Company), Vol. I, chap. xxx, and H. T. Peck's Twenty Years of the Republic (Dodd, Mead and Company), chaps. x, xi, contain adequate accounts of the election. Grover Cleveland's Presidential Problems (The Century Co.) gives the President's own description and interpretation of the great strike of 1894, the bond sales, and the Venezuelan boundary dispute. Valuable material for the period is to be found in the biographies of Marcus A. Hanna, by Herbert Croly (The Macmillan Company); William McKinley, by C. S. Olcott (Houghton Mifflin Company); Richard Olney, by Henry James (Houghton Mifflin Company); Walter Q. Gresham, by Matilda Gresham (Rand McNally & Company); J. P. Morgan, by Carl Hovey (Sturgis and Walton Company); and James B. Weaver, by F. E. Haynes (Iowa City), besides the indispensable biography of Grover Cleveland, by Robert McElroy, already mentioned.

TOPICS FOR RESEARCH

1. Western Farm Mortgages: A. M. SIMONS, The American Farmer, pp. 12-60; I. B. Ross, The Agrarian Revolution (North American Review, Vol. CXC, pp. 376 ff.); W. F. MAPPIN, Farm Mortgages (Political Science Quarterly, Vol. IV, pp. 433 ff.); D. R. GOODLOE, Western Farm Mortgages (Forum, Vol. X, pp. 346-355); J. P. DUNN, The Mortgage Evil (Political Science Quarterly, Vol. V, pp. 65 ff.); C. W. DAVIS, Why the Farmer is not Prosperous (Forum, Vol. IX, pp. 231 ff.); F. J. TURNER, The Problem of the West (Atlantic Monthly, Vol. LXXVII, pp. 289 ff.); S. Williston, Semi-Arid Kansas (University of Kansas, Quarterly, Vol. III, pp. 211 ff.); CARL L. BECKER, Kansas (in the Turner Essays) (Henry Holt and Company), pp. 85-111.

2. The Income Tax in the Wilson-Gorman Bill: E. R. A. SELIGMAN, The Income Tax, pp. iv-vi; George TUNELL, The Second Income Tax (Journal of Political Economy, Vol. III, pp. 311 ff.); W. L. WILSON, The Income Tax on Corporations (North American Review, Vol. CLVIII, pp. 1-7); F. W. TAUSSIG, in Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. III, pp. 436 ff.; Pollock vs. Farmer's Loan, in 157 U. S. 429, 158 U. S. 601; A. C. MILLER, National Finance and the Income Tax (Journal of Political Economy, Vol. III, pp. 255 ff.); F. C. Howe, The Internal Revenue System, pp. 233–252. 3. The Injunction: G. G. GROAT, The Attitude of American Courts in Labor Cases (see index); W. H. DUNBAR, Government by Injunction (American Economic Association Studies, Vol. III, No. 1); F. J. STIMSON, The Modern Use of Injunctions (Political Science Quarterly, Vol. X, pp. 189-202); J. L. HIGH, The Law of Injunctions; JOHN MITCHELL, Organized Labor, pp. 324–336; Senate Documents, 57th Cong., 1st sess., No. 190, and 60th Cong., 1st sess., No. 525; In re Debs, 158 U. S. 564 ff.

4. The Venezuelan Boundary Dispute: GROVER CLEVELAND, Presidential Problems, pp. 173-281; J. B. HENDERSON, America's Diplomatic Questions, pp. 411-448 (containing correspondence of Olney and Salisbury); JAMES BRYCE, British Feeling on the Venezuelan Question (North American Review, Vol. CLXII, pp. 145-153); PECK, PP. 412-436; J. H. LATANÉ, The Diplomatic Relations of the United States and Spanish America, chap. vi; J. B. MOORE, Digest of International Law, sect. 966; House Executive Documents, Vol. XXXIV, No. 91; J. D. Richardson, Messages and Papers of the Presidents, Vol. IX, pp. 655-658; Senate Executive Documents, 50th Cong., 1st sess., No. 226; RICHARD OLNEY, International Isolation (Atlantic Monthly, Vol. LXXXI, pp. 577 ff.).

CHAPTER V

"DOMINION OVER PALM AND PINE"

