he has lived for fourteen years. A singular life, but not a voluntary one. No. He is a slave! His owner lives down there, in that large white farmhouse, with numerous out-buildings. Looking through between the logs of the shop, I can see the proprietor of this blood, bones, and brains; an old man, white-haired, walking with a cane about his stables, looking out for the comfort of his four-legged cattle on this snowy day. For thirty years has this man before me wielded the hammer, and made the anvil ring with his heavy strokes for his master; a thousand dollars a year has been the aggregate earnings. Thirty thousand dollars earned! of course it is not net earnings, but so much business done by one man, who has received nothing in return. Thirty thousand dollars' worth of unrequited labor. His wife is a slave, and his children are slaves, sold South, some of them. He will behold them no more. One has taken himself up North into freedom, and one daughter is singing of freedom in the presence of God.

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"How much business do you do a year, uncle?"

"Last year I earned between ten and eleven hundred dollars; but year it will be about thirteen hundred."

"Of course your master gives you a liberal share of what you earn." "Not a cent, sir. I gets nothing only what the gentlemen gives I have worked hard, sir, and master says if I take good care of the tools and shop, he will give 'em to me when he dies, so I takes good care of 'em."

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How old is your master?"

"He is seventy years old."

"I should think, when so many negroes are running away, you would want to get your freedom, for fear they would sell you down South."

"I told my master I would always stay with him, and so he has promised to give me the tools."

"I should think you would like to be where you could live with your wife."

"Yes, I would, sir; but they don't think of a man's feelings here. We ain't no more than their stock, sir! They abuse us, 'cause they's got the power."

"You have some money, haven't you, uncle?"

66

Yes, I's got about three hundred dollars. About fifty is Southern Confederate money. I's mighty oneasy about that. 'Fraid I shall lose it. The rest is in Virginia bank notes. I's been saving it this long while."

"Don't you find it rather hard times?"

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Mighty hard, sir. Hain't had no sugar nor coffee this long while. One of your soldiers gave me a spoonful of sugar yesterday. You's got a mighty fine army, sir. There's more good clothes in one regiment that went by yesterday, than in the entire Southern army." "Then you have seen the Southern army?"

"O yes, General Walker's division went down a week ago to-day, ་་0 and Longstreet went down a week ago day before yesterday."

This was important information, for all of my previous inquiries of white residents upon the matter had brought only unsatisfactory replies.

"Walker's division, you say, wasn't very well clothed?”

"No, sir; they was miserably clothed. Lots on 'em was barefoot. One on 'em offered me six dollars for these ere shoes I's got on, and I pitied him so, I was a good mind to let him have 'em; then I thought maybe I couldn't get another pair. I was 'fraid he would suffer."

“I should think, uncle, you would be lonesome here, nights." "O, I's got used to it. It was kind of lonesome, at first, but I don't have anybody to trouble me, and so I gets along first-rate."

While he shaped the shoes and fastened them upon the feet of the horse with a dexterity equal to that of any New-England blacksmith, I fell into revery. There was the smith-stout, hale, hearty, earning a handsome fortune for his master-robbed of his wages, of his wife, his children, less cared for than the dumb beasts seeking the shelter of the stables in the storm, — a human being with a soul to be saved, with capabilities of immortal life, of glory unspeakable with the angels,

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