J. H. Latané's America as a World Power (Harper & Brothers), chaps. i-x, H. T. Peck's Twenty Years of the Republic (Dodd, Mead & Company), chaps. xiii, xiv, E. B. Andrews's The United States in Our Own Time (Charles Scribner's Sons), pp. 799-862, and J. F. Rhodes's The McKinley and Roosevelt Administrations (The Macmillan Company), chaps. ii-vii, furnish the narrative background for the present chapter. The standard history of the war with Spain is F. E. Chadwick's Relations of the United States and Spain (Charles Scribner's Sons), Diplomacy (1 vol.), The Spanish American War (2 vols.). Good histories of the war in briefer form are H. C. Lodge's The War with Spain (Harper & Brothers), H. W. Wilson's The Downfall of Spain (Little, Brown & Company), and C. R. Fish's The Path of Empire (Yale University Press), chaps. vii-xiii. A. T. Mahan's Lessons of the War with Spain (Little, Brown & Company), J. D. Long's The New American Navy (2 vols.) (the Outlook Company), and George Dewey's Autobiography (Charles Scribner's Sons), chaps. xiiixviii, are important as the works of men of high position in the Navy Department. For the peace negotiations at Paris see Senate Documents, 55th Cong., 3d sess., No. 62. Valuable material is to be found in the biographies of McKinley (by Olcott), O. H. Platt (by Coolidge), T. B. Reed (by McCall), already cited, as well as in W. R. Thayer's Life and Letters of John Hay (2 vols.) (Houghton Mifflin Company), G. F. Hoar's Autobiography of Seventy Years (2 vols.) (Charles Scribner's Sons), Theodore Roosevelt's Autobiography (The Macmillan Company), J. B. Foraker's Notes of a Busy Life (2 vols.) (Cincinnati), and Royal Cortissoz's Life of Whitelaw Reid (2 vols.) (Charles Scribner's Sons), Vol. II, chaps. xii, xiii. For various phases of our diplomacy in the McKinley administration see

W. F. Johnson's America's Foreign Relations (The Century Co.), chap. xxxiii; P. S. Reinsch's World Politics at the End of the 19th Century (The Macmillan Company); J. B. Moore's Digest of International Law, Vol. III, pp. 2-222; W. A. Dunning's The British Empire and the United States (Charles Scribner's Sons), chap. vii; J. B. Scott's The Hague International Peace Conference, 1899 (Oxford University Press); J. W. Foster's Arbitration and the Hague Court (Houghton Mifflin Company); A. D. White's Autobiography (The Century Co.), Vol. II, chaps. xlv-xlix; and A. C. Coolidge's The United States as a World Power (The Macmillan Company), chaps. vi-viii, xiii-xviii. For problems of colonial administration see W. F. Willoughby's Territories and Dependencies of the United States (by the treasurer of Porto Rico) (The Century Co.); Taft's Report on the Philippines, Senate Documents, 60th Cong., 1st sess., No. 200; J. H. Blount's The American Occupation of the Philippines (G. P. Putnam's Sons); H. P. Willis's Our Philippine Problem (Henry Holt and Company); Fred W. Atkinson's The Philippine Islands (Ginn and Company); J. M. Callahan's Cuba and International Relations (Johns Hopkins University Press); E. J. Carpenter's America in Hawaii (Small, Maynard & Company); and A. H. Snow's The Administration of Dependencies (G. P. Putnam's Sons), chaps. xxvi, xxvii. The Insular cases are to be found in 182 U. S. 1, 223, 244, and 183 U. S. 151, 176, with briefs and arguments in House Documents, 56th Cong., 2d sess., No. 509.

TOPICS FOR RESEARCH

1. The Sampson-Schley Controversy: W. S. SCHLEY, Forty-five Years Under the Flag, pp. 408-428; J. D. LONG, The New American Navy, Vol. II, Appendix, pp. 189-210; W. A. GOODE, Through the War with Sampson, pp. 137-142, 305-307; PECK, pp. 623-626; BISHOP, Roosevelt, Vol. I, pp. 171-173; E. S. MACLAY, History of the United States Navy (revised edition), Vol. III, pp. 286-306 (for attack which provoked Schley's demand for a court of inquiry); report of court of inquiry in House Documents, 57th Cong., 1st sess., No. 485.

2. The United States Steel Company: W. Z. RIPLEY (Ed.), Trusts, Pools, and Corporations, pp. 97-268; H. L. WILGUS, The United States Steel Corporation in its Industrial and Legal Aspects; J. H. BRIDGE, Inside History of the Carnegie Steel Company; F. W. TAUSSIG, The Iron Industry (Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. XIV, pp. 143-170, 455-508); B. J. HENDRICK, The Age of Big Business, pp. 58-85 ("The Epic of Steel"); CARL HOVEY, The Life Story of J. P. Morgan, pp. 194-223; J. F. RHODES, The McKinley and Roosevelt Administrations, pp. 144-157.

3. The Boxer Rebellion: J. W. FOSTER, American Diplomacy in the Orient, pp. 407-435; W. R. THAYER, Life and Letters of John Hay, Vol. II, pp. 231-249; C. S. OLCOTT, Life of William McKinley, Vol. II, pp. 220261; W. A. P. MARTIN, The Siege of Pekin; P. H. CLEMENTS, The Boxer Rebellion; A. S. DAGGETT, America in the China Relief Expedition; House Documents, 55th Cong., 3d sess., No. 1, and 56th Cong., 1st sess., No. 547; Report of Secretary of War for 1900; J. B. SCOTT, The Government of the United States and Foreign Missionaries (American Journal of International Law, Vol. VI, pp. 70 ff.); C. R. FISH, The Path of Empire, chap. xiv.

4. Anti-Imperialism: A. C. COOLIDGE, The United States as a World Power, pp. 148-171; G. F. HOAR, Autobiography of Seventy Years, Vol. II, pp. 304-320; CARL SCHURZ, The Policy of Imperialism; EDWARD ATKINSON, The Cost of War and Warfare from 1899 to 1902; W. G. Sumner, The Conquest of the United States by Spain; G. F. HOAR, No Power to Conquer Foreign Nations; MOORFIELD STOREY, What shall we do with our Dependencies; articles in Harvard Law Review, Vols. XII, XIII; ALBERT SHAW, Political Problems of American Development, chap. ix; M. M. KALAW, The Case for the Filipinos (by a native of Manila), chaps. iv, vi, and Appendix G.

CHAPTER VI

THEODORE ROOSEVELT

In the spring of 1918 Colonel Roosevelt turned over his voluminous personal and official correspondence to his friend J. Bucklin Bishop for the preparation of an exhaustive biography, which appeared in the autumn of 1920 under the title Theodore Roosevelt and his Time (2 vols.) (Charles Scribner's Sons). In point of completeness Bishop's work naturally supersedes the biographies whose authors lacked his advantage in material, but it is often disappointing in arrangement and lacking in the proportion which a trained historian would have better preserved. For a truly satisfactory appreciation therefore of both Theodore Roosevelt and his time it needs to be supplemented by other works, notably Roosevelt's Autobiography (The Macmillan Company), chaps. x-xv; W. D. Lewis's The Life of Theodore Roosevelt (John C. Winston Company); W. R. Thayer's Theodore Roosevelt an Intimate Biography (Houghton Mifflin Company); Lawrence F. Abbott's Impressions of Theodore Roosevelt (Doubleday, Page & Company); and Lord Charnwood's Theodore Roosevelt (Atlantic Monthly Press). For general narratives of the Roosevelt administration see J. F. Rhodes's The McKinley and Roosevelt Administrations (The Macmillan Company), chaps. viii-xvii; J. H. Latané's America as a World Power

(Harper & Brothers), chaps. ix-xviii; F. A. Ogg's National Progress (Harper & Brothers), chaps. i-ix; H. Howland's Theodore Roosevelt and his Time (Yale University Press), chaps. vi-xi. Bishop's chapters on "Securing the Panama Canal," in his Theodore Roosevelt and his Time, Vol. I, chaps. xxiv, xxv, are valuable as the work of a former secretary of the Canal commission. See also Bishop's The Panama Gateway (Charles Scribner's Sons), W. F. Johnson's Four Centuries of the Panama Canal (Henry Holt and Company), chaps. viii-xviii, and Philippe Bunau-Varilla's The Great Adventure of Panama (Doubleday, Page & Company). The text of the act providing for the construction of the Canal and of the Hay-Bunau-Varilla treaty may be found in MacDonald's Documentary Source Book of American History (The Macmillan Company), Nos. 191 and 192. For the trusts see G. H. Montague's Trusts of Today (McClure, Phillips and Company), John Moody's The Truth about the Trusts (Moody Publishing Company); C. R. Van Hise's Concentration and Control (The Macmillan Company), and C. A. Beard's chapter on "The Development of Capital" in his Contemporary American History (The Macmillan Company), pp. 229-253. A defense of the trusts is contained in J. R. Day's The Raid on Prosperity. The campaigns of 1904 and 1908 are described in Edward Stanwood's History of the Presidency (Houghton Mifflin Company), Vol. II, pp. 77-140, 141– 213. W. Z. Ripley writes on "Roosevelt's Railway Policy" in the Atlantic Monthly, Vol. XCVI, pp. 377 ff., and more fully on the Hepburn law in his Railroads: Rates and Regulation (Longmans, Green & Co.), pp. 495-520. See also Frank Parsons's Railways, the Trusts, and the People (C. F. Taylor, Philadelphia). The Japanese problem is well treated in Sidney L. Gulick's The American-Japanese Problem (Charles Scribner's Sons) and in K. K. Kawakami's American-Japanese Relations (The Macmillan Company). Valuable material on the administration is to be found in Croly's Hanna, Coolidge's Platt, Hovey's Morgan, Thayer's Hay (especially Vol. II, chaps. xxviii-xxxii), and A. D. White's Autobiography. Oscar S. Straus's Under Four Administrations (Houghton Mifflin Company), chaps. vii-ix, and H. H. Kohlsaat's From McKinley to Harding (Charles Scribner's Sons), chaps. xviii-xxxvi, contain interesting personal revelations.

TOPICS FOR RESEARCH

1. The Northern Securities Case: B. H. MEYER, History of the Northern Securities Case, University of Wisconsin, Bulletins, Vol. I, pp. 215-330; J. G. PYLE, Life of James J. Hill, Vol. II, pp. 112-187; BISHOP, Vol. I, pp. 182-187; E. A. PRATT, American Railroads, pp. 223-234; W. Z. RIPLEY, The Capitalization of Public Service Corporations (in Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. XV, pp. 106 ff.); Supreme Court decision in 193 U.S.